雅思阅读考情回顾.docx

雅思阅读考情回顾.docx

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雅思阅读考情回顾

2018年8月18日雅思阅读考情回顾

一、考试时间：

2018年8月18日（周六）

二、考试概述：

本次考试三篇文章的回忆并不充分，所以无所找到其对应的旧题，整体默认三篇均为新题。

第一篇文章，DevelopmentofEnglishTheaters，介绍的是在英国的剧院的发展和分类。

类似的文章在2016年有出现，但不是同一篇。

第二篇Theexplorationtothemoon，介绍的是人类对于月球的探索。

第三篇是moodandworkingefficiency，关于工作中的情绪调节。

三、文章简介

Passage1:

DevelopmentofEnglishTheaters，英国戏剧的发展

Passage2:

Theexplorationtothemoon，月球的探索

Passage3:

moodandworkingefficiency,情绪与工作效率

四、篇章分析：

Passage1：

文章内容

前半部分：

戏剧与其他艺术形式的区别与联系

后半部分：

不同时期英国戏剧的发展、特点及观众群体

题型分布与答案参考

判断题4

1.False（文中说认为戏剧inferior，是unfair的）

2.NotGiven（题干说generally,文中未提及）

3.True

4.True（诗歌也有表演的元素）

表格填空题9

5.upperclasses

6.comediesofmanners

7.melodrama

8.scenery

9.electriclight

10.music

11.educated

12.reflection

13.non-western

相关拓展

DevelopmentofEnglishtheatreinIndiacamethroughthehandofBritishruleinIndia.VariousplayhousesinKolkatasaidtohavereceivedtremendoushelpfromEnglishactormanagerDavidGarrickwhocametoIndiaintheyear1753.TheBombayTheatrewasmodelledaftertheLondon'sDruryLane,anddatesbackto1776.SomeoftheinhabitantsalsostagedamateurperformancesatpopularhallsplaysbyShakespeareandCongreve,laterGoldsmithandSheridan.VerysoonitbecameafrequentpractiseforindividualsandcompaniesfromEngland,travellingtoothernationslikeNewZealandandAustralia,topresentshowsduringhaltsinKolkataorMumbaiforexpatriatecommunity.

Intheyear1835,evenbeforeMacaulaydeclaredEnglishlanguagethemediumforeducationforselectedIndians,theRev.KrishnaMohanBanerjee（1813-85）wrotethefirstplayinEnglishbyanIndian:

ThePersecuted,,orDramaticScenesIllustrativeofthePresentStateofHindooSocietyinKolkata（1831）-adramatizeddebateontheconflictbetweenorthodoxHinducustomandnewWesternideas.Localstudents,underthenewsystem,predictablylookedtoEnglishLiteratureforinspiration.StudyofShakespeareledtoaspurtnotonlyoftranslationsandemulationsofhisworkintheIndianlanguages,butalsostaginginEnglishofscenesand,often,fullplaysbyShakespeareparticularlyamongIndiancollegians.

Asonlymenhadtheprivilegeofgoingtoschoolandcollegesandattainingeducation,theytooplayedtherolesofwomenintheatres.BritishandIndianrarelyparticipatedinthesameproduction.SomeoftheprominentfacesofBengalliteraturefraternitylikeRabindranathTagoreandMadhusudanDuttcontributedinEnglishplaysaswell.TherewasanotherbilingualauthornamedT.P.Kailasam（1884-1946）,wholivedforsomeyearsinEngland,andappliedhistwolanguagesdiscretely.AndtherewerealsopeoplewhousedtheEnglishlanguageformtomerelytellthestorythroughdialoguethanastheatricalofferings.AurobindoGhose（1872-1950）andHarindranathChattopadhyaya（1898-1990）leftalargetheatricalbodychieflyonreligiousormythicalsubjects.

DevelopmentofEnglishTheatreAfterindependenceofIndiain1947,therewerearound200playsthatwerewritten,thoughmostofthemarenotperformedandmanynotperformable.Duetolackofstageopportunities,thewritersweredeprivedofpracticalknowledgeoflearningtheart.Duringthe1950sShakespeareanplaysbecamequitesignificantrole,ledbyGeoffreyandLauraKendalwhoseproductionsofShakespeareanandotherclassicsbarnstormingthroughIndiancitiesandtownsinfluencedpotentialandyoungtheatreenthusiastslikeUtpalDutt.

Duringthe1960sthesocio-politicalworkofAsifCurrimbhoy（1928-94）broughtpassion,powerandcomplexitytooriginalIndian-EnglishTheatreinatleasttwelvesignificantplaysontopicalmatters,butoffendedconservativesandtraditionaliststhatledtoacompletebanonTheDoldrummers（1961）.Somewhatsimilarluckbefellon"ATouchofBrightness（1965）,setinaMumbaibrothelsbyPartapSharma,whohaswrittenfourotherplays.

AspaceforcommercialEnglishlanguagetheatrebecamepossibilityandrealityinMumbaiafterAdiMarzban（1914-87）directedhiscomedyAh!

Norman（1972,adaptedfromNorman,IsThatYou?

byRonClarkandSamBobrick）,alandmarkhitleadingtohundredsofperformances.

TheaudiencesforEnglishtheatremainlyconsistofpeoplefromeliteclassesfrommetropolitancities.Indianpeoplehave,somewhat,acceptedEnglishastheirIndiantongue,butnowhereinIndia,apartfromDelhiandMumbai,isEnglishtheatreviablecommercially.Amateurtheatregroups,asitstandsinpresentconditions,stillrelylargelyonaWesternrepertoiretoluretheatregoers.

Passage2：

文章内容

文章介绍了对于月球的探索以及外星文明的思考

题型分布与答案参考

段落信息配对7（有NB）

14.C

15.D

16.H

17.G

18.A

19.C

20.B

人名观点配对3（有NB）

21.C

22.C

23.B

填空3

24.Transiting

25.orbit

26.sky

相关拓展

ThesuccessoftheApollo11missioninputtingmenonthemoonandbringingthembacksafelywithsamplesoflunarmaterialmarksthebeginningofwhatpromisestobeaperiodoffruitfulexplorationofthemoonbymenandmachines.Theobjectivewillbetoansweralargenumberofquestionsabouttheoriginandevolutionofthemoon,itsgeology,itschemicalandphysicalstructureandwhatlightitshistorycanshedonthehistoryofotherbodiesinthesolarsystem.Ourpurposeinthisarticleistodiscussthemajorquestionsthecomingmannedexpeditionstothemoonwillbetakingupandtodescribethetechniqueslikelytobeemployedonsuchmissions.

Inanastronomicalsensethemoonisusuallyconsideredtobeasatelliteoftheearth.Fromtheviewpointofplanetaryprocesses,however,themooncanberegardedasthesmallestofthe"terrestrial"planets（theothersbeingtheearth,Mars,VenusandMercury）.Becauseitsdistancefromthesunisaboutequaltothatoftheearth,themoonissubjecttoexternalinfluencessimilartothoseaffectingtheearth.Themoon'ssmallersize,however,impliesahistoryquitedifferentfromtheearth's.

Mostplanet-wideprocessesresultfrominternalsourcesofenergyandthemeansofitsdissipation.Theamountofinternalenergyandthemeansofdissipationaredependentonthesizeoftheplanet.Ontheearththedissipationofenergyhasbeenaccompaniedbythetransportofvolcanicfluidsfromtheinterioroftheearthtothesurface,bythelong-termdevelopmentofalightcrustandadensecoreandbylarge-scalemovementsoftheearth'scrust,mantleandcore.Theseprocesses,togetherwitherosionandthechemicalinteractionofmaterialsonthesurfacewiththeatmosphereandthehydrosphere,continuallydestroytheearth'ssurfacefeatures.Forexample,eventhelargestvolcanoesareleveledbyerosionwithinafewmillionyearsaftervolcanicactivityceases.Itisextremelyunlikelythatanyoftheearth'soriginalsurfacefeaturesstillexistunchanged.Noexamplesareknown,andalmostcertainlynonewillbefound.

Itwasoncethoughtthatmanyofthesurfacefeaturesofthemoondatebacktothemoon'sformation.ThedetailedviewsofthelunarsurfaceprovidedbythephotographsfromtheLunarOrbiterspacevehicleshavesomewhatdiminishedthispossibility,becausetheyindicatethaterosionandotherprocessesofchangedotakeplaceonthemoon.PreliminaryanalysisofthesamplesreturnedbyApollo11nonethelessindicatesthatthematerialisveryold,perhapsthreebillionyearsold.Thehighlandsmaybeevenolder.Thepossibilitythatsomeofthemateriallyingonthelunarsurfaceischemicallyunchangedsincetheformationoftheplanetremainshigh.

Fundamentalscientificquestionsaboutthemoonareoftenstatedintermsofterrestrialcharacteristics,whichareofcoursemorefamiliar.Ininquiringaboutthegrosschemicalandphysicalstructureofthemoon,forinstance,onewondersifthemoonischemicallyandmineralogicallydifferentiatedastheearthis.Theprocessessuchasvolcanismhaveoccurredonthemoon,whathasbeentheirhistoryoverlongperiodsoftime?

Didthemooneverhaveanatmosphere?

Haveprotobiologicalmaterialseverexistedorevolvedonthemoon?

Answerstosuchquestionscallfortherecoveryandanalysisofsamplesoflunarmaterialsfromavarietyofregionsonthemoon.Mostoftheanalysiswillhavetobedoneontheearth.Determiningtheageofasampleoflunarmaterialormakingachemicalandmineralogicalanalysisofitrequiresinstrumentsthatcannotbedeployedonthelunarsurfacewithinthenextfewyears,particularlywithlittleornopriorknowledgeofthecharacterofthematerialstobeanalyzed.

Thestudyofreturnedlunarmaterialswillinfactprovideoneofthemostintriguingchallengeseverfacedbynaturalscientists.Howmuchofthemoon'shistoryandhowmanyofthelunarsurfaceprocessescanbeunderstoodfromafewisolatedsamplesoflunarmaterial,aidedbythefairlydetailedknowledgeofthesurfacemorphologyobtainedfromphotographs?

Thepossibilitiesareconsiderable,becausethelunarsurfaceisnotsubjecttomanyofthechemicalprocessesthatoccurontheearth'ssurface,suchasthechangesaccompanyingerosionandsedimentation.Furthermore,thedistributionofmaterialoverthesurfaceofthemoonbytheimpactofmeteoritessuggeststhatasubstantialamountofmaterialinanygivenplacemayhavecomefromgreatdistanceswithoutsignificantchangesinchemicalcomposition.

Effortstotracetheevolutionofthemoon,tounderstanditsgrossinternalstructureandtoexplainthecharacteristicsofitsmajormorphologicalfeatureswillrequireknowledgeofthekindandamountofinternalenergyreleasedbymoonquakes,heatflowatthesurfaceandvolcanism.Theoccurrenceofmoonquakeswouldrevealsomethingofthedistributionofstresswithdepth.Theseismicwavesarisingfrommoonquakeswouldprovideapowerfultoolfordeducingthedistributionofbasicphysicalpropertieswithdepth.Measurementofheatflowatthesurface,