英语中考英语初中英语英语阅读理解汇编技巧和方法完整版及练习题.docx

英语中考英语初中英语英语阅读理解汇编技巧和方法完整版及练习题.docx

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英语中考英语初中英语英语阅读理解汇编技巧和方法完整版及练习题

（英语）中考英语初中英语英语阅读理解汇编技巧和方法完整版及练习题

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1．阅读理解

   PabloCasalswasagreatcello（大提琴）playerandmusicwriter.HewasborninCatalonia,Spain.Hefirstheardthecelloplayedwhenhewas11.Generally,hefellinglovewiththeinstrument.So,hewenttoschoolattheEscuelaMunicipaldeMusica.Hefocusedonhisstudiesandgothighgrades.Whenhefinishedschool,heplayedthecellointhequeen'spalace.Hebecamemoreandmorefamous.Soon,hebegantoplayforaudiencesworldwide.

   AftertheeventsoftheSpanishCivilWar,CasalsleftSpain.Herefusedtogoback.HewenttoliveinPuertoRoco.Hecontinuedhisworkasateacher.Healsorecordedmanyalbums（相册）.Attheageof80hemarriedhisthirdandfinalwife,MartaMontanez.

   Casalsdiedin1973.ThekingofSpainhadenjoyedCasals'musicverymuch.Heorderedapostagestamptobemade.Itshowedapictureofthecellist.

（1）WhatschooldidCasalsattend?

A. Julliard.                                                             

B. L'EcoleNormaledeMusique.

C. TheRoyalConservatory.                                  

D. EscuelaMunicipaldeMusica.

（2）HowoldwasCasalswhenhemarriedMartaMontanez?

A. 80.                                        B. 89.                                        C. 45.                                        D. 27.

（3）WhatdidthekingofSpainorder?

A. Casals'cello.                B. Apostagestamp.                C. Apalace.                D. Amusicschool.

（4）Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

A. ThelifeofPabloCasals.                                   

B. PabloCasals'playingstyle.

C. PabloCasals'opinionofSpain.                       D. ThemusicofPabloCasals.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：

本文主要介绍了帕布罗·卡萨尔斯，这位伟大的大提琴演奏家和音乐作家的个人简历。

（1）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句So,hewenttoschoolattheEscuelaMunicipaldeMusica.可知，他去了埃斯库拉市音乐学校。

故选D。

（2）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句 Attheageof80hemarriedhisthirdandfinalwife,MartaMontanez.可知，在80岁时，他与MartaMontanez结婚，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句Heorderedapostagestamptobemade.Itshowedapictureofthecellist.理解可知，国王下令制作了一张邮票，上面是一个大提琴手的照片，故选B。

（4）主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，此文主要介绍了PabloCasals的一生，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。

2．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

HowMuchCanWeAffordtoForget?

   In2018,Sciencemagazineaskedsomeyoungscientistswhatschoolsshouldteachstudents.Mostsaidstudentsshouldspendlesstimememorizingfactsandhavemorespaceforcreativeactivities.AstheInternetgrowsmorepowerful,studentscanaccess（获得）knowledgeeasily.Whyshouldtheyberequiredtocarrysomuchofitaroundintheirheads?

   Civilizations（文明）developthroughforgettinglifeskillsthatwereoncenecessary.IntheAgricultural（农业的）Age,afarmercouldaffordtoforgethuntingskills.Whensocietiesindustrialized,theknowledgeoffarmingcouldbesafetoforget.Nowadays,smartmachinesgiveusaccesstomosthumanknowledge.Itseemsthatwenolongerneedtoremembermostthings.Doesitmatter?

   Researchershaverecognizedseveralproblemsthatmayhappen.Forone,humanbeingshavebiases（偏见）,andsmartmachinesarelikelytoincreaseourbiases.Manypeoplebelievesmartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective,butmachinesaretrainedthrougharepeatedtestingandscoringprocess.Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthecorrectanswers.

   Anotherproblemrelatestotheeaseofaccessinginformation.Whentherewerenocomputers,effortswererequiredtogetknowledgefromotherpeople,orgotothelibrary.Weknowwhatknowledgeliesinotherbrainsorbooks,andwhatliesinourheads.Buttoday,theInternetgivesustheinformationweneedquickly.Thiscanleadtothemistakenbelief—theknowledgewefoundwaspartofwhatweknewallalong.

   Inanewcivilizationrichinmachineintelligence,wehaveeasyaccesstosmartmemorynetworkswhereinformationisstored.Butdependencyonanetworksuggestspossibilitiesofbeingharmedeasily.Thecollapseofanyofthenetworksofrelationsourwell-being（健康）dependsupon,suchasfoodandenergy,wouldproduceterribleresults.Withoutfoodwegethungry;withoutenergywefeelcold.Anditisthroughwidespreadlossofmemorythatcivilizationsareatriskoffallingintoadarkage.

   Weforgetoldwaystofreeuptimeandspacefornewskills.Aslongastheolderformsofknowledgearestoredsomewhereinournetworks,andcanbefoundwhenweneedthem,perhapsthey'renotreallyforgotten.Still,astimegoeson,wegraduallybutunquestionablybecomestrangerstofuturepeople.

（1）Whyaresmartmachineslikelytoincreaseourbiases?

A. Becausetheygooffcourseintestingandscoring.

B. Becausewecontrolthetrainingprocessonthem.

C. Becauseweofferthemtoomuchinformation.

D. Becausetheyoverusetheprovidedanswers.

（2）TheeaseofaccessinginformationfromtheInternet________.

A. freesusfrommakingeffortstolearnnewskills

B. preventscivilizationsfrombeinglostatahighspeed

C. misleadsusintothinkingwealreadyknewtheknowledge

D. separatesthefactswehavefromthoseinthesmartmachines

（3）Theword"collapse"inParagraph5probablymeans"________".

A. asuddenfailure                                               

B. thebasicrule

C. adisappointingstart                                       

D. thegradualdevelopment

（4）Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?

A. Toquestionaboutthestandardsofinformationstorage.

B. Todiscussourproblemsofcommunicationwithmachines.

C. Tostresstheimportanceofimprovingourmemorizingability.

D. Toremindusoftheriskofdependingonmachinestoremember.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】大意：

作者主要讲的是用机器记信息可能会产生的不良影响或后果。

（1）细节题。

根据Manypeoplebelievesmartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective,butmachinesaretrainedthrougharepeatedtestingandscoringprocess.Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthecorrectanswers.机器人的程序是由人类编程的，人类控制它们的训练程序，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据Thiscanleadtothemistakenbelief—theknowledgewefoundwaspartofwhatweknewallalong.通过互联网知晓信息的便利会误导我们认为我们找到的信息就是我们一直以来都知道的信息的一部分，故选C。

（3）词义猜测题。

根据Thecollapseofanyofthenetworksofrelationsourwell-being（健康）dependsupon,produceterribleresults.可知，此处指我们健康所依靠的网络中的任何一个突然崩溃或垮掉了，都会产生很糟糕的后果。

collapse意为崩溃，垮掉，故选A。

（4）主旨题。

通读全文可知，作者主要讲的是用机器记信息可能会产生的不良影响或后果，故D项符合题意，故选D。

【点评】词义猜测题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。

词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．阅读理解

   Haveyoueverhadthestrangefeelingthatyouwerebeingwatched?

Youtumaroundand,sureenough,someonewaslookingrightatyou!

Parapsychologists（Ry3）saythathumanshaveanaturalabilitytosensewhensomeoneislookingatthem.Toresearchwhethersucha"sixsense"reallyexists,RobertBaker,apsychologist（心理学家）attheUniversityofKentucky,didtwoexperiments.

   Inthefirstone,Bakersatbehindunknowingpeopleinpublicplacesandstaredatthebacksoftheirheadsfor5to15minutes.Thesubjects（受试者）wereeating,drinking,reading,studying,watchingTV,orworkingatacomputer.Bakermadesurethatthepeoplecouldnottellthathewassittingbehindthemduringthoseperiods.Laterwhenhequestionedthesubjects,almostallthemsaidtheyhadnosensethatsomeonewasstaringatthem.

   Forthesecondexperiment,Bakertoldthesubjectsthattheywouldbestaredatfromtimetotimefrombehindinalaboratorysetting.Thepeoplehadtowritedownwhentheyfelttheybeingstaredatandwhentheyweren't.Bakerfoundthesubjectswerenobetterattellingwhentheywerestaredatandwhentheyweren't.

   Bakerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhentheyarebeingstaredat.Ifpeopledoubttheoutcomeofhistwoexperiments,saidBaker,"Isuggesttheyrepeattheexperimentsandseeforthemselves

（1）What'stheaimofthetwoexperimentsfor?

A. Provewhyhumanshaveasixthsense.

B. Explainwhenpeoplecanhaveasixthsense

C. Showhowpeopleactwhilebeingwatchedinthelab

D. Studywhetherhumanscansensewhentheyarestaredat

（2）Theunderlinedword"outcome"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans?

A. Value                          

B. Result                          

C. Performance                          

D. Connection

（3）Whatisthewritersopinionaboutthe"thesixthsense"?

A. Heisnotsureaboutit                                     

B. Heissurethatitdoesn'texist（存在）

C. Hewantsustofindouttogetherwithhim    

D. Heagreeswiththeparapsychologists

（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A. Peoplearebornwithasixthsense.

B. theexperimentssupportparapsychologistsidea.

C. thesubjectsdonothaveasixthsenseintheexperiments.

D. peoplehaveasixthsenseinallplaces.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）B

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了一位心理学家通过两个实验来验证人们没有第六感觉的事。

（1）细节题。

根据Toresearchwhethersucha"sixsense"reallyexists,RobertBaker,apsychologist（心理学家）attheUniversityofKentucky,didtwoexperiments为了研究这种“六感”是否真的存在，心理学家罗伯特·贝克（心理学家）在肯塔基大学做了两个实验，可知做这两个实验就是为了验证人们是否能感觉到有人在看他们，故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据 Bakerconcludesthat贝克总结说，可知总结的都是结果，故outcome是result结果的意思，故选B。

（3）推理题。

根据Bakerfoundthatthesubjectswerenobetterattellingwhentheywerestaredatandwhentheyweren't贝克发现受试者并不擅长分辨何时被注视，何时没有，可知作者对“第六感”有什么看法是他确信它不存在，故选B。

（4）细节题。

根据Bakerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhenthey’rebeingstaredat.，可知受试者在实验中没有第六感，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。

4．阅读理解

   Isanearbyneighbourbetterthanafarawaycousin?

AnAmericanlady,AnnaLane,believesit'strue.Herkindneighboursoncehelpedheroutwhenshewasinabigtrouble.

   Mrs.Lanewaslivinga