备战中考英语阅读理解之说明文专项训练word版含答案.docx
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备战中考英语阅读理解之说明文专项训练word版含答案
备战2020英语阅读理解之说明文专项训练
1（2019聊城）
Doyouoftenrunoutdoorstokeephealthy?
Haveyoueverthoughtabouthowrunninghelpstocleanuptheearth?
Sometimesacreativemindcanbringusawin-win（双赢）situation.
Plogging，anewwaytoexercise，beganinSweden（瑞典）.Thename＂plogging＂comesfromtwowords-theSwedish（瑞典的）word"plocka＂，whichmeans"topickup（捡起）＂，andtheword＂jogging＂，whichmeans"＂torunslowly＂.ASwedishmancalledErikstartedthemovement.Hesawrubbishhereandtherewhenridingtoworkeachday.Hebecameworriedaboutthedirtyenvironmentanddecidednottogotoworkbybikeanymore.Instead，hebegantoruntoworkandpickuptherubbishatthesametime.
Tohisjoy，moreandmorepeoplefollowedhimandsoonploggingbecamepopular.
Manypeoplechooseplogginginsteadofjustjoggingbecausetheythinkploggingisagoodwaytohelpcleanuptheearth.Sometimesrubbishisdifficulttocollectbecauseitmayscatterallaround.Butiftherunnerspickuptherubbishontheway，itisquitedifferent.Afterall，manyhandsmakelightwork.Anotherreasonisthatploggingburnsmorecalories（卡路里）.Accordingtoaresearch,ploggingfor10minutesburns48calories，whileusualjoggingfor10minutesburnsabout39calories.
Everyoneontheearthshouldplayapartincleaningitup！
It’stimeforustotakeactiontogether.Soready?
Let’splogtomorrow！
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
51.Theunderlined（划线的）word"scatter"inthepassagemeans"___________"inChinese.
A.爆炸B.集中C.散落
52.AfterEriksawmuchrubbish,___________.
A.hebecameworriedB.hekeptridingtoworkeveryday
C.hedidn’tcareanddidnothingaboutit
53.Peoplechooseploggingbecause___________.
A.therearetoomanybikesinthecity
B.ridingbikesisharmfultotheirhealth
C.itcanhelpcleanuptheearthandburnmorecalories
54.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？
A.PloggingstartedinSweden.
B.Ploggingfor10minutesburnsabout84calories.
C.Thename"plogging＂comesfromtwoEnglishwords.
55.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage？
A.ABadHabit-Littering
B.TheBestSport-Jogging
C.ANewWaytoExercise-Plogging
【主旨大意】
本文介绍了一种新型的健身运动方式-Plogging（拾荒慢跑），这项运动起源于瑞典，是一个叫埃里克的瑞典人发起了这场运动。
让大家在锻炼身体的同时，也清洁了我们周围的生活环境。
活动通过体育健身、绿色环保与社会公益有机融合的方式，让参与者在健身的同时关注环境健康、履行社会责任。
【参考答案】
51.C；52.A；53.C；54.A；55.C
2（2019济宁）
Inarainforesttherearetalltrees.Thetopofthesetreesiscalledthecanopy.Scientistswanttolearnaboutthecanopy.Theywanttolearnabouteverythingthatlivesthere.Butithasnotbeeneasytogettothecanopy.
MegisanAmericanbiologist,ecologist,explorer,writer,educator,andpublicspeaker.Sincesheknowsalotabouttrees,sheissometimescalledCanopyMeg.Meghasalwayslikedtrees.Whenshewasachild,shemadetreehouses.Now,shehasclimbedtothetopoftreesallovertheworldanddoesgreatresearch,soshehasgotanicknamecalled＂Einsteinofthetreetops.＂
WalkwaysintherainforestwereMeg’sidea.Now,theyareusedbymanypeople.Awalkwayislikeabridgethatgoesbetweenthetrees.Itissafeanditdoesn’tharmthetrees.Awalkway,however,cannonhelpscientistsreachthetop.
Onewaytoreachthetopisbyalightraftfilledwithair.Ithasahugenetonit.Ahotairballoondropstheraftontothetrees.Scientistscanstandontheraftandlookintothetrees.
Atowercraneisalsoagoodwaytogettothetop.Itcangoabovethetreetops.Itcangoallthewaydowntotheground,too.Scientistsarelearningaboutlifeinthecanopy.Theyhavelearnedtherearemillionsofinsectsthatareeatingleavesinthesetreetops.
Meg’sjobistokeepfindingoutmore.Shewantstohelpfindthesecretsoftreetops.Therearestillmillionsofanimalsthatnoonehasseen.Manyofthemareinthetreetops.
35.Whatdoscientistsgotothetreetopsfor?
A.Tobuildwalkwaysthere.B.Tolearnabouttherainforest.
C.Tostudylivingthingsthere.D.Tolookatthethingsfaraway.
36.WhyisMegcalled"Einsteinofthetreetops?
A.Becauseshehasalwayslikedtrees.
B.Becauseshemadetreehousesinherchildhood
C.BecausesheisanAmericanbiologistandexplorer.
D.Becauseshedoesgreatscientificresearchontreetops
37.Howmanywaysofgettingtothetreetopsarementionedinthepassage?
A.OneB.Two.C.Three.D.Four
38.Whichpicturedoesawalkwaylooklike?
A.
B.
C.
D.
【主旨大意】
文章讲述了Meg关于对树冠的研究，她在小时候就对树冠感兴趣，因此得到＂树梢的爱因斯坦＂的绰号，文章介绍了到达树梢的方法，一个可以用热气球，也可以用塔吊，科学家也研究树冠上的生命，树冠上有成百上千万的吃树叶的昆虫，Meg的工作是坚持弄清楚更多，树冠上仍然有成百上千万的没有人见过的。
【参考答案】
35.C；36.D；37.B；38.A
3（2019重庆）
Morethan330millionvisitorsareexpectedtotakepartinthe19thNationalScienceandTechnologyWeekinChinafromMay19to26.
Duringthescienceweek,opendayswillbeheldtoletpeopleexperiencehowscienceandtechnologyhaveimprovedourlive.Around50,000scientistswillenterschoolsandvillagestoeducateandworktogetherwithlocalpeople.
ThescienceweekthisisabigonebecauseitwillshowChina’srecentscientificachievements.AndthisyearChinawillcelebrateits70thbirthday.It’sanimportantyearforthepurposeofbuildingawell-offsociety（小康社会）by2020.SincetherearestillsomepoorareasinChina,scienceandtechnologywillbeveryhelpfulintheirdevelopment.
Reachingouttotheworldisalsoabestpartofthisyear.Expert（专家）from13countrieswithintheBeltandRoad（一带一路）willtakepartinthescienceweekandtheywillalsoworkwiththepublic.
37.The19thNationalScienceandTechnologyWeekwillstarton___________inChina.
A.May19B.May20C.May25D.May26
38.Manyscientistswillenterschoolandvillagesto___________.
A.sellthelatestproductstolocalpeople
B.learnmoreaboutthelocalenvironment
C.collectmoneyfortheirscientificresearch
D.educateandworktogetherwithlocalpeople
39.Accordingtothepassage,thescienceweekthisyearwill___________.
A.sendscientistsouttotheworldB.showChina’srecentscientificachievements
C.seenewschoolsbuiltinvillageD.improvethesocialabilitiesofChinesepeople
40.Thispassageismostprobably___________.
A.apieceofnewsB.apieceofadviceC.astoryD.aletter
【主旨大意】
短文介绍了第19届中国科技周，届时将有超过3.3亿游客参加。
在科学周期间，将举行开放日，让人们体验科学和技术如何改善我们的生活。
将展示中国最近的科学成就。
来自13个国家的专家们将参加科技周，他们也将与公众一起工作。
【参考答案】
37.A；38.D；39.B；40.A
4（2019聊城）
Peopleindifferentcountriesspeakdifferentlanguages.Butistherealanguagethatcanbeunderstoodbyeveryoneintheworld?
Ifthereis,theanswermightbeEMOJIS（表情符号）.
Emojisareakindofspeciallanguage.Picturesareusedtoputmeaningacross.AgroupcalledtheUnicodeConsortiumworksonchoosingemojis.Ithasaddednewemojiseveryyearsince2014.Theyshowwhatpeoplethinkaboutandlike.
Emojiscanbeusedtorepresent（代表）differentgroupsofpeople.In2015,emojifaceswithdifferentskintones（肤色）wereadded.In2016,differentjobswereadded,suchasdoctor,policeofficerandpainter.Thisyear,emojisofdisabledpeoplewereaddedincludingemojisofblindpeopleandpeopleinwheelchairs.
Butthereisalsomoretoemojis.Theycanalsoreferto（指的是）popcultureandnewculturaltrends（潮流）.
Newemojisin2019alsoincludeseveralanimals,suchassloths（树懒）andflamingos（火烈鸟）.Theseanimalsarenotverycommon,butareknowntomanypeople.Forexample,slothshavebecomepopularbecauseofthe2016filmZootopia（《疯狂动物城》）.Manyfashiondesigners（设计师）haveincludedflamingosintheirdesignsinrecentyears.Thisanimalmakespeoplefeellikethey’reonavacation.
Itseemsthatemojisareamirroroftheworldwelivein.Itwillbeinterestingtoseehowtheychangeandgrowintheyearstocome.
46.Emojisusetoexpressideas.
A.musicB.soundsC.wordsD.pictures
47.Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂it＂inParagraph2referto?
A.TheUnicodeConsortium.B.Anemoji.C.Acountry.D.Alanguage.
48.Inwhichyearwereemojisofdisabledpeopleadded?
A.In2014.B.In2015.C.In2016.D.In2019.
49.Accordingtothepassage,emojisincludethefollowingEXCEPT.
A.peoplewithdifferentskintonesB.popularfilms
C.someinterestinganimalsD.differentjobs
50.WhichsentenceisNotTrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.Peopleallovertheworldmightunderstandemojis.
B.Emojiscanrepresentpopculture.
C.Manyfashiondesignersusedslothsintheirworks.
D.Emojisarechangingandgrowingeveryyear.
【主旨大意】
本文介绍了表情符号（emojis）。
emojis可以被世界上每个人都理解。
表情符号是一种特殊的语言。
图片是用来表达意思的。
emojis可以用来表示不同的人群。
2015年，增加了不同肤色的表情面部。
2016年，增加了医生、警官、油漆工等不同岗位。
今年，增加了残疾人表情符号，包括盲人和轮椅上的人。
2019年新的emojis还包括几种动物，如树懒和火烈鸟。
最后说表情符号每年都在变化和成长。
【参考答案】
46.D；47.A；48.D；49.B；50.C
5（2019杭州）
Amythissomethingthatisnotcorrect,butmanypeoplebelieve.Therearealotofmythsaboutthehumanbrain.
Oneofthebiggestmythsisthatweonlyuse10percentofourbrains.Thenextpartofthemythisthatifwecanlearntousetherestofourbrains,thenwe’llbemuchsmarter.Peoplesaythisallthetime,butit’sabsolutelynottrue!
Thetruthisthatalthoughwedon’tknoweverythingaboutthehumanbrain,weknowthateachpartofithasanimportantfunction（功能）.Modernscientiststhinkthe"10percentmyth"ridiculous（荒谬的）.
Theothermostpopularmythisaboutbeing"rightbrained"or"leftbrained".Accordingtothismyth,peoplewhousetherightsideoftheirbrainsaremoreartisticandcreative.Peoplewhousetheleftsideoftheirbrainsarebetteratmathandscience.Thisisaspopularasthe10percentmyth,andit’salsowrong.In2013,astudyatanAmericanuniversityexaminedtherightbrainandleftbrainmyth.Accordingtothestudy,weusebothsidesofourbrainsequally（相等地）."
It’struethatweusedifferentpartsofourbrainsfordiffer
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