初三 语态情态动词5.docx
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初三语态情态动词5
个性化辅导教案
授课时间:
2008年5月11日
备课时间:
2008年5月10日
年级:
初三课题:
动词语态、情态动词
课时:
2小时
学员姓名:
授课老师:
教学目标
1.掌握主动语态变被动语态的步骤。
2.找出变被动语态的解题方法,并能掌握其方法和技巧。
难点重点
1.熟练运用被动语态的用法,找出解题方法和技巧。
2.熟练地解答题目,提高应变能力。
教学内容
1.答疑
2.本节内容--------动词语态、情态动词
一、语态概述
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
英语中有两种语态:
主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
例如:
ManypeoplespeakChinese.
谓语:
speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。
例如:
Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
1.TheymaketrainsinZhuzhou.()
TrainsaremadeinZhuzhou.()
2.Thefarmersgrowcottoneveryyear.()
Cottonisgrownbythefarmerseveryyear.()
二)被动语态
一般现在时被动语态的构成:
主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词
动词过去分词的构成规则(与动词过去式构成规则一样):
1、一般在动词原形末尾加-ed,lookedplayed
2、结尾是e的动词加-d,livedused
3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写
这个辅音字母,再加-ed,plannedtripped
4、结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“i”,再
加-ed,study---studied,carry---carried
不规则的过去分词要牢记
sing----sang----sungbuild----built----built
写出下列动词的过去式,过去分词:
1、speak()2、use()
3、make()4、write()
5、grow()6、plant()
7、produce()8、ask()
9、plan()10、send()
11、build()12、invite()
三)主动语态变被动语态的步骤:
1、
(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。
主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语;
e.gmanypeoplespeakEnglish.
English.isspokenbymanypeople.
例如:
1.Allthepeoplelaughedathim.
Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.
2.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.
Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.
3.Hecutdownatree.
Atreewascutdownbyhim.
练习:
把下列的句子变为被动语态的句子:
1、TheyspeakEnglishinCanada.(English….)
2、Peopleusewoodformakingtables.(wood….)
3、ThemakecomputersintheUSA.(Computers…)
4、TheygrowriceinSouthChina.(Rice…)
2.一般现在时
1)结构be+过去分词(及物的)
2)各种时态的被动结构:
一般现在时:
主语+am/is/are+过去分词
TheChinesefood_____tobethehealthiestintheworld.
A.considersB.isconsidering
C.isconsideredD.hasconsidered
3.一般过去时
一般过去时被动语态的构成:
was/were+及物动词的过去分词
1、Thebridgewasbuiltlastyear.
2、Itwasusedintheolddays.
3、ThePRCwasfoundedonOctober1,1949.
1)结构be+过去分词
2)一般过去时:
was/were+过去分词
John___,forhewentswimmingyesterdaywithoutpermission.
A.wouldpunishedB.hadpunished
C.punishedD.waspunished
练习:
把下列句子变成被动语态的句子;
1、Theyplantedthesetreesonweekends.
2、Theworkersbuiltthebridgein1968
3、PeopleinvitedYaoMingtoplaybasketballinTheUSA.
4、IBMproducedthisnewtypeoflaptopcomputer.
4.一般将来时
1)一般将来时:
主语+will+be+过去分词
Thenewschool______whenthenewtermbegins.
A.finishesB.willfinish
C.willbefinishedD.wouldfinish
5.现在进行时
1)结构be+being+过去分词
现在进行时:
主语+am/is/are+being+过去分词
----Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?
----Notyet.Rooms_______.
A.arepaintingB.arepainted
C.arebeingpaintingD.arebeingpainted
6.含情态动词的被动语态构成:
情态动词(can/may/must/should)+be+及物动词过去分词
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。
e.g1、Thisbikecanberepaired.
2、Thetreemustbeputstraightinthehole.
3、Theclassroomshouldbecleanedeveryday.
练习:
把下列主动句变被动句:
1、Weshouldplantthetreesaroundthelake
2、Wemustrepairthecomputernow
3、Studentsshouldcorrecttheirmistakes
4、Wemustwaterthetreeswell.
四)被动语态的用法
(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如:
Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
(不知道电脑是谁偷的)
Thisbridgewasfoundedin1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。
(2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。
例如:
TheglasswasbrokenbyMike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。
Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.这本书是他写的。
Yourhomeworkmustbefinishedontime.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。
五)总结被动语态的构成
被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
一般现在时:
am/is/are+spoken
一般过去时:
was/were+spoken
一般将来时:
will/shallbe+spoken
现在进行时:
am/is/arebeing+spoken
过去进行时:
was/werebeing+spoken
现在完成时:
have/hasbeen+spoken
过去完成时:
hadbeenspoken
六)特殊情况
1.Hemadetheboyworkfortwohoursyesterday.
Theboywasmadetoworkbyhimfortwohoursyesterday.
2.MotherneverletsmewatchTV.
IamneverlettowatchTVbymother.
3.JackgavePeteraChristmaspresentjustnow.
(1)AChristmaspresentwasgiventoPeterbyJackjustnow.
(2)PeterwasgivenaChristmaspresentbyJackjustnow.
一、单项选择题:
()1.Woolenclothesareused_______keepinguswarm.
A.ofB.byC.forD.in
()2.Arethesefridgesmade______?
A.inChinaB.inChineseC.ofChinaD.fromChinese
()3.---Wherearebananas_______?
----_____growninSouthChina.
A.grow,It'sB.grown,It'sC.grown,They'reD.grew,They're
()4.TheLeague_____inMay,1922.
A.isfoundedB.wasfoundedC.isbuiltD.wasbuilt
()5.Thestrangethingwiththreelegs_____.
A.usedtodrinkB.areusedfordrinking
C.isusedfordrinkingD.usedfordrinking
()6.TVprogrammescan______totheothersideoftheworld.
A.sendB.besentC.makeD.bemade
()7.Olderpeoplemust_____politely.
A.speaktoB.bespokenC.bespokentoD.sayto
()8.Themoonalways_____aroundtheearth.
A.goesB.travelsC.turnsD.A,BandC.
()9.Manypeople_____Englishintheworld.
A.speakB.speaksC.spokeD.arespoken.
()10.Wemust____ourhomeworkeveryday.
A.befinishedB.finishC.arefinishedD.finished
二、把下列句子变成被动句:
1.ChinesepeoplebuilttheGreatWall2,000yearsago.
2.Wemustplantmoretreesnextyearhere.
3.Dalianproducesbigships.
4.Farmersharvestriceinautumn.
5.Weshouldcleanourclassroomeveryday.
精典练习:
1
()1ThePeople'sRepublicofChina___onOctober1,1949.
A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound
()2English____inCanada.
A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken
()3ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.
A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung
()4Thiskindofcar___inJapan.
A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade
()5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.
A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused
2
()1Ourroommust___clean.
A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep
()2-I'dliketobuythatcoat.
-I'msorry.___.
A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensold
()3Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.
A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding
()4Thekey___onthetablewhenIleave.
A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft
()5Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.
A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed
()6Hisnewbook___nextmonth.
A.willbepublishedB.ispublishing
C.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished
3
()1Japanese___ineverycountry.
A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking
()2Thesepapers___yet.
A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwritten
C.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten
()3Thesportsmeet___behelduntilnextweek.
A.didn'tB.won'tC.isn'tD.doesn't
4
()1-Myshoesarewornout.
A.Can'ttheybemended?
B.Letmehavealookatit.
C.Howmuchdotheycost?
D.Can'ttheymended?
()2___thewatchbeenrepairedyet?
Ibadlyneedit.
A.DoesB.HasC.IsD.Are
()3___thesedesksbeneeded?
A.WillB.AreC.HasD.Do
5
()1Why___totalkaboutityesterday?
A.didn'tameetingholdB.wasn'tameetingheld
C.wasn'theldameetingD.ameetingwasn'theld
()2Whowasthebook___?
A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby
()3Where___theseboxesmade?
A.wasB.wereC.isD.am
6
()1Theflowers___often.
A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater
()2Thebooksmay___fortwoweeks.
A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow
()3Thebrokenbike____herebyMrSmith.
A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended
7
()1Theoldbridgeinmyhometown___nextmonth.
A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willrebuilt
C.aregoingtoberebuiltD.aregoingtorebuilt
()2Theplay___atthetheatrenextSunday.
A.isgoingtobeshownB.willshownC.willshowD.isshown
()3Theoldstonebridge___nextweek.
A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willberebuild
C.aregoingtoberebuiltD.willrebuild
8
()1Nowthesemagazines___inthelibraryforalongtime.
A.havekeptB.arekeepingC.havebeenkeepingD.havebeenkept
()2Thepot___for___hotwater.
A.used;keepingB.wasused;keeping
C.isused;tokeepD.areused;keep
()3Tea___inthesouthofChina.
A.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrow
()4Thebridges___twoyearsago.WOIt'saHaidiantopproblem
A.isbuiltB.builtC.werebuiltD.wasbuilt
()5Wetclothesareoften___upnearafireinrainyweather.
A.hangB.hangedC.hangingD.hung
9
()1Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust___dirtythingsintoit.
A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowing
C.stoptothrowD.stopfromthrowing
()2Theteapot___water.
A.isfilledwithB.filledofC.fullingofD.filled
()3Oldpeoplemustbelooked^fterwelland___politely.
A.speaktoB.spokenC.speakD.spokento
()4Oldpeoplemust___.
A.lookafterwellB.belookedwellafter
C.lookedwellafterD.belookedafterwell
10
()1Newly-bornbabies___inhospital.
A.aretakengoodcareB.aretakengoodcareof
C.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcare
()2Theywere___atthesuddennoise.
A.frighteningB.frightenedC.frightenD.frightens
()3Thesewalls___stone.
A.aremadeofB.madeofuC.aremadeintoD.madeinto
11
()1Jane___tosingusanAmericansonglastSaturday.
A.calledB.wasaskedC.toldD.wassaid
()2Thepapers___tothem.
A.wereshownB.showC.shown/D.haveshown
()3Thecoat___hersister.
A.madetoB.weremadeforC.wasmadeforD.wasmadeto
12
()?
I___fiveminutestodecidewhetherIshouldgoornot.
A.