高英一册第九课词语解释.docx
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高英一册第九课词语解释
UnitNine
MarkTwain---
MirrorofAmerica
Hishouse
MarkTwain’sOriginalHouseinHartford,Connecticut
Keelboat
Platboat
GoldRush:
1830s-1860s
3.everybit:
fromthebeginningtotheend,completely从头至尾的，完全的
Theendingiseverybitasgoodasthebeginning.
Hewantedtobeelectedeverybitasmuchashisbrother.
Hehaseateneverybitofhisdinner.
4.cynical:
a.believingthatpeoplearemotivatedinalltheiractionsonlybyselfishness,withoutanysincerity.
Sarcastic,sneering愤世嫉俗的，玩世不恭的，
Eg.Asarcasticremark
Cynicism玩世不恭,犬儒主义;cynically
n.Cynic
5.deal:
Ivt.give
Dealsb.ablow
Hedealttheboyablowontheear.
II.n.买卖，交易Eg.abusinessdeal
6.Obsess:
vi.haunt;preoccupiedwithasingleemotionortopic
1）被．．．困饶
Eg.Hewasobsessedwith/byfearoffuture./
Fearoffutureobsessedhim.
2）beobsessedwith:
对…着迷
Heisobsessedwithmoney.
Hewasobsessedwithawishforpower.
n.obsession,a,obsessivecf.obese肥胖的
7.frailty:
weakness,beingfrail脆弱性，弱点
Frail:
a.physicallyweak
Aftertheillness,theboyturnedtobefrail.
Herfrailhandscan’tholdthecup
Pa.2
8.tramp:
n.ajourneyonfoot,hike;awanderer
步行,徒步旅行;徒步旅行者;流浪者
10.Confederate:
n.amemberoftheConfederacy
DuringtheAmericanCivilWar,itreferredtothe11statesintheSouth:
TheConfederateStatesofAmerica
南部邦联ConfederateArmyvs.UnionArmy
11.guerrilla:
游击队员，
cf.gorilla:
大猩猩
guerrillawar
游击战
12.prospector:
n.apersonwhoprospects勘探者，淘金者
Prospect:
vi.勘
13.starry-eyed:
withsparklingeyes,idealistic过于理想的
14.acid-tongued:
sarcasticintone尖酸的，尖刻的
Cf.sweettongued
15.range:
vt.wanderortravelacrossthecountry
Herangedthewholeworldinsearchofexcitements.走遍
山中漫游:
Thechildrenrangedthehills.
2）排列torangechairs
Range:
II.n.
arangeofbuildings,一排
arangeoftools/mountainrange（一系列）山脉
therangeofvision目视范围
one’srangeofresponsibility职责范围
comeintorange进入射程
16.thenewAmericanexperience:
Helivedinthestirringyears:
theAmerican-MexicanWar,theCivilWar,theGoldRush,thewestwardexpansionandtheAmericanSpanishWar.
17.attest:
（fml）v.provetobetrue
Eg.Theytriedtoattestthetruthofthestatement.
Egtoattestasignature,
Hissuccessattestedhisindustry.
Icanattesttothetruthofhiswords.
Thechild’sgoodhealthattestshismother’scare.
n.attestation;attestor
Pa.3
19.artery:
n.themainroadorchannel
动脉，主干线
22.commerce:
commodities
abstractfortheconcrete
23.lumber:
n.processedwood,beams,planks,boards,ofconvenientsize
Cf.timber:
unprocessedwood
24.delta:
n.mouthofariver三角洲
25.Theclimaxofwestwardexpansion:
Inthe19th.C.Americaexpandeditsterritory.Inthiswestwardexpansion,therehappenedthemassacreofIndians,theLouisianaPurchase（1803）,etc.
In1848,goldwasfoundinCalif.Thenewsspreadfarandwide.Peoplerushedtheretoseektheirfortune.Thatwas“GoldRush.”Itreacheditsclimaxinthe1860s.
26.basin:
流域
TheAmazonbasin
TheYellowRiverbasin
drain:
v.排水，
Drainthewaterfromthepool.
Aswampwasdrainedtogrowvegetables.
n.排水沟
EgThedrainsareblockedup.
drainagearea
流域面积，
drainagesystem
排水系统
Here:
toflowthrough
Pa.4
27.cub:
n.aninexperiencedawkwardill-manneredyouth幼兽，年轻人，新手
egcubpilot见习领航员
28.cast:
n.演员表
acastof:
asetof,aseriesof
30.feud:
abitterandcontinuedquarrelbetweenfamilies世仇,夙怨
31.piracy:
n.robberyofshipsatthesea,theactofpirate
pirate
Egapiratedbook,pirateddiscs,piratelabel非法录制的唱片，磁带等
32.lynch:
I.n.II.V.tokillapersonwithoutlawfultrial
私刑处死
33.medicineshows:
showsgivenbyfakedoctorsorIndianswhotravelfromtowntotowntoselltheirmedicine游医卖药
e.g.snakebitemedicine
35.soak:
vt.Toimmerseinliquid浸泡
EgYourcoatissoakinginthesink.
她把脏衣服泡在水里。
Shesoakedthedirtyclothesinwater.
Soakin:
absorb,takeinmentally吸收
Theearthsoakedinrainwater.
Thespeakerpausedtoletherwordssoakin.
讲话者暂停了一下，以便她的话被人们理解
pa.5
37.teem:
vi.Befullof充满
Teamwith:
aboundwith
Theriverteemswithfish.
Thearticleteemswithblunders.
Claim:
vt.Todeclareorstatesth.asafact（withoutbeingabletoproveit）
Sheclaimedthat/toberelatedtothequeen.
Cf.Proclaim:
vt.Toannounceofficiallyandpublicly
EgOurcountryproclaimedMayDayapublicholiday.
JapanproclaimedthejusticeofWWII.
Flotsam:
n.Vagrant,usuallydestitutepeople.
无业游民通常指穷困潦倒的人
Hustler:
（sl.）n.prostitute,whore,streetwalker
Thug:
n.hoodlum,gangster,robber
41.acquaint:
vt.Togettoknow认识，了解，熟悉
Acquaintoneselfwith…/
makeoneselfacquaintedwith...
YouhavetoacquaintyourselfwithChinesehistory.
Makeyourselfacquaintedwithyournewduty.
acquaintance:
熟人，了解
anoddingacquaintance,aspeakingacquaintance泛泛之交
Acquaintanceship:
n.knowledge知识,心得,感性认识
Pa.6
43.theAmericanCivilWar（1861—1865）:
awarbetweentheNorthandtheSouthovertheproblemofslavery
AbrahamLincoln（1809—1865）the16thpresident
RobertEdwardLee（1807—1870）generaloftheSouth
UlyssesSimpsonGrant（1822—1885）generaloftheNorth,andthe18thpresident（1869—1877）
44.halt:
I.N.stop
bringahalttosth.
EgThecarcametoasuddenhalt.
II.v.（行进中）停止
EgTheprojecthaltedforlackofmoney.
46.motley:
n.composedofdifferentkindsof混乱的，混杂杂色的，五颜六色的
amotleycoat/clown
amotleycompany三教九流
Don’tletstudentsreadamotleycollectionofbooks.
Pa.7
47.succumb:
vi.1）（to）givewayto,yield;die屈服于
Eg.Thegovernmentsuccumbedtothepressureofthepress.
Hesuccumbedtothetemptationandstolethewallet.
2）Todieof死于
eg.Twainsuccumbedtoaheartattack.
Egsuccumbtoadisease,succumbtoawound
48.epidemic:
I.n.1）流行病
EGanepidemicofflu
2）therapid,widespreadoccurrenceofafad,fashion,etc.风行
beaffectedbytheepidemicofstudyingabroad
II.a.spreadingrapidly,widelyprevalent极其盛行的
eg.Epidemicdiscontent
49.flirt:
v.totoywith,toplaywith玩耍，不认真做…
轻快的摆动toflirtafan
Thebirdflirteditstail.
Thebullfightersareflirtingwithdeath.
toflirtwithgirls调情，flirtation
flirtatious卖弄风情的，调情的
50.colossal:
a.huge,enormous,gigantic巨大的，庞大的
colossalsuccess,colossalspeed
n.colossus巨像，巨人，大人物，大企业
51.rebuff:
I.n.
egHewashitbyaseriesofrebuffs.连遭冷遇
II.Vt.Torepelordriveback,repulse挫败，阻止，冷遇，断然拒绝
eg.torebuffaninvitation
torebuffanenemyattack遏制敌人进攻
52.broke:
a.havingnomoney,bankrupt身无分文的，破产的
53.territorial:
a.领土的
领海:
territorialwaters
n.territoryChineseterritory
领土权:
territoriality，
200-mileseaterritoriality
保护领土完整:
toprotectterritorialintegrity
territorialclaim：
领土要求
领空：
territorialair/space
54.Toone’sgratitude:
adverbialofresult
Eg.Tosb’ssurprise/disappointment/pleasure/delight/horror/astonishment
Toliterature’senduringgratitude:
literatureisforevergratefultothisturnofevents.
55.enduring:
ever-lasting,permanent持久的
enduringpeace/friendship/significance
endure:
vt.１）Tolast
eg.Thehappymarriageendured37years.
2）Hecouldnotendurehumiliation/torture/setbacks.
n.endurance
cf.endue：
赋予（特性，权利）
57.strike:
n.thesuddendiscoveryofsomemineralores
v.tostrikegold/oil
Thenandnow:
acontrast
Cf.hereandthere;upanddown;inandout;toandfro;backandforth;highandlow;rightandleft;dayandnight
Hotbed:
Ｎ．aplacethatfostersrapidgrowthorextensiveactivityofsth.Evil
eg.Ahotbedofwar,crime
Moderncitiesareawindowofmoderncivilizationand,atthesametime,ahotbedofcrime."
"现代城市是现代文明的窗口,同时又是犯罪的温床。
“
SanFranscisco:
AcityofwesternCaliforniaonapeninsulabetweenthePacificOceanandSanFranciscoBay,aninletofthePacific.
ASpanishpresidioandmissionwerefoundedherein1776.ThefirstsettlementwasknownasYerbaBuena,andthenamewaschangedtoSanFranciscoaftercontrolofthetownpassedtotheUnitedStatesin1846.
Discoveryofgoldnearbyin1848changedthecityfromasmallcommunityintoathrivingboomtownknownforitslawlessnessandbawdyamusements.
ThecitywasallbutdestroyedbyadevastatingearthquakeandfireonApril18,1906.Population,723,959.
旧金山美国加利福尼亚西部一半岛上的城市，位于太平洋与旧金山湾（太平洋沿岸一海港）之间，1776年西班牙在此建立要塞和传道区。
第一个殖民点被称为耶尔巴布埃那，1846年美国控制该城市后改名旧金山。
1848年在附近地区发现了金矿，这使原来的小社区发展成为一个日益繁荣的城镇，以无法规约束且多猥亵的消遣方式而闻名。
该城市在1906年4月18日的毁灭性大地震和火灾中几乎被摧毁。
人口723,959．中国人在美国最多的城市．
58.hone:
tosharpen磨…
tohonearazor,
tohoneone’sartisticskill磨练技艺
tohoneagrouptoastrikeforce训练一小组成为突击队
59.scathing:
a.harshorcaustic,severe,critical严厉的，尖刻的
scathingscorn尖刻的嘲讽，
scathingcondemnation严厉的谴责
LuXunwrotealotofscathingarticlestourgeChinatoreform.
adv.Scathingly
Mistreat:
beingtreatedwrongly,badly错误对待
Ｃf.illtreat:
vt.beingtreatedunkindly,cruelly虐待
Eg.文革时很多老干部被错误对待．－－
ManyintellectualsweremistreatedduringtheCulturalRevolution.
Thestep-motherwaschargedwithilltreatmentofthegirl.
63.trendsetting:
leadingthetrend领导潮流
－fashionleader创新精神
set/startatrend引领潮流，标新立异
trend:
tendency趋势，走向
egthetrendofmountains
thetrendofevents事态趋向
trendsetter
64.sluggish:
a.inactive,slow动作缓慢的，懒散的
eg.asluggishperson/mind/economy/market,
Fishbecomesluggishinwinter.
Teproductiongrowthisnowsluggish.
n.slug动作缓慢懒散的人
65.sloth:
alazyman,laziness
Helivesalifeofsloth.
Youhavetoovercomeyourhabitualsloth.
66.astounding:
surprising,shocking令人震惊的
astound:
v.Hewasastoundedbywhathesaw.
67.dashanddaring:
energyandcourage
dash:
n.energy
makeadashat…冲向…
Thegeneralhasbothdashandskill.智勇双全
Daring
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