精品推荐最新Unit8Knowledgeandwisdom练习答案综合教程三.docx

精品推荐最新Unit8Knowledgeandwisdom练习答案综合教程三.docx

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精品推荐最新Unit8Knowledgeandwisdom练习答案综合教程三

最新Unit-8-Knowledge-and-wisdom练习答案综合教程三

Unit8KnowledgeandWisdom

KeytotheExercises

Textcomprehension

I.Decidewhichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor'sargument.

C

II.Judge,accordingtothetext,whetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.

1.F（RefertoParagraph2.Thestudyofthecompositionofatoms,orthedevelopmentoftheatombomb,forexample,hasplacedinthehandsofpowerfullunaticsthemeanstodestroythehumanrace.）

2.T（RefertoParagraph2.Thishasbecomemoredifficultthanitusedtobeowingtotheextentandcomplexityofthespecializedknowledgerequiredofvariouskindsoftechnicians.）

3.T（RefertoParagraph3.Althoughhehadacomprehensiveknowledgeofhistory,hewasstillpartialasthechieflessonofhistorywhichhesoughttoinculcatewasthatfromtheyear400ADdowntohisowntimeGermanyhadbeenthemostimportantnationandthestandard-bearerofprogressintheworld.）

4.F（RefertoParagraph4.ItistruethatbothMr.AandMr.Bpossesssomevicesoftheirrespectivekinds,butthefactdoesnotprovethattheyarewiseorunwise.）

5.F（Refertoparagraph5.Themistakeliesintheextremityofthestatement.AccordingtoRussell,mancannotfreehimselfentirelyfromthephysicalandemotionalneed,soonecanonlygrowinwisdom,whichitselfisamatterofdegree.）

III.Answerthefollowingquestions.

1.RefertoParagraph2.Asenseofproportioncouldbeseenastheabilitytotakeintofullconsiderationallimportantfactorsinanissueandattachdueweighttoeachfactor.

2.RefertoParagraphs1and2.Inthefirstplace,theyareexamplesoftheidearaisedattheverybeginningofthetext:

"althoughouragefarsurpassesallpreviousagesinknowledge,therehasbeennocorrelativeincreaseinwisdom."Theproblem,accordingtotheessay,ispartlyduetothefactthatitisnowmoredifficulttoacquireasenseofproportion,ortheabilitytoassignappropriateweightstovariousfactors,thusachievingbalance.Inconsequence,breakthroughsinsciencearelikelytobringaboutharmsifhumankindfailstoseetheendofscienceandconsidereverythinginacomprehensivemanner.

3.RefertoParagraphs1to4.AccordingtoRussell,thevicesofthelackofwisdomareobviousandpalpable,rangingfromdisturbancetopubliclife,mostnotablytheupsetofworldpeace,tounpleasantincidentsinprivatelife.Meanwhile,thereseemstobeanimbalanceinthegrowthofknowledgeandwisdom,whichisverylikelytomakethingsevenworse.So,wisdomisnecessaryforbothpersonalandculturaldevelopments.

4.RefertoParagraph5.AccordingtoRussell,theessenceofwisdomisimpartiality,oremancipationfromegoisticortemporalconcerns.Itisnaturallydifficultformantoattainimpartiality,asmanisnaturallyboundupbyhisownphysicalstatesfromhisbirth.Ashegrowsup,however,hishorizonwidens,hisconcernsgetbeyondthelimitsoftimeandspace,andhisfeelingsbecomemoreimpersonal,hencethegrowthofimpartialityandwisdom.

5.Apartfromthefactthatitisoneoftheingredientsofwisdom,impartialityisalsothebasisofrationality,forirrationalityisnormallybasedonpartiality.

IV.Explaininyourownwordsthefollowingsentences.

1.Itwouldbeunwisetopursueagoalthatisboundtofail,althoughitmightbenobletodoso.

2.Ithinktheessenceofwisdomistogetone'shorizonfreefromtheconfinementoftimeandspace.

Structuralanalysisofthetext

Paragraph2:

OftheseIshouldputfirstasenseofproportion:

thecapacitytotakeaccountofalltheimportantfactorsinaproblemandtoattachtoeachitsdueweight.

Paragraph3:

Theremustbe,also,acertainawarenessoftheendsofhumanlife.

Paragraph4:

Itisneededinthechoiceofendstobepursuedandinemancipationfrompersonalprejudice.

Paragraph5:

Ithinktheessenceofwisdomisemancipation,asfaraspossible,fromthetyrannyofthehereandnow.

Fourfactorsthatconstitutewisdom:

comprehensivenessmixedwithasenseofproportion;afullawarenessofthegoalsofhumanlife;avoidanceofblindnessandprejudiceinprivatelife;impartiality.

Rhetoricalfeaturesofthetext

Thecapacitytotakeaccountofalltheimportantfactorsinaproblemandtoattachtoeachitsdueweight.（Paragraph2）

Thishastheentirelyunintendedresultofmakingthefoodsupplyinadequateandloweringthestandardoflifeinthemostpopulouspartsoftheworld.（Paragraph2）

Perhapsonecouldstretchthecomprehensivenessthatconstituteswisdomtoincludenotonlyintellectbutalsofeeling.（Paragraph3）

Itisnotonlyinpublicways,butinprivatelifeequally,thatwisdomisneeded.（Paragraph4）

Vocabularyexercises

I.Explaintheunderlinedpartineachsentenceinyourownwords.

1.consider（whenjudgingasituation）/takeintoconsideration,givepropervaluetoeach/attachadequateimportancetoeach

2.Certainly/Veryprobably,broughtagoodandhelpfuleffecttomankind,inreality/inactualsituations

3.talk（disapprovingly）aboutsomethinglessworthyorlessimportant,destroyorruineachother

4.connectedwith/dependenton

5.accordingly

II.Fillintheblankineachsentencewithawordtakenfromtheboxinitsappropriateform.

1.pursue2.ceased

3.attainable4.enmity

5.populous6.surpassed

7.impartial8.appallingly

III.Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.

1.beneficiaries2.undesirable

3.horizontally4.descendants

5.increasingly6.philosophical

7.unduly8.standardization

IV.Fillintheblank（s）ineachsentencewithanappropriatephrasalverborcollocationtakenfromthetext.

1.requiredof

2.soughtto

3.descendedto

4.putfirst

5.contributedto

6.engagein

7.conferred

8.upon

9.boundupwith

V.Giveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.

1.Antonym:

following（subsequent,succeeding）

2.Synonym:

enhance（advance）

3.Synonym:

impressive（sensational）

4.Antonym:

unawareness（ignorance,unconsciousness）

5.Synonym:

instill（indoctrinate）

6.Antonym:

confinement（restriction,restraint）

7.Antonym:

virtue

8.Synonym:

fairness（indifference,neutrality）

VI.Explaintheunderlinedphrasalverbsinyourownwords.

1.contracted

2.keepquiet

3.investigate

4.treat

5.go

6.lostconsciousness

7.tolerate

8.getridof

Grammarexercises

I.Identifythemeaningsofitinthefollowingsentences.

1.Thisisanemphaticit,introducingacleftsentence.

2.Hereitisapronoun,referringtowisdom.

3.Thefirstisananticipatoryit,servingastheformalsubject.Thesecondandthirdarethepronounreferringto"anend."

4.Thisisananticipatoryit,functioningastheformalsubject.

5.Thisisanemphaticit,stressing"thisapproachtowardsimpartiality."

II.Insertit+beorthere+beinthefollowingsentences.

1.therewas,therewas

2.Thereare,Itis,thereis

3.itwas/wouldbe

4.Itis,Therewillbe

5.Itis,itis

6.Itis,itis

7.Isthere,itis,thereis

8.Thereis,Itwillbe,itis,itis,therewillbe

9.Itis,itis

10.Itis,itis

III.Rewritethefollowingsentences,beginningwithItwhereverpossible.

1.Itisnogoodgettingannoyed.

2.Itisillegaltodriveacarwithoutalicense.

3.Itwasfarfromclearwherethesoundwascomingfrom.

4.Itisimpossibletomakealivingfromherpainting.

5.?

6.Itwasamiraclethatthelittlegirlwasn'thurtintheaccident.

7.?

8.Itisobviousthatyoualreadyknowmysecret.

9.Itwillbesurprisingifthetwocountriesdon'treachanagreementsoon.

10.ItisanhonorthatProfessorLeeisattendingtheconference.

IV.Fillintheblankswithappropriateconjunctions.

1.When

2.lest

3.Although

4.notonly...butalso

5.because

6.Although

7.While

8.since

V.Completeeachsentencewithwhatyouthinkthemostappropriateofthefourchoicesgiven.

1.B（Thefirsttimeisamarginalsubordinator.）

2.A

3.C

4.D（unless=if?

not）

5.B

6.A

7.B

8.D

VI.Makesentencesofyourownafterthesentencesgivenbelow,keepingtheitalicizedpartsinyoursentences.

1.e.g.Heismorelikeacompanionthanatutor.

Shescreamed,notloudly,moreinsurprisethaninterror.

2.e.g.ShenotonlytookmehomebutalsocamethenextdaytoseeifIhadrecovered.

Shakespearewasnotonlyawriterbutalsoanactor.

Translationexercises

I.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.

1.我们这个时代在知识方面远远超越了以往所有时代，在智慧方面却没有相应的长进，这个说法大多数人都会同意。

2.但这会导致意想不到的结果：

世界人口最为稠密的地区食物匮乏，生活水平下降。

3.知识面宽但情感狭隘的人绝非少见。

4.没有人能完全公正地看待世界；即便有这样的人，他也很难存活。

II.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsandphrasesgiveninbrackets.

1.Theresultoftheexperimentfarsurpassedtheirexpectations.

2.Weshouldtakefullaccountofthecostoftheprojectandthedifficultieswemightencounter.

3.Thefairweathercontributedtothesuccessofthescientificexpedition.

4.Ronaldo,oneofthefootballstarsfromBrazil,scoredseveralspectaculargoalsinthe2002FIFAWorldCup.

5.ManyhonorarydegreesfromdifferentcollegesanduniversitiesinAmericawereconferreduponRobertFrostforhisremarkablecontributionstopoetry.

6.Patienceandperseverancearerequiredinemancipationfrombadhabits.

7.Theytriedtoinstillsuchnewideasintostudents'minds.

8.Youshoulddemonstrateimpartialityinyourassessmentoftheemployees.

III.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

罗素认为，智慧是由好几个要素构成的。

一个有智慧的人具有全面的视野，他能够考虑一个问题的所有重要方面，分清轻重缓急。

再者，一个有智慧的人知道生活的目的，追求不可能达到的目的是不明智的。

罗素还指出，智慧还在于尽可能摆脱个人偏见。

思想和情感的个人色彩越来越少，你的智慧便越来越多。

Exercisesforintegratedskills