金融经济专业词汇术语大全.docx
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金融经济专业词汇术语大全
经济金融术语汉英对照表
A
安全网
safetynet
按可比口径
onparablebasis
按轻重缓急
toprioritize
暗补
implicitsubsidy
暗亏
hiddenloss
B
颁发营业执照
to license;tograntalicenceto
办理存款业务
to takedeposits
保护农民得生产积极性
to protect farmers'incentivetoproduce
备付金(超额准备金)
excess reserves
本外币并账
consolidationofdomestic andforeigncurrencyaccounts
本外币对冲操作
sterilizationoperation
本位利益
localizedinterest;departmentalism
奔小康
tostriveto prosper;tostrivetobeewell-to—do
避税(请见“逃税")
taxavoidance
币种搭配不当
currency mismatch
币种构成
currencyposition
变相社会集资
disguisedirregular(orillegal) fundraising
表外科目(业务)
off-balance—sheetitems(operation)
薄弱环节
weaknesses;loopholes
不变成本
fixedcost
不变价
at constant price;inrealterms
不动产
real estate
不良贷款(资产)
problemloans;non—performingloans(assets)
C
财务公司
financepanies
财政赤字
fiscaldeficit
财政挤银行
fiscalpressureonthecentral bank(over monetarypolicy)
财政政策与货币政策得配合
coordination offiscalandmonetarypolicies
采取循序渐进得方法
inaphasedandsequenced manner
操作弹性
operationalflexibility
操纵汇率
tomanipulateexchange rate
产品构成
product position;productmix
产品积压
stockpile;excessiveinventory
产销率
currentperiod inventory;(即期库存,不含前期库存)sales/output ratio
产销衔接
marketability
产业政策
industrialpolicy
长期国债
treasurybonds
敞口头寸
openposition
炒股
tospeculateinthe stockmarket
承购包销
underwrite(securities)
成套机电产品
pletesetsofequipment;pleteplant(s)
城市信用社
urbancreditcooperatives(UCCs)
城市合作银行
urban cooperativebanks;municipalunited banks
城市商业银行
municipal mercialbanks
城乡居民收入增长超过物价涨幅
realgrowthinhouseholdine
持续升温
persistentoverheating
重复布点
duplicateprojects
重置成本
replacementcost
重组计划
restructuringplan
筹资渠道
funding sources;financingchannels
初见成效
initialsuccess
出口统一管理、归口经营
canalizationofexports
出口退税
export taxrebate
储蓄存款
householddeposits(不完全等同于西方得savingsdeposits,前者包括活期存款,后者不包括。
)
储蓄分流
diversionofhouseholddeposits
储源萎缩
declineintheavailabilityof householdsavings
传导机制
transmissionmechanism
从价税
ad valoremtax
从紧控制
tight control
存贷款比例
loan/deposit ratio
存款保险体系
deposit insurancesystem
存款货币银行
deposit moneybanks
存款准备金
requiredreserves
D
打白条
issueIOU
大额存单
certificateofdeposit(CD)
大额提现
withdraw depositsinlarge amounts
大面积滑坡
wide-spread decline
大一统得银行体制
(all-in-one)mono—banksystem
呆账(请见“坏账")
badloans
呆账准备金
loan lossreserves(provisions)
呆滞贷款
idle loans
贷款沉淀
non—performingloans
贷款分类
loanclassification
贷款限额管理
creditcontrol;toimposecreditceiling
贷款约束机制
creditdisciplinary(constraint)mechanism
代理国库
to actasfiscalagent
代理金融机构贷款
makeloansonbehalfofother institutions
戴帽贷款
ear—markedloans
倒逼机制
reversed transmission ofthe pressureforeasingmonetarycondition
道德风险
moralhazard
地区差别
regionaldisparity
第一产业
theprimaryindustry
第二产业
thesecondary industry
第三产业
theserviceindustry;thetertiaryindustry
递延资产
deferrableassets
订货不足
insufficientorders
定期存款
timedeposits
定向募集
raisingfundsfromtargetedsources
东道国(请见“母国”)
hostcountry
独立核算
independentaccounting
短期国债
treasurybills
对冲操作
sterilizationoperation;hedging
对非金融部门债权
claimsonnon-financial sector
多种所有制形式
diversified ownership
E
恶性通货膨胀
hyperinflation
二级市场
secondarymarket
F
发行货币
to issuecurrency
发行总股本
total stock issue
法定准备金
requiredreserves;reserve requirement
法人股
institutionalshares
法人股东
institutionalshareholders
法治
ruleof law
房地产投资
realestate investment
放松银根
toeasemonetary policy
非现场稽核
off—sitesurveillance(ormonitoring)
非银行金融机构
non-bankfinancialinstitutions
非赢利性机构
non-profitorganizations
分税制
assignment ofcentraland localtaxes;taxassignment system
分业经营
segregation offinancialbusiness(services);division ofbusinessscopebasedonthetype of financialinstitutions
风险暴露(风险敞口)
risk exposure
风险管理
riskmanagement
风险意识
risk awareness
风险资本比例
risk-weighted capitalratios
风险资本标准
risk-basedcapitalstandard
服务事业收入
publicservicecharges;user'scharges
扶贫
povertyalleviation
负增长
negativegrowth
复式预算制
double—entry budgeting;capitaland currentbudgetaryaccount
G
改革试点
reformexperimentation
杠杆率
leverageratio
杠杆收购
leveraged buyout
高息集资
toraise fundsby offeringhighinterest
个人股
non-institutionalshares
根本扭转
fundamentalturnaround(orreversal)
公开市场操作
openmarketoperations
公款私存
depositpublicfundsinpersonalaccounts
公用事业
public utilities
公有经济
thestate—ownedsector;thepublicsector
公有制
publicownership
工业成本利润率
profit—to-costratio
工业增加值
industrialvalue added
供大于求
supplyexceeding demand;excessivesupply
鼓励措施
incentives
股份合作企业
joint-equitycooperative enterprises
股份制企业
joint-equityenterprises
股份制银行
joint-equity banks
固定资产贷款
fixedassetloans
关税减免
tariffreductionandexemption
关税减让
tariffconcessions
关税优惠
tariffincentives;preferentialtarifftreatment
规范行为
toregularize(or standardize)…behavior
规模效益
economiesofscale
国计民生
nationalinterestand people'slivelihood
国家对个人其她支出
othergovernmentoutlaystoindividuals
国家风险
countryrisk
国际分工
internationaldivisionof labor
国际收支
balanceofpayments
国有独资商业银行
whollystate-ownedmercialbanks
国有经济(部门)
thestate-owned(orpublic)sector
国有企业
state-ownedenterprises(SOEs)
国有制
state-ownership
国有资产流失
erosionofstate assets
国债回购
governmentsecuritiesrepurchase
国债一级自营商
primary underwritersofgovernmentsecurities
过度竞争
excessivepetition
过度膨胀
excessiveexpansion
过热迹象
signsofoverheating
H
合理预期
rational expectation
核心资本
corecapital
合资企业
joint—ventureenterprises
红利
dividend
宏观经济运营良好
soundmacroeconomicperformance
宏观经济基本状况
macroeconomicfundamentals
宏观调控
macroeconomicmanagement(or adjustment)
宏观调控目标
macroeconomic objectives(ortargets)
坏账
bad debt
还本付息
debtservice
换汇成本
unitexport cost;localcurrencycost ofexportearnings
汇兑在途
fundsin float
汇兑支出
advancepaymentofremittancebythebeneficiary's bank
汇率并轨
unificationofexchangerates
活期存款
demanddeposits
汇率失调
exchangeratemisalignment
混合所有制
diversified(mixed)ownership
货币政策态势
monetarypolicy stance
货款拖欠
overdue obligationsto suppliers
J
基本建设投资
investment in infrastructure
基本经济要素
economicfundamentals
基本适度
broadlyappropriate
基准利率
benchmarkinterestrate
机关团体存款
depositsofnon-profitinstitutions
机会成本
opportunity cost
激励机制
incentivemechanism
积压严重
heavystockpile;excessiveinventory
挤提存款
runonbanks
挤占挪用
unwarranteddiversion of(financial)resources(fromdesignated uses)
技改投资
investment intechnological upgrading
技术密集型产品
technology-intensiveproduct
计划单列市
municipalitieswithindependentplanning status
计划经济
planned economy
集体经济
thecollectivesector
加大结构调整力度
to intensify structuraladjustment
加工贸易
processing trade
加快态势
acceleratingtrend
加强税收征管稽查
to enhancetaxadministration
加权价
weighted average price
价格放开
priceliberalization
价格形成机制
pricingmechanism
减亏
toreduce losses
简化手续
tocutred tape;to simplify(streamline)procedures
交投活跃
brisk trading
缴存准备金
todepositrequiredreserves
结构扭曲
structuraldistortion
结构失调
structural imbalance
结构性矛盾突出
acutestructural imbalance
结构优化
structuralimprovement(optimization)
结汇、售汇
sale andpurchaseofforeignexchange
金融脆弱
financialfragility
金融动荡
financialturbulence
金融风波
financial disturbance
金融恐慌
financialpanic
金融危机
financialcrisis
金融压抑
financialrepression
金融衍生物
financialderivatives
金融诈骗
financialfraud
紧缩银根
totighten monetarypolicy
紧缩政策
austerity policies;tightfinancialpolicies
经常账户可兑换
currentaccountconvertibility
经济特区
specialeconomic zones(SEZs)
经济体制改革
economic reform
经济增长方式得转变
changeinthe mainsource ofeconomicgrowth(from investment expansiontoefficiencygains)
经济增长减速
economic slowdown;moderationineconomic growth
经济制裁
economicsanction
经营自主权
autonomyin management
景气回升
recoveryin business activity
境外投资
overseasinvestment
竞争加剧
intensifyingpetition
局部性金融风波
localized(isolated)financialdisturbance
K
开办人民币业务
toengagein RMBbusiness
可维持(可持续)经济增长
sustainableeconomic growth
可变成本
variablecost
可自由兑换货币
freelyconvertiblecurrency
控制现金投放
control currencyissuance
扣除物价因素
inrealterms;oninflation—adjusted basis
库存产品
inventory
跨国银行业务
cross—borderbanking
跨年度采购
cross-yearprocurement
会计准则
accountingstandard
L
来料加工
processingofimported materialsforexport
离岸银行业务
off-shorebanking(business)
理顺外贸体制
torationalize foreigntrade regime
利率杠杆得调节作用
therole ofinterest ratesinresourceallocation
利润驱动
profit—driven
利息回收率
interestcollection ratio
联行清算
inter-banksettlement
连锁企业
franchise(businesses);chainbusinesses
良性循环
virtuous cycle
两极分化
growingine disparity;polarizationin ine distribution
零售物价指数
retailpriceindex(RPI)
流动性比例
liquidityratio
流动资产周转率/流通速度
velocityof liquidassets
流动资金贷款
workingcapitalloans
流通体制
distribution system
流通网络
distribution network
留购(租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物)
hirepurchase
垄断行业
monopolizedindustry(sector)
乱集资
irregular(illegal)fundraising
乱收费
irregular(illegal)charges
乱摊派
unjustified(arbitrary)levies
M
买方市场
buyer'smarket
卖方市场
seller’smarket
卖出回购证券
matchedsale ofrepo
贸易差额
trade balance
民间信用
non-institutionalizedcredit
免二减三
exemptionofinetaxforthefirsttwoyearsofmakingprofitand50%taxreduction for thefollowingthreeyears
明补
explicitsubsidy
明亏
explicitloss
名牌产品
brandproducts
母国(请见“东道国”)
homecountry
N
内部控制
internalcontrol
内部审计
internalaudit
内地与香港
themainlandand Hong Kong
内债
domesticdebt
扭亏为盈
toturn aloss-making enterpriseinto aprofitableone
扭曲金融分配
distortedallocationof financial resources
农副产品采购支出
outlaysforagriculturalprocurement
农村信用社
rural creditcooperatives(RCCs)
P
泡沫效应
bubble effect
泡沫经济
bubble economy
培育新得经济增长点
totapnewsourcesofeconomicgrowth
片面追求发展速度
excessivepursu