中考英语时事专练《热点22 人居环境的和谐与共进解析版》.docx
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中考英语时事专练《热点22人居环境的和谐与共进解析版》
备战2021年中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练
热点22人居环境的和谐与共进
一、阅读理解
1
TheBairdfamily’shousehasakitchen,alivingroom,abathroom,andthreebedrooms.It’sbigenoughforthefamilyoffive:
parentsWilliamandLaura,9-year-oldtwins（双胞胎）JasmineandJessica,and5-year-oldEvan.There’sevenroomfortheirthreecatsandadog.Thatdoesn’tsoundunusual,doesit?
Butthehomeistypical.Atjust40feetlong,thewholehouseisaboutthelengthofaschoolbus!
Andit’sonly12feetwide.It’saboutfourtimessmallerthantheirlasthouse.TheBairdsmovedintotheirsmallhouseinMyrtleBeach,SouthCarolina,inthesummerof2014.Andtheyaren’ttheonlyoneslivingsmall.Inrecentyears,smallhouseshavebecomemorepopularacrosstheUS.
TheBairds’houseisactuallymuchbiggerthanmanyothersmallhomes.Mostarelessthanhalfitssize.Likemanyfamilieswhohavemadethechange,theBairdssaytheywanttohelptheplanet.
“Wethinkalotmoreaboutwhatwe’redoingandhowwe’reinfluencing（影响）theenvironment,”saysWilliam.
Howcansmallhouseshaveabiginfluenceontheenvironment?
Foronething,buildingthemrequires（需要）lesswoodthanbiggerhomesdo.
“Youdon’thavetocutdownasmanytreestobuildit,”Jessicasays.
Smallhomesalsouselessofothernaturalresources（资源）,likeoil.BecausetheBairds’houseissosmall,itdoesn’ttakemuchfuel（燃料）toheatitinwinter.
1.HowmanypetsdotheBairdskeep?
A.2.B.3.C.4.
2.TheBairds’lasthousewas________.
A.assmallasthisoneB.muchbiggerthanthisoneC.inthecitycentre
3.WhydotheBairdschoosetoliveinasmallhouse?
A.Tosavemoney.B.Togetclosetonature.C.Toprotecttheenvironment.
4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheBairds’presenthouse?
A.Theydon’theatitinwinter.
B.Itiscrowdedforthefamilyoffive.
C.Theybegantoliveinitaboutsevenyearsago.
5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Livingsmall
B.DifferenthousesinAmerica
C.Howtoprotecttheenvironment
【答案】1.C2.B3.C4.C5.A
【解析】短文讲述的是Baird一家跟许多美国人一样，越来越喜欢住小房子，因为住小房子有诸多好处，特别是能有效保护环境资源。
1.细节理解题。
根据“There’sevenroomfortheirthreecatsandadog.”可知Baird一家有三只猫，一只狗，一共四只宠物。
故选C。
2.细节理解题。
根据“Andit’sonly12feetwide.It’saboutfourtimessmallerthantheirlasthouse.”可知Baird一家现在这个房子比最后一个房子小四倍多，因此最后一个房子比这个大很多。
故选B。
3.推理判断题。
根据“Likemanyfamilieswhohavemadethechange,theBairdssaytheywanttohelptheplanet.”和““Wethinkalotmoreaboutwhatwe’redoingandhowwe’reinfluencing（影响）theenvironment,”saysWilliam.”可知Baird一家认为小房子对环境的影响小一些。
故选C。
4.细节理解题。
根据“TheBairdsmovedintotheirsmallhouseinMyrtleBeach,SouthCarolina,inthesummerof2014.”可知他们是在2014年搬到现在的房子的，也就是七年前。
故选C。
5.最佳标题题。
本文主要介绍了Baird一家喜欢住小房子，以及越来越多人喜欢小房子的原因，因此A选项符合。
故选A。
2
DearEvie,
Idonotlikeournewhouse.Iwishwe'dnevermovedtothistown.WhatamIsupposedtodoallsummerinthisstrangeplace?
Justsitaround?
Yourbestfriend,Kayla
P.S.Themovingtruckdoesn'tgethereuntiltomorrow.Wehavetosleeponthefloortonight.Mumsaysit'llbejustlikecamping,butIdidn'tbelievethat.
DearEvie,
Ilovedgettingyourletter!
NowI'llansweryourquestions.First,doIlikemynewroom?
No,Idon't.Sure,it'sbiggerthanmyoldone.Butthepeoplewholivedherebeforepaintedthewallsgreen.IfeellikeI'minsideahugecelerystalk（芹菜杆）!
MumsaysIcanchooseanewpaintcolour,butIwouldrather（宁愿）havemyoldroomback.Infact,Iwouldratherhavemyoldlifeback!
Yourseeing-greenbestfriend,Kayla
DearEvie,
Iforgottoanswerthesecondquestioninyourlastletter.Heregoes:
nootherkidsliveonmystreet.Atleast,Idon'tseeany.
Yourlonelybestfriend,Kayla
DearEvie,
Countmewrong!
Agirllivesinthebluehousenextdoor.HernameisCordelia.Cordelia'smumbroughtuschocolatecookiesyesterday.That'showImether.She'sOK,butIlikeyoubetter.
Yourcookie-eatingbestfriend,Kayla
P.S.Don'tyouthinkCordeliaisafunny-soundingname?
6.What'stherelationshipbetweenEvieandKayla?
A.Sisters.B.Friends.C.Neighbors.
7.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondletter?
A.Kaylamissesheroldroom.B.Kayla'snewroomisnotverybig.C.Kayladoesn'tlikeeatingcelerystalks.
8.WhatisprobablythesecondquestionEvieaskedKayla?
A.Doyouenjoyyournewlife?
B.Doanyotherkidsliveonyourstreet?
C.Whatdoyouthinkofyournewroom?
9.InwhichletterdidKaylamentionherneighbour?
A.Thefirstone.B.Thesecondone.C.Thefourthone.
10.WhichofthefollowingaboutCordeliaisTRUE?
A.Shethinkssleepingontheflooristerrible.B.Shedislikeschocolatecookies.C.Shelivesinabluehouse.
【答案】6.B7.A8.B9.C10.C
【解析】本文是几封信。
主要介绍了Kayla搬到新家之后的一些情况。
包括自己的房间，周围的邻居等。
6.细节理解题。
根据“Yourbestfriend,Kayla”可知，Kayla和Evie是好朋友。
故选B。
7.细节理解题。
根据“it'sbiggerthanmyoldone.Butthepeoplewholivedherebeforepaintedthewallsgreen.IfeellikeI'minsideahugecelerystalk!
MumsaysIcanchooseanewpaintcolour,butIwouldratherhavemyoldroomback.”可知，虽然Kayla的新房间很大，但是墙涂成了芹菜杆的绿色，Kayla很想念之前的房间和生活。
故选A。
8.细节理解题。
根据“Iforgottoanswerthesecondquestioninyourlastletter.Heregoes:
nootherkidsliveonmystreet.”可知，Evie可能问她住的那条街有没有孩子。
故选B。
9.细节理解题。
根据第四封信中“Agirllivesinthebluehousenextdoor.”可知，在Kayla的第四封信中提到了邻居给她家送饼干。
故选C。
10.细节理解题。
根据“Agirllivesinthebluehousenextdoor.HernameisCordelia.”可知，Cordelia住在蓝房子里。
故选C。
3
Whatisabackyard?
ManyChinesepeoplehaveneverseenone.IntheUS,however,thebackyardisanimportantpartofmosthomes.WhenanAmericanbuysahouse,heorsheisalsobuyingthesmallspace（空间）oflandaroundit.Sometimesthere'saspaceinfront,calledafrontyard（院子）,oraspaceinback,calledabackyard.Whicheveritis,owningayardshowsthatmanyAmericansarelivingagoodlife.
Sowhatdopeopledowiththeirbackyards?
Someuseittostartagardenwithgrassandflowers.Othersuseittohavepartiesorbarbecues.ApopularsightinanAmericanbackyardisabarbecuewithhotdogsandburgers.Forothers,theirdogspendsmostofitstimeinthebackyard.Theremayevenbeadoghousethere.
Butmaybethemostcommonuseofabackyardisasaplaceforchildrentoplay.Manybackyardshaveatreewithaswing（秋千）,oratreehouse.Childrencanplaygamesthere,suchashideandseek.Forlittlekids,thebackyardcanbeaparadise（天堂）.
11.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatshowsthatanAmericanislivingagoodlife?
A.Havingayard.B.Havingonechild.
C.Owningasmallhouse.D.Livinginthecountryside.
12.AmericansdomanythingsintheirbackyardsEXCEPT________.
A.plantgrassandflowersB.makeaplaygroundforchildren
C.puttheircarsthereD.havebarbecueparties
13.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?
A.AhousewithayardischeapintheUS.
B.Thebackyardisagoodplaceforkidstoplay.
C.Backyardsaremoreuseless（无用的）thanfrontyards.
D.HousesdonothavebackyardsinChina.
14.Thestorymainlytalksabout________.
A.thehistoryofbackyardsintheUS
B.thedifferencesbetweenbackyardsandfrontyards
C.howtostartagardeninyouryard
D.whatAmericansusetheirbackyardstodo
【答案】11.A12.C13.B14.D
【解析】本文主要介绍了很多美国家庭的房屋都带有院子以及他们如何利用后院的。
11.细节理解题。
根据第一段最后一句“Whicheveritis,owningayardshowsthatmanyAmericansarelivingagoodlife.”可知无论是前院还是后院，拥有一个院子表明美国人生活得很好。
故选A。
12.细节理解题。
根据第二段中“Someuseittostartagardenwithgrassandflowers.Othersuseittohavepartiesorbarbecues.”和第三段开头“Butmaybethemostcommonuseofabackyardisasaplaceforchildrentoplay.”可知，美国人把后院当花园，还会办聚会或进行烧烤，也可以把后院作为孩子们玩耍的地方，文中并未提到在后院停车。
故选C。
13.判断推理题。
根据最后一段的内容，尤其是最后一句“Forlittlekids,thebackyardcanbeaparadise（天堂）.”可知后院对于小孩子而言就是天堂，可推断出后院是孩子们玩耍的好地方。
故选B。
14.主旨大意题。
文章从美国人房屋中院子的重要性展开介绍，接下来具体说明了美国人如何利用后院的。
故选D。
4
BillGateshasanicehouseonahillbyLakeWashington.Insidethehousetherearesevenbedrooms,24bathrooms,sixkitchensandsixfireplaces.Itevenhasatheatre,alibrary,anexerciseroomandaswimmingpool.Youcansaythehouseisverybig.However,itdoesn'tlooksobig,becausealargepartofitisinthehill.
Thehouseisfamousformanyreasons.Oneisitslargesize,andanotherisitsamazingelectronicsystems（电子系统）.Beforeavisitorgoesintothehouse,he/shegetsachip（芯片）atthegate.Thechipsendsinformationaboutthevisitortotheelectronicsystemsinthehouse.Whenthevisitorgoesintothehouse,lightsareonautomatically（自动地）.Whenthevisitorgoesintoaroom,thetemperature（温度）willchangetomakethevisitorcomfortable.Whenthevisitorgoesfromoneroomtoanother,he/shecanhearmusic.
BillCatesbegantobuildhishousein1990.Ittookhimabout7yearstobuildit.BillGates'houseiswonderful,isn'tit?
15.BillGateshousedoesn'tlookverybigbecause.
A.thehouseisinaforestB.thehouseisverymodern
C.thehouseisverysmallD.alargepartofthehouseisinthehills
16.BillGates'houseisveryfamous.Thewritergivesreasons
A.oneB.twoC.fourD.five
17.Whatwillthewritergetbeforehegoesintothehouse?
A.Hewillgetamapofthehouse.B.Hewillgetanelectronicsystem.
C.Hewillgetachip.D.Hewillgetacard.
18.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.BillGates'dreamhomeB.BillGates'house
C.BillGatesandhishouseD.BillGates'family
【答案】15.D16.B17.C18.B
【解析】本文介绍了比尔·盖茨的房子布局以及它出名的原因。
15.细节理解题。
根据“Youcansaythehouseisverybig.However,itdoesn'tlooksobig,becausealargepartofitisinthehill”可知，房子看起来并不是那么大，因为它的大部分都在山上，故选D。
16.细节理解题。
根据“Oneisitslargesize,andanotherisitsamazingelectronicsystems”可知，文中给出两点房子出名的原因，故选B。
17.细节理解题。
根据“Beforeavisitorgoesintothehouse,he/shegetsachip（芯片）a
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