牛津版 高一下Unite6同步知识点.docx
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牛津版高一下Unite6同步知识点
知识点一(Unit6重点词汇运用)
Reading
1.commercial(n.&adj.)广告;商业的,商务的
TVcommercial=TVadvertisements
commercialschool商学院
commercialdepression商业萧条
Note:
advertisement指报纸,广播,招贴等宣传方式介绍或者文娱体育广告
commercial指电视广播节目中播出的广告
2.late(adj.&adv.)
lateautumn晚秋
alatetrain晚班车
alatechairman已故的主席
Youhavecomelate.
Theknowledgeofmarketingisdealtwithinalaterchapter.
latest(adj.)
alatestinvention________________
AngLee’slatestfilm_____________
3.target(n.&vt.)目标,对象,靶子n.瞄准vt.
ontarget命中目标ant.offtarget偏离目标
becomeaeasytargetforsth./sb.容易成为某物或某人的目标
Thechildrenbecamethetargetfortheirfather'saggressiveoutbursts.
becomethetargetofsth.(scorn,derision,spite)成为……的对象或目标(轻蔑,嘲笑,怨恨)
achieve/meet/reachthetarget达到目标
targetat…以……为目标
betargetedfor指标定为
Steelproductionwastargetedfor60,000tonslastyear.
4.consume(vt.)用尽,消耗,消费;蚕食
consumeone’senergy________________
consumeone’sfortune_______________
Hisoldcarconsumedmuchgasoline.
consumption(n.)消费,消费量
Thenation'sconsumptionofcoaldecreasedcontinuouslylastyear.
consumer消费者
consuming(adj.)占有的,耗费的,
time-consuming费时的
energy-consuming耗体力的
Startinganewbusiness,howeversmall,isatime-consumingexercise.
5.estimate(v.&n.)预估,估计
estimate…tobe…估计……是……
Itisestimatedthat…据估计……
givesb.aroughestimateofsth.给某人粗略的估算
Weestimatethecosttobe5000dollars
Itwasestimatedthatthehurricanecausedabout300millionpounds’worthofdamage.
Canyougivemearoughestimateofthecost?
underestimatev.s.overestimate
6.identify(v.)识别,认同
identifysbas…确认﹑证明某人[某事物];鉴别出(系某人或某物)
identifyAwithB认为某事物与另事物等同
identifywithsb./sth.对…有认同感
Thepolicemanidentifiedhimasthethief.
Mostviewersidentifywiththeheroofthefilm.
identification(n.)辨认,鉴定
IDcard_________________
7.earn(v.)赢得,挣钱
earna/one’sliving=makea/one’sliving
earnagoodreputation/one’srespect
earnsbsth为某人赢得/博得
Hissuccessearnedhimrespect.
Hisgrandfatherusedtoearnhislivingbyfishing.
8.部分否定结构:
Noteveryoneishappytoseethisplancarriedout.
Everyoneisnothappytoseethisplancarriedout.
NotallstudentsarecleverenoughtodowellinEnglish.
AllstudentsarenotcleverenoughtodowellinEnglish.
完全否定:
Althoughtheseweregoodstudents,nonehadascoreabove60.
Notbothofusagreewithyou.
Bothofusaren’tagreewithyou
Neitherofthemcancook.
9.takeaction/measures/steps采取措施
10.authority(n.)
(U)权力,威信
TheUnitedNationshasuseditsauthoritytorestorepeaceinthearea.
(C)[多用于复数]当局,官方
localauthorities
governmentauthorities
11.ban(v.&n.)禁止
bansth.=forbidsth.____________
bansb.fromdoingsth.=forbidsb.todosth._______________
Thetreatybansallnucleartests.
Theauthoritiesbannedvisitorsfromtakingphotosinthemuseum.
12.beinferiorto次于
feelinferior感到自卑,低下
Ericissuchaneasy-goingteacherandhenevermakeshisstudentsfeelinferior.
13.withreferencetosth./regardingsth./with(in)regardtosth.关于某事
Withreferencetoyourorderof100chairs,I’mhappytoinformyouthatdeliverywilltakeplacenextweek.
referto参考,提及,描绘
Iwasn’treferringtoyouwhenIsaidsomeonewasstupid.
Healwaysreferstothehouseashis"refuge".
HereferredtoahistorybooktofindoutthedatesoftheFrenchRevolution.
14.disagree(v.)
disagreewithsb.
disagreewithwhatsb.say
disagreewithone’sopinion
sth.disagreewithsth.与…不符,不一致
sth.disagreewithsb.(食物,气候)不宜,使某人不舒服
I’msorrytodisagreewithyouabouttheplan.
Indiandishesdisagreewithme.
Whathesaysdisagreeswithwhathedoes.
disagreement(n.)
disagreeable(adj.)=unpleasant
reachanagreement达成一致
indisagreementwith和…不一致
anagreeablevoice舒服的声音
disagreeableweather坏天气
ItwasreallyadisagreeableexperiencetobelookeduponbymybosswhenIwasinJapan.
Wedisagreewitheachotherovertheproblem.
Weareintotaldisagreementwitheachotherovertheproblem
15.vary(v.)变化,不同
varyfromAtoB改变,变动,变化=rangefromAtoB
Opinionsvaryfrompersontoperson.观点因人而异
various(adj.)不同的,各异的
variety(n.)品种,种类
avarietyofsth.各式各样的……
MoreReading
1.manage(vt.)
(1)经营,管理[=run]
manageahouse/money/abusiness
(2)设法做到
managetodosth.=succeedindoing=beabletodosth.成功做到某事
Inspiteofallthechallenges,hemanagedtoenterhisdreamuniversity.
(3)应对[通常与can/could连用]
Peter:
Doyouneedanyhelp?
Eric:
No,thanks.Icanmanage.
management(n.)管理
manager(n.)管理者,经理
salesmanager销售经理
departmentmanger部门经理
generalmanager总经理
2.gobackto+place回去,回到
*gobackhome/there
gobackto+time追溯
=datefrom=datebackto(无被动)
Theancienttowergoesbacktothe3rdcenturyB.C.
3.association协会,联合,联盟
NBA=NationalBasketballAssociation美职篮
associate(vt)联合;联系
associateAwithB把A与B联系起来
WhiskyisusuallyassociatedwithScotland.
*associatewithsb(vi)与…打交道
Iobjecttomysonassociatingwithsuchpeople.
4.sponsor(vt)赞助,主办
agovernment-sponsoredproject政府扶持的工程
sponsortheorphan资助孤儿
asponsoredwalk募捐性质的步行
ChenKunhasparticipatedinasponsoredwalksince2010.
(n)赞助人
Unlesshecanfindasponsorhe'llbeforcedtoretirefromathletics.
5.bankersacross=throughouttheUSA全美国的银行家[仅需了解,不做重点要求。
]
acrossprep(介词后面有名词)穿过;在…对面
walk/goacrosstheroad/thebridge走过……
liveacrossthestreet住在街对面
swimacrosstheriver游到河对岸
Theriveris10metersacross/wide.(宽度10米)
getsthacross(tosb)被理解,讲清楚
*TheentertainerfoundithardtogethisChinesehumoracrosstotheEuropeanaudience.(背)
cross---vt交叉,交错
crossone’slegs/arms/fingers
6.secondary(adj.)(教育、学校等)中等的
AbesecondtoBinsthA在某方面仅次于B
名列前茅/不比任何人差besecondtonone
RumorhasitthatZhangSiyuanissecondtononeinphysics.
7.handle(vt/vi/n)
vt用手抓
Youarenotsupposedtohandlefoodwithsuchdirtyhands.
vt处理,对付
同意词组:
dealwith=copewith=settle=tackle
handleaproblem/adifficultsituation/money
vihandlewithcare小心轻放
n把手,柄fixahandleonthedoor修理门把手
8.average(adj.)中等的,平等的,平均的
*常放在名词前做定语
theaveragetemperature平均气温
anaveragestudent普通学生
n.平均,平均数
[well]above/belowaverage远远地高出、低于平均水平
on(the)average,句子平均说来
9.savings(pl)储蓄金,存款
openasavingsaccountinabank在银行开储蓄账户
asavingsbank储蓄所
life-savingmedicine救命的药
labor-savingmachine省力的机器
Apennysavedisapennyearned.[谚语]省一文赚一文。
save(vt.)
saveone’slife救某人的命
savemoneyforrainydays未雨绸缪
savewaterandelectricity节约水电
savesthforsb/sth为了某人或某物保留……
saveone’sbreath别白费口舌
Saveyourstrengthforhardworkyouwillhavetodolater.
留点儿劲儿,待会儿你还得干重活呢。
Saveyourbreath;youwillneverpersuadeher.
10.Mostyoungpeopletypicallyspendmoneyasfastastheycan.大多数青年花钱如流水.
…as+adj./adv.(原形)+aspossible=…as+adj./adv.+assbcan
Languageteachersmustexposethestudentstothetargetlanguageasoftenaspossible.(背)
Moneydoesn’tgrowontrees.[谚语]挣钱不容易
11.habit(n.)习惯
sbhavethehabitofdoing=sbbeinthehabitofdoingsth某人有做某事的习惯
sbform/develop/cultivateagoodhabitofdoingsth某人养成做某事的良好习惯
sbfall/getintothehabitofdoingsth染上了…的恶习
sbgetridof=kickthebadhabitofdoing摒弃/改掉…的坏习惯
Habitissecondnature.习惯成自然.(不用冠词)
12.decide(vt.)---decision(n.)---decisive(adj.)
decidetodosth
thedecisivemoment决定性的时刻
Ithasbeendecidedthat….某事已经定下来
Ithasnotbeendecidedwh-…某事悬而未决
*cometo/arriveat/make/reachadecisiontodosth达成做某事的决定
decision-makingprocess做决定的过程
decisionmaker决策者
Mymumisthedecisionmakerinourfamily.
13.budget
n.[C]预算;预算费;生活费,经费[(+for)]
thebudgetfornationaldefense国防预算
及物动词vt.把...编入预算;按照预算来计划
Ourschoolbudgetedonemilliondollarsforanewlibrary.
14.explain(vt.)解释
*explainsthtosb=explaintosbsth
*explain(tosb)that/wh-…解释;说明;
*Canyouexplainhowthemachineoperates?
(how引导的宾语从句充当了宾语)
explanation(n)[注意拼写]
15.balance(n.&vt.)
balancethebudget平衡预算
keep/upset/destroy/disturbthebalanceof__/__nature
keepthebalancebetweenworkandplay=combineworkwithrecreation劳逸结合
abalanceddiet均衡的饮食
16.Itishardformetounderstandtheirfamily’sshoppingandhouseholdexpensesaswell.
and….aswell---adv
Jacklikesfootballandplayingtheguitaraswell.
doingAaswellasdoingB
todoAaswellastodoB
didAaswellasdidB对称原则
AaswellasB做主语,动词形式A决定
17.interest(n.)兴趣;利益;利息
sbhave/show/take(no/little;great)interestinsth
sbbe/becomeinterestedinsth
(v.)sthinterestsb
18.value
n.价值,重要性,价格
sthbeofgreat/little/novaluetosb=sthbeveryvaluable
vt重视,尊重
valueyouradvice/ourfriendship重视你的建议/我们的友谊
vt.估价
value/estimatesth.atcertainprice
19.Thisiswhatsthbeallabout这就是……的真谛(本质)
Thisiswhatlifeisallabout.这就是生活的真谛。
知识点二(宾语从句)
思维导图
重难点讲解
重难点一:
名词性从句定义及种类:
1.什么是名词性从句?
名词性从句分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。
在整个句子中所起的作用相当于一个名词。
因此,这四种从句通称为名词性从句。
2.引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:
连接词:
that,whether,if(都不充当从句的任何成分)
连接代词:
what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever
连接副词:
when,where,how,why
3.例句说明:
1.Whenwewillstartisnotclear. 主语从句
2.MrsBlackwon’tbelievethathersonhasbecomeathief.宾语从句
3.Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow.表语从句
4.Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.同位语从句
重难点二:
名词性分类讲解:
(一)、主语从句:
1.主语从句的定义:
主语从句在句中做主语。
它可以放在主句谓语动词之前,但多数情况下由it作形式主语,而把主语从句放在主句之后。
2.主语从句的连词:
连词:
that,whether连接代词:
who,what,which连接副词:
when,where,how,why等。
3.主语从句的例句:
(1)Thatshewasabletocomemadeusveryhappy.
(2)Whethershewillcomeornotisst