高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day 23.docx
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高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day23
高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day23
Passage1
Duringtheperiodfrom1660through1800,GreatBritainbecametheworld’sleader.Languageitselfbecamesubmittedtorulesduringthisperiod.ThisneedtofixtheEnglishlanguageisbestillustrated(描述)inthemakingofTheDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagebySamuelJohnson.GuidestotheEnglishlanguagehadbeeninexistencebeforeJohnsonbeganhisprojectin1746.These,however,wereoftenlittlemorethanlistsofhardwords.Whendefinitionsofcommonwordsweresupplied,theywereoftenunhelpful.Forexample,a“horse”wasdefinedinanearlydictionaryas“abeastwellknown”.
Johnsonchangedallthat,butthetaskwasnotaneasyone.Rentingahouseat17GoughSquare,Johnsonbeganworkingintheworstofconditions.Supportedonlybyhispublisher,JohnsonworkedontheDictionarywithfiveassistants.ComparedtotheFrenchAcademy’sdictionary,whichtookfortyworkersfifty-fiveyearstocomplete(1639-1694),Johnson’sdictionarywascompletedbyveryfewpeopleveryquickly.
Balancedonachairwithonlythreelegs,Johnsonsatagainstawallinaroomfilledwithbooks.Johnsonwouldreadwidelyfromthesebooks,markpassagesillustratingtheuseofaparticularword,andgivethebookstohisassistantssothattheycouldcopythepassagesonslipsofpaper.TheseslipswerethenstucktoeightylargenotebooksunderthekeywordsthatJohnsonhadselected.Fixingthewordbythismethod,Johnsoncouldrecordaword,susageanditsdefinition.
Howmanypassageswereused?
AccordingtoJohnson’smodernbiographerWalterJacksonBate,theoriginaltotalnumbercouldhavebeenover240,000.Howmanywordsweredefinedbythelexicographer?
Over40,000wordsappearedintwolargebooksinAprilof1755.DidJohnsonfullyunderstandthehugetaskhewasundertakingwhenhebegan?
AshetoldhiscontemporarybiographerJamesBoswell,“IknewverywellwhatIwasundertakingandverywellhowtodoit—andhavedoneitverywell.”
1.WhatistheproblemofearlyEnglishdictionaries?
A.Theyonlyoffersimplepictures.
B.Theylistjustafewforeignwords.
C.Theysimplygivesometranslations.
D.Theyaddnomorethansomebigwords.
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“lexicographer”inparagraph4referto?
A.Apublisher.B.Abiographer.
C.Amakerofdictionaries.D.Anassistant.
3.WhatcanweinferaboutSamuelJohnsonfromthetext?
A.HestandardizedEnglish.
B.Hecaredaboutauthorityalot.
C.Hegainedmuchfinancialsupport.
D.Hecomplainedofworkingconditions.
4.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?
A.Todiscusstheproblemsofdictionaries.
B.Toencouragepeopletoworkonaproject.
C.Topersuadepeopletobuythenewdictionary.
D.TointroducehowJohnsoncompletehisdictionary.
Passage2
“Don’tanswerit,”IsaidtoSam.Ourdoorintheinnercityisconstantlyknockedon;ourpreviousdoorinthesuburbsrarelyso.Samhasafull-timejobandcannotspendhisdaysansweringrequeststofixleakingbathsorcarrycashtothebank.
SamopenedthedooranditwasMervin.
“There’sabirdonthesecondfloor,”hesaid.“It’sintrouble.”
SamfollowedMervinupstairs.MervinpointedandturnedtoletSamlook.Itwasapigeon,themostcommonofallbirds,thebirdmostlikelytofoul(弄脏)yournewlywashedcar.And
itwasn’tflyingaway.Itwasstampingincircles.AsSambenttolook,Mervincoughed,“Numbertwo.”
Samaskedhimtorepeatthat.“Numbertwo,”Mervinsaid."Thepigeonhasbeensittinginhisownnumbertwo,andnowit’sstucktohisfoot.”
Ithadrainedforfivedays,andthebirdwasyoung.Itcouldhavebeenshelteringinawetnestofitsownwaste,whichhadthendriedonitsfoot,preventingitfromflyingaway.Thepigeonmovedinafewmorecircles.Sambenttotakeanotherlook.Mervinsaid,“Allright,then.”andwalkedaway.
“Whydoeseveryonethinkyoumustsolvetheproblemsaroundhere?
”IsaidtoSamwhenhereturnedwithhisstory.“It’sabird.Justleaveitonthestairs,andletnaturetakeitscourse.”Samdidn’tagree.Thenhewenttothegarageandemptiedthecardboardboxcontainingourimportedcampingmats.Hereturnedwiththegraypigeoninthebox.Heshowedthebirdtoourchildrenandtheydecidedtokeepit.
Theyputitsfootinthewarmwaterbathandgotridofitswaste.Immediatelythepigeoneruptedinabomboffeathersandbeganflying.
1.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheknocks?
A.Shefeltbored.B.Shewasfrightened.
C.Shegotexcited.D.Shewassurprised.
2.Whywasthepigeonmovingincircles?
A.Itwaslearningtofly.
B.Itwasbadlyinjured.
C.Itgotcaughtintherain.
D.Itwastrappedbyitswaste.
3.WhatdidSamusethecardboardboxtodo?
A.Shelterfromrain.
B.GiveittoMervin.
C.Washcampingmats.
D.Makeanestforthebird.
4.WhatcanwelearnaboutSamfromthetext?
A.Hewasbrave.B.Hewasclever.
C.Hewaswarm-hearted.D.Hewaseasy-going.
Passage3
VancouverTours
VancouverStanleyParkTour
IfyouwanttoseethemajorsightsinVancouverandcomehomewithamazingphotographs,this3-hourphotographytouristhewaytogo.WalkthroughVancouver’stopsightseeinglocations;getguidanceonphotographybasicsandfindthebestspotstophotographthecity.FromStanleyPark’stotempolesandold-growthtreestothemostpopularbeachesanddiningspots,youleavewithbeautifulmementosofthecity.
HistoricalChinatownWalkingTour
ExplorethecolorfulpastofCanada’soldestChinatown,inVictoria,BritishColumbia.Thisguidedwalkingtourwillleadyouthroughthestreetsandstoriedalliesofthehistoricneighborhood,asyourguidetellsyoutheinteresting,sometimessadtalesofthepeoplewhohelpedbuildthecityandshapeCanadaaswellasmodemChina.
SmallGroupSeatoSkyTour
TheSeatoSkyHighwayisoneoftheworld’smostbeautifulandcelebratedroadways.Youdon’thavetotakeyoureyesoffthesceneryonthissmallgrouptourbecausesomeoneelseisdoingthedriving.TourstopsincludeashorthiketoimpressiveShannonFalls,thegorgeousSeatoSkygondola,andaward-winningBritanniaMineMuseum.
EagleViewingRiverFloatTour
Dresswarmlyunderablanketwithacupofhotchocolateforawinterfloatontheriver.Theareaisthewinterhabitatofbaldeagles,andthistripgivesyoutheopportunitytolearnaboutthebirdsasyoufloatthroughtheirarea.Aftertheboatride,returntodrylandjustintimeforafree,heartymealbeforeheadingbacktoVancouver.
1.Inwhichtourwillyougetinstructioninphoto-taking?
A.SmallGroupSeatoSkyTour.
B.VancouverStanleyParkTour.
C.EagleViewingRiverFloatTour.
D.HistoricalChinatownWalkingTour.
2.WhatwillyoudoontheChinatownWalkingTour?
A.BuildmodernChina.B.Tellinterestingstories.
C.Learnaboutitshistory.D.Enjoyboatsightseeing.
3.WhichofthefollowingdoestheEagleViewingRiverFloatTourprovide?
A.Afreeeaglehunt.B.Afreeandheartymeal.
C.Ahikeinthewoods.D.Acupofblackcoffee.
Passage4
TheMalteseIslandsarerichinNeolithic(新石器时代的)sites.GgantijainGozo,Tarxien,andtheHagarQim/MnajdraComplexhereonMalta'ssouthcoastareperhapsthemostwell-known.Thesepilesofstonesaresomeoftheearliestknownmanmadestructuresintheworld.Theyareshowingtheirageabitbutwhatwouldyouexpectforbuildingsthatarefiveandahalfthousandyearsold.Myhousewasbuiltintheyear2000andisalreadyinbadconditionroundtheedges.Thesetemplesareolderthanthepyramids!
Inmyopinionthetemplesarebestseenafterthevisitorshaveleft.ComewithmeforalateafternoonwalkdownthehillpastHagarQimtowardstheMnajdraComplex.TherearechainlinkfencesaroundthetemplesnowbutwecanignorethoseandtrytoimagewhyMaltasearliestpeoplewenttothetroubleofbuildingthesestructuresonthiswindyandpoorhillside.
Ofcoursethetempleswouldhavelookedratherdifferentwhentheywereconstructed.Theymayhavebeendecoratedwithpigmentsandpossiblyevenroofedwithanimalskinsorothermaterials.Whoknows?
Wedoknowthattheywerechangedandaddedtoovera1,000-yearperiodorso.
GettingtoMnajdraandHagarQimiseasiestifyouhaveacar.Orifyoudon'tmindahike,youcouldgetabustoQrendi(3kmaway)orZurrieq(5kmaway)andwalkfromthere.Warning:
althoughthedistancesarenottoogreat,walkingseveralkilometersintheMaltesesuncanbeveryhardandpossiblydangerous.Takewaterandsunscreen.
1.Whatmakesthewriterwonderaboutthetemples?
________
A.Theirhistory.
B.Theirappearance.
C.Howtheywerebuilt.
D.Whentheywerebuilt.
2.Whatareweawareofabouttheconstructionofthetemples?
________
A.Theyhavebeentransformed.
B.Theylookthesameasbefore.
C.Theywerecarefullydesigned.
D.Theyarenotwhattheyusedtobe.
3.Howcanweadmirethesitesgettingleastsunburn?
________
A.Byhikingthere.B.Byridingacar.
C.Bytakingwater.D.Bytakingabus.
4.Wherecanwepossiblyfindthisarticle?
________
A.Inapoliticalspeech.
B.Inahistoricalfiction.
C.Inatravelmagazine.
D.Inageographytextbook.
Passage5
Beesplayavitalroleintheworld.Unfortunately,beesaredyingbythesecond.
Themainpurposeofbeesistomakehoney.Honey,shockingly,doesnotexistforhumanconsumption,itisessentialtotheinsects.Honeybeesstorehoneyintheirhives(蜂巢)inorderforthebeestohaveenergyfortheirflightmusclesandforheatingthehiveduringthewinterperiod.Theycollectpollen(花粉)whichsuppliesproteinforyoungbeestogrow.
AccordingtoH,theincreasedproductionandqualityofagriculturalcropsasaresultofhoneybeepollinationisvaluedatmorethan