届高考英语译林版一轮复习练习必修3 2 Unit 2知能演练轻松闯关.docx
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届高考英语译林版一轮复习练习必修32Unit2知能演练轻松闯关
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
阅读理解
A
（2018·福州毕业班适应性练习）Knownas“TheManwiththeGoldenArm”，nearlyeveryweekforthepast60years，JamesHarrisonhasdonatedbloodplasma（血浆）fromhisrightarm.Thereasonscandatebacktoaseriousmedicalprocedure.
“WhenIwas14，Ihadachestoperation，”recallsHarrison，whoisnowaged80.“MyfathersaidIhadreceived13unitsofbloodandmylifehadbeensavedbyunknownpeople.SoIsaidwhenI’moldenough，I’llbecomeablooddonor.”
SoonafterHarrisonbecameadonor，doctorscalledhimin.Hisblood，theysaid，couldbetheanswertoadeadlyproblem.
“InAustralia，upuntilabout1967，therewereaboutthousandsofbabiesdyingeachyearbecauseoftherhesusdisease（恒河猴溶血病），”explainsJemmaFalkenmire，oftheAustralianRedCrossBloodService.
Harrisonwasdiscoveredtohaveanunusualantibody（抗体）inhisbloodandinthe1960sheworkedwithdoctorstousetheantibodiestodevelopaninjection（注射）calledAnti Dwhichcanpreventthisdisease.
Harrison’sbloodisprecious.EverybatchofAntiDthathaseverbeenmadeinAustraliahascomefromHarrison’sblood.HeandAntiDarecreditedwithsavingthelivesofmorethan2millionbabies，accordingtotheAustralianRedCrossBloodService：
That’sabout2millionlivessavedbyoneman’sblood.
Harrisonisconsideredanationalhero，andhaswonnumerousawards.Hehasnowdonatedhisplasmamorethan1，000times，butnomatterhowmanytimeshe’sgivenbloodthere’sonethingthatwillneverchange：
“Ilookattheceilingorthenurses，maybetalktothemabit,butneveroncehaveIwatchedtheneedlegoinmyarm.Ican’tstandthesightofblood，andIcan’tstandpain，”hesays.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了JamesHarrison用自己的血液挽救了超过两百万名婴儿生命的故事。
1．WhatwasthemainreasonforHarrison’sbecomingablooddonor?
A．Hehasagoldenarm.
B．Hehaspreciousbloodplasma.
C．Hisfatherencouragedhimtohelpothers.
D．Donatedbloodoncemadehimsurvive.
D 解析：
细节理解题。
根据第二段的“MyfathersaidIhadreceived13unitsofbloodandmylifehadbeensavedbyunknownpeople.SoIsaidwhenI’moldenough，I’llbecomeablooddonor.”可知，Harrison知道他的生命是被不相识的人救的，所以长大后要做一个献血者。
故D项正确。
2．WhyisJames’bloodprecious?
A．JameshastheAntiDinhisblood.
B．Hisbloodismoreusefulintreatingtherhesusdisease.
C．James’bloodisthemainsourceofAntiDinAustralia.
D．Jameshasdonatedmoreplasmathanotherdonators.
C 解析：
细节理解题。
根据第六段第一、二句可知，Harrison的血液宝贵的原因是他的血液是澳大利亚Anti D的主要来源，故C项正确。
3．HowdoesHarrisonfeelwhendonatinghisplasma?
A．Nervous. B．Relaxed.
C．Anxious.D．Excited.
A 解析：
推理判断题。
根据最后一段中的“Ilookattheceilingorthenurses，maybetalktothemabit,butneveroncehaveIwatchedtheneedlegoinmyarm.”可知，在献血时他看着天花板或者护士，也许跟护士聊一聊，但从来不看针扎进手臂。
据此可以判断，他在献血时很紧张，故A项正确。
B
（2018·江西赣中南五校联考）BeforeIstudiedpsychology，Iusedtothinkthatpeoplewouldlaughwhenfunnythingsoccurred.WhileIwasrightaboutthat，Idiscoveredtherearelotsofotherpsychologicalfactorsthatmakepeoplelaughotherthanthefunnypartofajoke.Whensomeonelaughsatajoke，therewillusuallybemorethanonereasonthatmakeshimlaugh—andthemorereasonsthereare，themorepowerfulthejokewillbe.
IwasattendingastandupcomedyshowinEgypt，andwhenthemanstartedtomakefunofpedestrianscrossingstreets，everyonelaughedtheirheadsoff.Themainreasonwhythosepeoplestronglylaughedwasthatalmostallofthemfeltangrytowardspedestrianswhocrossedstreetscarelessly.Thejokewasn’tonlyfunny，butitalsomadetheaudiencefeelthattheywererightaboutbeingangryatthosepedestrians.Thatis,peoplewerelaughingbothbecauseofthefunnyjokeandbecauseofthehappinessexperiencedasaresultofthepsychologicalsupporttheygot.
Thebetterajokemakesapersonfeel，andthemoreitincludesotherpsychologicalfactors，themorethepersonwilllikeit.Forexample，ifyouenvyoneofyourfriends，andsomeonetellsajokethatisfunnyand，atthesametime，makesyourfriendseemstupid，thenyouwillprobablylaughatitlouderthanifyouweren’tjealousofhim.
Inshort，wedon’tlaughonlywhenwehearsomethingfunny;wealsolaughwhenweexperiencesomekindofhappinessthatresultsfromtheotherpsychologicalfactorsinvolvedinthejoke.Istronglydiscourageyoufrommakingfunofanyoneorbelittlingsomeonetomakesomeoneelselaugh.AllIwanttoexplainisthatifyourjokesupportsaperson’semotions，hewillcertainlylikeitalot.
【解题导语】 本文主要分析了人们笑的原因。
4．Whatdidtheauthorfindoutafterstudyingpsychology?
A．Onlygoodjokesmakepeoplelaugh.
B．Manyfactorsleadtopeople’slaughing.
C．Funnythingscanmakepeoplelaugh.
D．Laughtercanmakepeoplehealthy.
B 解析：
细节理解题。
根据第一段第二句可知，作者在学了心理学之后发现，笑不仅仅是因为事情好笑，还有很多其他的心理因素的促成和影响，故选B。
5．Whydidtheaudiencelaughloudatthepedestrians?
A．Theyplayedatrickonthepedestrians.
B．Thepedestriansbehavedinafunnyway.
C．Theycouldfeelthepedestrians’happiness.
D．Theiremotionwasapprovedofbytheshow.
D 解析：
推理判断题。
根据第二段最后一句可推知，人们对行人的行为大笑的原因是他们在心理上产生了共鸣，故选D。
6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“belittling”probablymean?
A．Annoy. B．Blame.
C．Lookdownon.D．Makeupto.
C 解析：
词义猜测题。
根据最后一段倒数第二句可推知，动词belittle和短语makefunof是近义词，结合选项可知，应选C。
annoy“使恼怒”；blame“责怪”；lookdownon“蔑视，瞧不起”；makeupto“接近，奉承，补足”。
7．Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?
B 解析：
推理判断题。
结合全文可知，第一段导入话题；第二、三段通过具体事例进行分析；根据文章最后一段的开头“Inshort”可知，最后一段属于总结。
由此可知，本文属于总——分——总的结构，符合本文结构的图表是B选项。
C
（2018·福州毕业班适应性练习）NohumanhassetfootontheMoonsince1972.Now，aftermorethanfourdecadesofinactivity，interestinputtinghumansbackontheMoonisfinallyheatingupagain.Butwhowillgettherefirst?
CHINA
On14December2013，ChinasuccessfullylandeditsJadeRabbitrover（探测车）ontheMoon.Itisnowworkingonitsnextexplorationmission.NamedChang’e4，themissionisscheduledtotouchdownintheAitkenBasinneartheendof2018.Ifsuccessful，itwillbethefirstlandingontheMoon’sfarside.
RUSSIA
RussiaplansamannedMoonlandingin2030.ItiscurrentlyworkingonaprojectwhoseideaisthatthelanderswillexplorethesouthpoleoftheMoon，exploringforresourcessuchasmineralsandwatericetobeusedtoprovideforahumanoutpost（前哨站）．
INDIA
FollowingthesuccessofitsChandrayaan 1in2008，Indiaannouncedafollowonmission.Chandrayaan2wasmeanttocooperatewithRussia.ButwhentheRussiansfailedtodeliverthepromisedlanderin2013，Indiadecidedtogoitalone.Chandrayaan2isabouttobesentupin2018.
U．S.A.
InDecember2018，NASAplanstosenduptheExplorationMission1，anuncrewedtestoftheirOrionastronautcapsuleinwhichthecraftwillcirclearoundtheMoonbeforereturningtoEarth.Allbeingwell，acrewedcapsulewillfollowin2023.Shouldthemissionproveasuccess，theastronautswillbethefirsthumanstoseethefarsideoftheMoonwiththeirowneyessinceApollo17in1972.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国、俄罗斯、印度和美国的登月计划。
8．WhatwillChinadoinitsnextspacemission?
A．ImproveitsJadeRabbitrover.
B．Workwithothercountries.
C．LandChang’e4ontheMoon.
D．ExplorethesouthpoleoftheMoon.
C 解析：
细节理解题。
根据第二段第三句可知，嫦娥四号将在2018年底降落在月球AitkenBasin地区。
据此可知，中国的下一步空间计划是嫦娥四号登月，故C项正确。
9．WhydidIndiatrytocarryoutitsfollowonmissionalone?
A．Itcouldn’tfindapartner.
B．Itdidn’tgetthelanderasplanned.
C．TheRussiansrefusedtoworkwithIndia.
D．ItplannedtolaunchChandrayaan2inadvance.
B 解析：
细节理解题。
根据第四段第三句可知，由于俄罗斯没能给印度提供着陆器，因此印度决定自己实施登月计划，故B项正确。
10．WhichcountryisinterestedinresourcesontheMoon?
A．Russia. B．China.
C．India.D．U.S.A.
A 解析：
细节理解题。
根据第三段第二句可知，当前俄罗斯正启动一项工程，其思路是登陆器将探索月球的南极，寻找矿物质和水冰等资源以供人类前哨站使用。
故A项正确。
11．Whatcanweknowfromthetext?
A．RussiahasbuiltahumanoutpostontheMoon.
B．ChinawillbethefirsttoseethefarsideoftheMoon.
C．U.S.A.willsendacrewedcapsuletotheMooninthefuture.
D．HumanshavekeptactiveinexploringtheMoonsince1972.
C 解析：
推理判断题。
根据第五段第二句可知，如果一切顺利，美国将于2023年发送载人太空舱登月。
据此可知，美国将在未来实施载人登月计划，故C项正确。
D
（2018·辽宁大连双基测试）Formanypeople,beingonthejobmightjustsoundlikeapicniccomparedtoadayathomefilledwithhousework,mealsandchildcare.Evenforthosewithahappyfamilylife,homecansometimesfeelmoretaxingthanwork.
Inanewstudy,researchersatPennStateUniversityfoundsignificantlyandconsistentlylowerlevelsofcortisol（皮质醇）releasedinresponsetostress,inamajorityofsubjectswhentheywereatworkcomparedtowhentheywereathome.Thiswastrueforbothmenandwomen,andparentsandpeoplewithoutchildren.
Bothmenandwomenshowedlessstressatwork.Butwomenweremorelikelytoreportfeelinghappierthere.Menweremorelikelytofeelhappierathome.Expertssaythereareotherreasonswhyworkislessstressfulthanhomeformany.“Paidworkismorevaluedinsociety，”saysSarahDamaske,theleadresearcheronthestudy.“Householdworkisboringandnotparticularlyrewarding.”
Wegetbetteratourjobwithtimeandtheincreasedcompetencemeanslessstressandmorerewards.Yetnoneofus,nomatterhowlongwe’vebeendoingit,evertrulyfeelslikeanexpertatparentingorevenatmarriage.
Thesupportandfriendshipofcoworkersalsoofferstressrelief.Athome,meanwhile,stressspreadsandaccumulatesquickly.“That’sthereasonwhymosthousewiveswishtheywerethebreadearners，”Dr.Damaskesays.
Muchoftheadvicetofamiliesandcouplesincludesthewarningtoleaveworkstressattheofficeandeventochangeourmindsetfromworktohome,forexample,awalkaroundtheblock.Therecentfindings,though,suggestourhomelife,notourattitude,mightbedueforsomechange.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了一项研究，该研究表明越来越多的人认为上班比在家做家务、做饭和带孩子更轻松一些。
12．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“taxing”？
A．Stressful.B．Cheerful.
C．Wo
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