英语上海卷精校打印Word版 含答案.docx

英语上海卷精校打印Word版 含答案.docx

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英语上海卷精校打印Word版含答案

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2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试

上海英语试卷

考生注意：

1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。

所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第I卷（共103分）

II.Grammarandvocabulary

SectionA

Directions:

Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

（A）

MyStayinNewYork

Aftergraduationfromuniversity,Ihadbeenunabletosecureapermanentjobinmysmalltown.SoIdecidedtoleavehomeforNewYork,（25）______Imighthaveabetterchancetofindagoodjob.（26）______（earn）somemoneytopaythedailyexpenses,Istartedworkinalocalcaféasawaiter.Ibelievethat（27）__________________Iwasofferedagoodposition,Iwouldresignatonce.

Overtime,thehighcostoflivingbecamealittleburdenonmyalready（28）______（exhaust）shoulder.Ontheotherhand,mysearchforarespectablejobhadnotmetwithmuchsuccess.AsIhadstudiedliteratureatuniversity,Ifounditquitedifficulttosecureasuitablejobinbigcompanies.Motherhadjustsaidthat（29）______Iwanttohaveabettercareeradvancement,Ihadtofindworkinthecity.Perhaps（30）______mymotherhadtoldmewasdeeplyrootedinmymind.Ijustdidasshehadexpected.

SoonIhadlivedinthecityforoversixmonthsbutIstilldidnotlikeit.Apparently,Ihaddifficulty（31）______（adapt）myselftolifeinthecity,letalonefindingajobtomydelight.Afterninemonthsoffrustration,Ieventuallydecidedtogobacktomysmalltown.NotuntilIreturned（32）______Irealizethataquiettownlifewasthebestforme.

（B）

Thegiantvendingmachine（自动售货机）isanewvillageshop

Villagershavelongbeenusedtofacingadrivewhentheyrunoutofbasicsupplies.However,helpisnownearerathandinformofthecountry’sfirstautomaticpush-buttonshop.NowresidentsintheDerbyshireVillageofCliftoncanbuygroceriesaroundtheclockafterthehugevendingwasinstalledoutsideapubinthevillagethisweek.

PeterFox,whois（33）______electricalengineer,spenttwoandahalfyearsworkingontheproject.Themachine（34）______（equip）withsecuringcamerasandalarmsandlookslikeaminishopwithabrickfront,agreyroofandadisplaywindow.

Mr.Foxsaidhehopedhisinvention,（35）______issettobeinstalledinothervillagesintheareaoverthecomingmonths,willmarkareturntoconvenienceshoppingforruralcommunities.

Hesaid:

“IhadthisideaafewyearsagobutIcouldn’tfindamanufacturewhocoulddeliverwhatIwanted,soIdiditby（36）______.Theresultiswhatamountstohugeoutdoorvendingmachine.YetIthinktheterm“automaticshop”isfar（37）______（appropriate）

Inrecentyears,thecommercialpressurefromsupermarketchains（38）______（force）villageshopsacrossthecountrytoclose.In2010,itwasestimatedthatabout400villageshopsclosed,（39）______（urge）thelocalgovernmenttogivefinancialsupporttostrugglingshopsorset-upnewcommunitiesstores.

Hundredsofcommunitieshavesincesteppedinandopeneduptheirwonvolunteer-runshops,butMr.Foxhopeshisnewinventionwillofferasolution（40）______thesevillageswithoutalocalshop.

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:

ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Researchhasshownthattwo-thirdsofhumanconversationistakenupnotwithdiscussionoftheculturalorpoliticalproblemsoftheday,notheateddebatesaboutfilmswe'vejustwatchedorbookswe'vejustfinishedreading,butplainandsimple__51__.

Languageisourgreatesttreasureasaspecies,andwhatdowe__52__dowithit?

Wegossip.Aboutothers'behaviourandprivatelives,suchaswho'sdoingwhatwithwhom,who'sinandwho'soutandwhy;howtodealwithdifficult__53__situationsinvolvingchildren,lovers,andcolleagues.

Sowhyarewekeenongossiping?

Arewejustnatural__54__,ofbothtimeandwords?

Ordowetalkalotaboutnothinginparticularsimplytoavoidfacinguptothereallyimportantissuesoflife?

It'snotthecaseaccordingtoProfessorRobinDunbar.Infact,inhislatestbook,Grooming,GossipandtheEvolutionofLanguage,thepsychologistsaysgossipisoneofthesereally__55__issues.

Dunbar__56__thetraditionalviewthatlanguagewasdevelopedbythemenattheearlystageofsocialdevelopmentinordertoorganizetheirmanlyhuntingactivitiesmoreeffectively,oreventopromotetheexchangeofpoeticstoriesabouttheiroriginsandthesupernatural.Insteadhesuggeststhatlanguageevolvedamongwomen.Wedon'tspendtwo-thirdsofourtimegossipingjustbecausewecantalk,arguesDunbar—__57__,hegoesontosay,languageevolvedspecificallytoallowustogossip.

Dunbararrivedathischeerytheorybystudyingthe__58__ofthehigherprimates（灵长类动物）likemonkeys.Bymeansofgrooming--cleaningthefurbybrushingit,monkeysformgroupswithotherindividualsonwhomtheycanrelyforsupportintheeventofsomekindofconflictwithinthegroupor__59__fromoutsideit.

Aswehumanbeingsevolvefromaparticularbranchoftheprimatefamily,Dunbar__60__thatatonetimeinourhistorywedidmuchthesame.Groupingtogethermadesensebecausethebiggerthegroup,thegreaterthe__61__itprovided;ontheotherhand,thebiggerthegroup,thegreaterthestressesoflivingclosetoothers.Groominghelpedto__62__thepressureandcalmeverybodydown.

Butasthegroupsgotbiggerandbigger,theamountoftimespentingroomingactivitiesalsohadtobe__63__tomaintainitseffectiveness.Clearly,amore__64__kindofgroomingwasneeded,andthuslanguageevolvedasakindofvocal（有声的）groomingwhichallowedhumanstodeveloprelationshipwithever-largergroupsbyexchanginginformationoverawidernetworkofindividualsthanwouldbepossiblebyone-to-one__65__contact.

51.A.claimB.descriptionC.gossipD.language

52.A.occasionallyB.habituallyC.independentlyD.originally

53.A.socialB.politicalC.historicalD.cultural

54.A.admirersB.mastersC.usersD.wasters

55.A.vitalB.sensitiveC.idealD.difficult

56.A.confirmsB.rejectsC.outlinesD.broadens

57.A.forinstanceB.inadditionC.onthecontraryD.asaresult

58.A.motivationB.appearanceC.emotionD.behaviour

59.A.attackB.contactC.inspectionD.assistance

60.A.recallsB.deniesC.concludesD.confesses

61.A.prospectB.responsibilityC.leadershipD.protection

62.A.measureB.showC.maintainD.ease

63.A.savedB.extendedC.consumedD.gained

64.A.commonB.efficientC.scientificD.thoughtful

65.A.indirectB.dailyC.physicalD.secret

SectionB

Directions:

Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

（A）

Mostpeopleagreethathonestyisagoodthing.ButdoesMotherNatureagree?

Animalscan'ttalk,butcantheylieinotherways?

Cantheyliewiththeirbodiesandbehavior?

Animalexpertsmaynotcallitlying,buttheydoagreethatmanyanimals,frombirdstochimpanzees,behavedishonestlytofoolotheranimals.Why?

Dishonestyoftenhelpsthemsurvive.

Manykindsofbirdsareverysuccessfulatfoolingotheranimals.Forexample,abirdcalledtheploversometimespretendstobehurtinordertoprotectitsyoung.Whenapredator（猎食动物）getsclosetoitsnest,theploverleadsthepredatorawayfromthenest.How?

Itpretendstohaveabrokenwing.Thepredatorfollowsthe"hurt"adult,leavingthebabybirdssafeinthenest.

Anotherkindofbird,thescrubjay,buriesitsfoodsoitalwayshassomethingtoeat.Scrubjaysarealsothieves.Theywatchwhereothersburytheirfoodandstealit.Butcleverscrubjaysseemtoknowwhenathiefiswatchingthem.Sotheygobacklater,unburythefood,andburyitagainsomewhereelse.

Birdscalledcuckooshavefoundawaytohavebabieswithoutdoingmuchwork.How?

Theydon'tmakenests.Instead,theygetintootherbirds'nestssecretly.Thentheylaytheireggsandflyaway.Whenthebabybirdscomeout,theiradoptiveparentsfeedthem.

Chimpanzees,orchimps,canalsobesneaky.Afterafight,thelosingchimpwillgiveitshandtotheother.Whenthewinningchimpputsoutitshand,too,thechimpsarefriendlyagain.Butananimalexpertoncesawalosingchimptakethewinner'shandandstartfightingagain.

Chimpsaresneakyinotherways,too.Whenchimpsfindfoodthattheylove,suchasbananas,itisnaturalforthemtocryout.Thenotherchimpscomerunning.Butsomecleverchimpslearntocryverysoftlywhentheyfindfood.Thatway,otherchimpsdon'thearthem,andtheydon'tneedtosharetheirfood.

Aschildren,manyofuslearnthesaying"Youcan'tfoolMotherNature."Butmaybeyoucan'ttrusther,either.

66.Aploverprotectsitsyoungfromapredatorby______.

A.gettingclosertoitsyoungB.drivingawaytheadultpredator

C.leavingitsyounginanothernestD.pretendingtobeinjured

67.By"Chimpanzees,orchimps,canalsobesneaky"（paragraph5）,theauthormeans______.

A.chimpsarereadytoattackothersB.chimpsaresometimesdishonest

C.chimpsarejealousofthewinnersD.chimpscanbeselfishtoo

68.