高考英语二轮复习 冲刺第15练 阅读+七选五+语法填空+短文改错.docx

高考英语二轮复习 冲刺第15练 阅读+七选五+语法填空+短文改错.docx

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高考英语二轮复习冲刺第15练阅读+七选五+语法填空+短文改错

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习冲刺第15练阅读+七选五+语法填空+短文改错

Ⅰ.阅读理解

体裁：

记叙文　话题：

动物世界　词数：

330　时间：

7′

Tropicalfishhobbyistswilltellyoutheirtanksareasourceofrelaxation，butrecentresearchsuggeststhefishmightdisagree.

ManyAmericanhouseholdscontainafishtank，whoseaveragesizeislessthan10gallons.Yetastudyparingthebehaviorofmonfreshwaterfishfoundthatthosekeptinsuchsmalltanksweremoreaggressivethanthoseinlargeronesandweremorelikelytofight.

“Ifpeoplekeptdogsintheseconditions，they'dbeputinprison，”saidtheauthor，RonaldOldfield.“Inlargertanks，thefishwerenotincontinuouseyesightofeachother.Theywereswimmingaround，checkingeverythingoutratherthanbeatingeachother，”headded.“It'ssomethingweshouldthinkabout.”

Thestudyconsistedoftwoexperiments.Inone，Dr.Oldfieldtestedtheeffectsofovercrowdingbykeepingtanksizeconstant（不变）whileincreasingthenumberoffish.Intheother，hetestedenvironmentbyplacingthreefishintanksofdifferentsizes.Hethenrecordedtheirbehavioratleasttwohoursafterfeeding，toeliminate（排除）petitivebehaviorsrelatedtofood.Whileaggressionseemedtoremainconstantregardlessofthenumberoffishinatank，itdroppedoffconsiderablyoncethefishwereplacedina100－gallontankwithseveralplantsandrockstoformshelters.

ThefindingsconfirmedwhathefoundwhenobservingMidasinthewild.“Ifyougooutandobservethesefishswimminginariver，”hesaid，“they'renotaggressiveatall，really.”ThisconclusionisnotnewstoJustinMuir，theownerofafishtankbusiness.“Morevolumeofwaterisalwaysbetter.Itkeepsthefishhealthier，andthetankismorestable.”

【语篇解读】　本文叙述了热带鱼的生活习性。

当它们的生活空间越小时，它们的侵略性就越强；反之，如果生活空间越大，侵略性越小。

1．Wecanconcludefromthestudythat________．

A．thefishinsmallriversaremorelikelytofightthanthoseinlargerones

B．ifyoukeepfishintanksoflessthan10gallons，you'llbeputintoprison

C．peoplehaven'tpaidenoughattentiontothefeelingoffishinsmallertanks

D．thefishinthewildaremoreaggressivethanthosekeptintanks

答案　C　[推理判断题。

由第二段和第三段内容可知，人们大多把鱼养在小的鱼缸里，故选C项。

A项中讲的是河流，而全文讲的是鱼缸，故A项错误；由第三段第一句可知B项错误；由全文特别是最后一段可知D项错误。

]

2．Howwasthefirstexperimentperformed?

A．Byputtingmoreandmorefishinthesametank.

B．Byputtingfishintanksofdifferentsizes.

C．Byputtingsomefoodtotestthebehavioroffish.

D．Byputtingfishinatankwithplantsandrocks.

答案　A　[细节理解题。

由第四段第二句可知答案。

]

3．Thetwoexperimentsprovethat________．

A．foodpetitionresultsintheaggressivebehavioroffish

B．fishbeemoreaggressiveasmorefishareputintoatank

C．crowdingisthemaincauseoftheaggressivebehavioroffish

D．fishbeelessaggressivewhenplacedina100－gallontank

答案　D　[推理判断题。

由倒数第二段最后一句可知，如果把鱼放在100加仑的鱼缸里，它们会停止攻击，故选D项。

A项太片面；由倒数第二段最后一句可排除B、C两项。

]

4．Thebesttitleforthispassagemightbe________．

A．Animals'RighttoLiveatEase

B．PictureofRelaxationOnlyIfYou'reNotInside

C．HowtoKeepTropicalFishasPets

D．HowtoDealwithFish'sAggressiveBehavior

答案　B　[主旨大意题。

由短文内容可知，作者主要告诉我们鱼缸的大小决定鱼生活得是否舒适、侵略性的大小，故选B项。

]

B

体裁：

说明文　话题：

青少年成长　词数：

300　时间：

7′

Teenagerswhositdowntofamilymealsarelesslikelytobedepressedortakeriskswithdrugsandalcohol，newresearchshows.

Anewstudylookingattheroleoffamilymealsinthehealthandwell－beingofyoungpeopleisthefirststudyontheissueinNewZealand.Itusesdatacollectednationallyfrommorethan9，000secondaryschoolpupils.Itfindsthatthosewhoeatwiththeirfamiliesfrequentlyarelesslikelytoreportsuicidal（自杀的）thoughts，lesslikelytobesmokersandlesslikelytoindulge__indrinking，drugsandsoon.Itsayssocialchangessuchasmoretelevisionchannels，moremothersworkingandcheapfastfoodhavechangedthestatusofthefamilymeal.

However，thegoodnewsforNewZealandisthatone－thirdofyoungpeoplereportedsharingmealswiththeirfamiliessevenormoretimesaweekandanadditional40percentsharedmealsthreetosixtimesaweek.

AuthorJenniferUtter，aseniorlectureratAucklandUniversity，saidsittingdownfordinnercreatedanopportunityforparentstocheckinwithchildrenandseehowtheirdayhadbeen.Youngpeoplewhoatewiththeirparentsreportedbetterconnectednessandbettermunication.Familymealsindicatestrong，healthyrelationships.Thehighproportionoffamilieseatingtogetherwasencouraging，shesaid.“Alotoffamiliesdoseemtowanttospendtimetogether.It'sareallypositivefinding.”

Previouslyahouseholdwouldhaveonlyonebreadwinnerandtherewouldalwaysbesomeoneathomeforchildrentotalkto.Nowadays，itoftentooktheineoftwopeopletokeepthefamilyafloat（能维持下去）anditwouldbeharderforparentstohavedinnerwiththeirchildren.ChieffamiliesmissionerCarlDavidsonsaidteenswhoatemealswiththeirfamiliesreportedbetterhealth，andwerelesslikelytobedepressed.“Weprobablyallknowthateatingtogetherisworthwhile，butthisresearchshowsthatthosesharedmealsaren'tjustnicetohavebutareactuallyafundamentalcontributortofamilywell－being.”

【语篇解读】　新的研究表明：

能经常与家人共同进餐的青少年患抑郁症或酗酒、吸毒的可能性小，而且他们也具有较好的沟通、交流能力。

5．Whyisitmoredifficultforparentstohavedinnerwiththeirchildren?

A．Becausechildrenarebusywiththeirstudy.

B．Becauseeatingasfamilycanmakethemputonweight.

C．Becausethemealscookedathomearenotasdeliciousasfastfood.

D．Becauseparentshavetoearnmoneytosupportthewholefamily.

答案　D　[细节理解题。

根据最后一段第二句中．..itoftentooktheineoftwopeopletokeepthefamilyafloatanditwouldbeharderforparentstohavedinnerwiththeirchildren.可知D项正确。

]

6．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“indulgein”inParagraph2probablymean?

A．betiredofB．befitfor

C．beaddictedtoD．becontentwith

答案　C　[词义猜测题。

betiredof意为“对……厌倦”；befitfor意为“适合”；beaddictedto意为“对……上瘾”；becontentwith意为“对……满意”。

根据上文的arelesslikelytoreportsuicidalthoughts，lesslikelytobesmokersand...可知C项正确。

]

7．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．EatingasFamilyAidsTeens'Health.

B．EatingasFamilyHelpsTeensLoseWeight.

C．EatingasFamilySavesMuchEnergy.

D．EatingasFamilyBenefitsParents.

答案　A　[主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，本文旨在告诉读者：

与家人共同进餐有益于青少年的身心健康，故A项正确。

]

Ⅱ.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Faces，likefingerprints，areunique.Didyoueverwonderhowitispossibleforustorecognizepeople？

__8__Yetaveryyoungchild—orevenananimal，suchasapigeon—canearntorecognizefaces.Wealltakethisforgranted.

__9__Whenwetalkaboutsomeone'spersonality，wemeanthewaysinwhichheorsheacts，speaks，thinksandfeelsthatmakethatindividualdifferentfromothers.

Likethehumanface，humanpersonalityisveryplex.Butdescribingsomeone's，personalityinwordsissomewhateasierthandescribinghisface.__10__Butifyouwereaskedtodescribea“niceperson”，youmightbegintothinkaboutsomeonewhowaskind，considerate，friendly，warm，andsoforth.

Therearemanywordstodescribehowapersonthinks，feelsandacts.GordonAllport，anAmericanpsychologist，foundnearly18，000Englishwordscharacterizingdifferencesinpeople'sbehavior.__11__Bookworms，conservatives，militarytypes—peoplearedescribedwithsuchterms.

Peoplehavealwaystriedto“type”eachother.ActorsinearlyGreekdramaworemaskstoshowtheaudiencewhethertheyplayedthevillain'sorthehero'srole.Infact，thewords“person”and“personality”efromtheLatinpersona，meaning“mask”．Today，mosttelevisionandmovieactorsdonotwearmasks.__12__

A．Ifyouwereaskedtodescribewhata“niceface”looklike，youprobablywouldhaveadifficulttimedoingso.

B．Butwecaneasilytellthe“goodguys”fromthe“badbuys”becausethetwotypesdifferinappearanceaswellasinactions.

C．Wealsotellpeopleapartbyhowtheybehave.

D．Peoplehavedifficultyindescribingthefeaturesoffingerprints.

E．Andmanyofususethisinformationasabasisfordescribing，ortypinghispersonality.

F．Expertssaythatactorsdifferintheirbehavioralandphysicalcharacteristicsinacting.

G．Evenaskilledwriterprobablycouldnotdescribeallthefeaturesthatmakeonefacedifferentfromanother.

答案　8.G　9.C　10.A　11.E　12.B

Ⅲ.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

W：

Jack，howhaveyourtwosonsbeendoingatschoolrecently?

M：

Don'task！

Markneverstartsstudying，andJasonneverstops__13__（study）．

W：

You'rejoking！

IhearthatJasonislikely__14__（be）atthetopofhisclassafterexamsthisyear.

M：

Yes，sohisteacherssay.He__15__（work）veryhardathisbookseveryeveningformonthsonendrecently.Heishopingto__16__HarvardUniversity.

W：

Great.Maybehe'llbeeauniversityprofessor__17__（he）inthefuture.

M：

Maybe.__18__sometimesIwishhe'dgooutandenjoyhimself__19__achange.

W：

Yes...Whatabouttheyoungerone?

M：

Well，Mark'steacherssayhehasability，buthe__20__（rare）doeshisbest.Hedoeshishomeworkintenminuteseverydayandthen__21__（rush）outtoplayfootball.

W：

Perhapshecanmakehisfortuneatfootball.Peoplecanmakeplentyofmoneyfromsportsnow.

M：

Mywifealwaysworriesabouthisfuture.

W：

Perhapsyoucanhaveatalkwithhimnowtofindout__22__heisthinkingabouthisstudiesandfutureplans.

M：

Goodidea.I'lltakeyouradvice.

【语篇解读】　这是一段对话，对话围绕Jack的两个孩子的学习情况展开，一个爱学习，一个爱玩。

13．studying　[考查动名词。

固定短语stopdoingsth“停止做某事”，符合语境。

]

14．tobe　[考查固定短语。

belikelytodosth为固定短语。

]

15．hasbeenworking　[考查现在完成进行时。

根据时间状语“everyeveningformonthsonendrecently”可知，此处应用现在完成进行时，表示某一动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在或离现在不远的时间，故用hasbeenworking。

]

16．attend/enter　[考查动词短语。

表示“上大学”可以用动词attend或enter。

]

17．himself　[考查反身代词。

或许将来他自己会成为一位大学教授。

此处用反身代词himself，表示“他自己”。

]

18．But　[考查连词。

根据语境可知，此处应用转折连词But。

]

19．for　[考查介词。

句意：

但是有时候“我”希望他能出去玩得开心，改变一下。

forachange意为“改变一下”，为固定