历年考研英语真题与答案.docx

历年考研英语真题与答案.docx

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历年考研英语真题与答案

全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

SectionI:

StructureandVocabulary

Ineachquestion,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.（15points）

EXAMPLE:

Iwascaught________therainyesterday.

[A]in

[B]by

[C]with

[D]at

ANSWER:

[A]

l.Thosetwofamilieshavebeenquarrelling________eachotherformanyyears.

[A]to

[B]between

[C]against

[D]with

2.Therearemanythingswhosemisuseisdangerous,buritishardtothinkofanythingthatcanbecompared________tobaccoproducts.

[A]in

[B]with

[C]among

[D]by

3.“Howoftenhaveyouseencaseslikethis?

”onesurgeonaskedanother.“Oh,________times,Iguess,”wasthereply.

[A]hundredof

[B]hundreds

[C]hundredsof

[D]hundred

4.Givemeyourtelephonenumber________Ineedyourhelp.

[A]whether

[B]unless

[C]sothat

[D]incase

5.Yousangwelllastnight.Wehopeyou’llsing________.

[A]morebetter

[B]stillbetter

[C]nicely

[D]best

6.Thosepeople________ageneralunderstandingofthepresentsituation.

[A]lackof

[B]arelackingof

[C]lack

[D]areinlack

7.Aloneinadeserthouse,hewassobusywithhisresearchworkthathefelt________lonely.

[A]nothingbut

[B]anythingbut

[C]allbut

[D]everythingbut

8.Grace________tearswhensheheardthesadnews.

[A]brokein

[B]brokeinto

[C]brokeoff

[D]brokethrough

9.Sherefusedto________thecarkeystoherhusbanduntilhehadpromisedtowearhissafetybelt.

[A]handin

[B]handout

[C]handdown

[D]down

10.MichaelfounditdifficulttogethisBritishjokes________toAmericanaudiences.

[A]around

[B]over

[C]across

[D]down

11.Thebookcontainedalarge________ofinformation.

[A]deal

[B]amount

[C]number

[D]sum

12.Nowadaysadvertisingcostsarenolongerinreasonable________tothetotalcostoftheproduct.

[A]proportion

[B]correlation

[C]connection

[D]correspondence

13.Whenshesawthecloudsshewentbacktothehouseto________herumbrella.

[A]carry

[B]fetch

[C]bring

[D]reach

14.Wemust________thattheexperimentiscontrolledasrigidlyaspossible.

[A]assure

[B]secure

[C]ensure

[D]issue

15.Hewasknockeddownbyacarandbadly________.

[A]injured

[B]damaged

[C]harmed

[D]ruined

SectionII:

ReadingComprehension

Eachofthethreepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswers.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.（20points）

Text1

InMayl989,spaceshuttle“Atlantis”releasedinouterspacethespaceprobe“Megallan,”whichisnowonher15-monthandone-billion-kilometerflighttoVenus.Anewphaseinspaceexplorationhasbegun.

TheplanetVenusisonlyslightlysmallerthanEarth;itistheonlyotherobjectinthesolarsystem,infact,thatevencomesclosetoearth’ssize.Venushasasimilardensity,soitisprobablymadeofapproximatelythesamestuff,andithasanatmosphere,completewithclouds.Itisalsotheclosestplanettoearth,andthusthemostsimilarindistancefromthesun.Inshort,Venusseemstojustifyitslong-heldnicknameof“earth’stwin.”

ThesurfacetemperatureofVenusreachessome900F.Addedtothatisanatmosphericpressureabout90timesEarth’s:

Highoverheadinthecarbondioxide（CO2）thatpassesforairisalayerofclouds,perhaps10to20milesthick,whoselittledropsconsistmostlyofsulfuricacid（H2SO4）.Waterisallbutnonexistent.

Bornwithsomanyfundamentalsimilaritiestoearth,howdidVenusgettobesoradicallydifferent:

Itisnotjustanacademicmatter.Forallitsextremes,Venusisavaluablelaboratoryforresearchersstudyingtheweatherandclimateofearth.Ithasnoearth’soceans,sotheheattransportandothermechanismsaregreatlysimplified.Inaddition,theplanetVenustakes243earth-daystoturnonceonitsaxis,soincomingheatfromthesunisaddedanddistributedatamoreleisurely,observablepace.

16.VenusissimilartoEarthin________.

[A]sizeanddensity

[B]distancefromthesun

[C]havingatmosphere

[D]alloftheabove

17.ThegreatestvalueinstudyingVenusshouldbeto________.

[A]allowustovisitthere

[B]understandEarthbetter

[C]findanewsourceofenergy

[D]promoteanewspaceprogram

18.Themainideaofthispassageisabout________.

[A]problemsofspacetravel

[B]scientificmethodsinspaceexploration

[C]theimportanceofVenustoEarth

[D]conditionsonVenus

Text2

TouristsweresurprisedtoseeawomandrivingahugeorangetractordownoneofRome’smainavenues.Italy’spoliticalleadersandsomeofitsmaleunionchiefsaresaidtohavebeenevenmorepuzzledtoseethatthetractorwasfollowedbyabout200,000womeninaparadingprocessionthattookmorethanthreehourstosnakethroughcentralRome.

Shoutingslogans,wavingflagsanddancingtodrumbeats,thewomenhadcometothecapitalfromalloverItalytodemonstratefor“ajobforeachofus,adifferenttypeofjob,andasocietywithoutviolence.”Sofar,actiontoimprovewomen’sopportunitiesinemploymenthasbeentheprovinceofcollectiveindustrialbargaining.“Butthereisagrowingawarenessthatthisisnotenough,”saysaresearcheronfemalelaboratthegovernment-fundedInstitutefortheDevelopmentofProfessionalTrainingforWorkers.

Women,whoconstitute52percentofItaly’spopulation,todayrepresentonly35percentofItaly’stotalworkforceand33percentofthetotalnumberofItalianswithjobs.However,theirpresenceintheworkplaceisgrowing.Theemploymentofwomenisexpandingconsiderablyinservices,nexttothepublicadministrationandcommerceastheirprincipalworkplace.Officialstatisticsalsoshowthatwomenhavealsomadesignificantstridesinself-employment.Moreandmorewomenaregoingintobusinessforthemselves.Manyyoungwomenareturningtobusinessbecauseofthegrowingoverallinemployment.Itisalsoafactthattodaymanyprejudiceshavedisappeared,sothatbanksandotherfinancialinstitutesmakejudgmentsonpurelybusinessconsiderationswithoutcaringifitisamanorawoman.

Suchchangesareoccurringintheprofessionstoo.Thenumberofwomendoctors,dentists,lawyers,engineersanduniversityprofessorsincreasedtwotothreefold.Someofthechangesareimmediatelyvisible.Forexample,womenhaveappearedonthesceneforthefirsttimeasstatepolice,railwayworkersandstreetcleaner.

However,thepresentsituationisfarfromsatisfactorythoughsomeprogresshasbeenmade.Abreakthroughinequalopportunitiesforwomenisnowdemanded.

19.Theexpression“snakethroughcentralRome”probablymeans“tomove________

[A]quietlythroughcentralRome.”

[B]violentlythroughcentralRome.”

[C]inalongwindinglinethroughcentralRome.”

[D]ataleisurelypacethroughcentralRome.”

20.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

[A]TherearemorewomenthanmeninItaly.

[B]InItaly,womenarechieflyemployedinservices.

[C]InItaly,womenarestillatadisadvantageinemployment.

[D]InItaly,abouttwo-thirdsofthejobsareheldbymen.

21.About200,000womeninRomedemonstratedfor________.

[A]morejobopportunities

[B]agreatervarietyofjobs

[C]“equaljob,equalpay”

[D]bothAandB

22.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe________.

[A]TheRoleofWomenisSociety

[B]WomenDemonstrateforEqualityinEmployment

[C]WomenasSelf-employedProfessionals

[D]WomenandtheJobsMarket

Text3

Theoldideathattalentedchildren“burnthemselvesout”intheearlyyears,and,therefore,aresubjectedtofailureandatworst,mentalillnessisunfounded.Asamatteroffact,theoutstandingthingthathappenstobrightkidsisthattheyareverylikelytogrowintobrightadults.

Tofindthisout,l,500giftedpersonswerefolloweduptotheirthirty-fifthyearwiththeseresults:

Onadultintelligencetests,theyscoredashighastheyhadaschildren.Theywere,asagroup,ingoodhealth,physicallyandmentally.84percentoftheirgroupweremarriedandseemedcontentwiththeirlives.

About70percenthadgraduatedfromcollege,thoughonly30percenthadgraduatedwithhonors.Afewhadevendroppedout,butnearlyhalfofthesehadreturnedtograduate.Ofthemen,80percentwereinoneoftheprofessionsorinbusinessmanagementorsemiprofessionaljobs.Thewomenwhohadremainedsinglehadoffice,business,orprofessionaloccupations.

Thegrouphadpublished90booksand1,500articlesinscientific,scholarly,andliterarymagazinesandhadcollectedmorethan100patents.

Inamaterialwaytheydidnotdobadlyeither.Averageincomewasconsiderablyhigheramongthegiftedpeople,especiallythemen,thanforthecountryasawhole,despitetheircomparativeyouth.

Infact,farfrombeingstrange,mostofthegiftedwereturningtheirearlypromiseintopracticalreality.

23.Theoldideathattalentedchildren“burnthemselvesout”intheearlyyearsis________.

[A]trueinallsenses

[B]refutedbytheauthor

[C]medicallyproven

[D]abeliefoftheauthor

24.Thesurveyofbrightchildrenwasmadeto________.

[A]findoutwhathadhappenedtotalentedchildrenwhentheybecameadults

[B]provethattalentedchildren“burnthemselvesout”intheearlyyears

[C]discoverthepercentageofthosementallyillamongthegifted

[D]provethattalentedchildrenneverburnthemselvesout

25.Intelligencetestsshowedthat________.

[A]brightchildrenwereunlikelytobementallyhealthy

[B]betweenchildhoodandadulthoodtherewasaconsiderablelossofintelligence

[C]talentedchildrenweremostlikelytobecomegiftedadults