电气外文文献.docx

电气外文文献.docx

《电气外文文献.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《电气外文文献.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

电气外文文献

电气与自动化工程系2014届毕业生

英

文

文

献

专业：

班级：

学号：

姓名：

时间：

年月日

Circuitbreaker

空气压缩断路器是一种机械开关设备，能够在正常和特殊情况下开断电流（比如说短路电流）。

例如空气断路器、油断路器，干扰电路的导体因该安全可靠的应用于其中，电流断路器按灭弧远离通常被分为如下等级：

空气开关断路器、油断路器、少油断路器、压缩空气断路器、具有消磁性质的隔离开关、六氟化硫断路器和真空断路器。

他们的参数有电压等级、绝缘等级、电流开断容量、开断时间的瞬时电压恢复和条炸事件。

断路器的铭牌通常包括：

1.最大可承受电流；2.最大中断电流；3.最大线路电压；4.中断周期数量。

在60hHZ的系统中，中断可能持续3-至8个周期，为了快速中断达负荷电流，我们不得不确保它的持续冷却，、高速开断能限制对传输线路的损害，这一点是同等重要的它帮助系统在任何事故发生时维持稳定运行，断路器主要由操作机构、执行机构和灭弧室组成。

Compressedaircircuitbreakerisamechanicalswitchequipment,canbeinnormalandspecialconditionsbreakingcurrent（suchasshortcircuitcurrent）.Forexample,aircircuitbreaker,oilcircuitbreaker,interferencecircuitconductorfortheapplicationofthesafetyandreliabilityofthecircuitbreaker,currentinarcfromisusuallydividedintothefollowinggrades:

airswitchcircuitbreaker,oilcircuitbreaker,lessoilcircuitbreaker,compressedaircircuitbreaker,adegaussingofisolatingswitch,sixsulfurhexafluoridecircuitbreakerandvacuumbreaker.Theirparametersofvoltage,current,insulationlevelofbreakingcapacity,instantaneousvoltageofftimeofrecoveryandabombing.Breakerplateusuallyinclude:

1themaximumtolerablecurrent;2ofthemaximumcurrentisinterrupted;3largestlinevoltage;4interruptthecyclenumber.Inthe60hHZsystem,interruptmaylastfrom3-to8cycle,inordertoquicklybreakuptotheloadcurrent,wehavetoensurecontinuedtocoolit,high-speed,breakingcanlimitontransmissionlinedamage,itisequallyimportanttohelpsystemtomaintainstableoperationatanytimeoftheaccident,themaincircuitbreakerbyoperatingmechanism,actuatorandarcquenchingchamber.

当有触发电流或者电压时，空气隔离开关的弹簧操作机构迅速动作以用来减少触点的烧损，主触点的特殊形状和使用材料完全适合电弧的接触，空气隔离开关更进一步的改进是由于灭弧性能、绝缘隔板组成的灭弧罩、带灭弧功能的触头等这些特殊性质，所以仍被应用于低电压等级和直流断路器中。

Whenatriggercurrentorvoltage,springoperationmechanismofairisolationswitchmovesquicklytoreducethecontactloss,specialshapeandusethematerialofmaincontactcompletelyfitforthearcofcontact,airisolationswitchfurtherimprovementisduetothearcquenchingperformance,insulatingbaffleplatesarcshield,witharcthefunctionofthesespecialproperties,itisusedinlowvoltageandDCcircuitbreaker.

多油断路器出现于1900前后，主要用来满足新斯的开断容量的要求，交流开关被浸入一个油缸之中，油在熄灭电弧和在电流过零时建立开断功能是十分有效，灭弧栅、喷油嘴、鸭梨锄头、新的操作机构和多种新的断路功能在近几十年引进使用多油断路器能够适应362kV。

Oilcircuitbreakerinaround1900,mainlytomeetthenew,breakingcapacityrequirements,ACswitchisimmersedinanoilcylinder,theoilinthearcquenchingandzerosetofffunctionisveryeffectiveinthecurrent,arcgate,nozzle,pear,anewoperationmechanismandavarietyofthenewcircuitfunctioninrecentdecadestointroducetheuseofoilcircuitbreakercanadaptto362kV.

TypesandConstructionofTransformer

Atransformerisadevicethatalternatingcurrentelectricenergyatonevoltagelevelintoalternatingcurrentelectricenergyatanothervoltagelevelthroughtheactionofamagneticfield.Itconsistsoftwoormorecoilswirewrappedaroundacommonferromagneticcore.Thesecoilsare（usually）notdirectlyconnected.Theonlyconnectionbetweenthecoilsisthecommonmagnecticfluxpresenwithinthecore.

Oneofthetransformerwindingsisconnectedtoasourceofacelectricpower,andthesecond（andperhapsthird）transformerwindingsupplieselectricpowertoloads.thetransformerwindingconnectedtothepowersouceiscalledtheprimarywindingorinputwinding.andthewindingconnectedtotheloadsiscalledthesecondarywindingorinputwinding.Ifthereisathirdwindingonthetransformer,itiscalledthetertiarywinding.Powertransformerareconstructedononeoftwotypesofcores.onetypeofconstructionconsistsofasimplerectangularlaminatedpieceofsteelwiththetransformerwindingswrappedaroundtwosidesoftherectangle.Thistypeofconstructionisknowascoreform.Theothertypeconsistsofthree-leggedlaminatedcorewiththewindingswrappedaroundthecenterleg.Thistypeofconstructionisknowasshellform.Ineithercase,thecoreisconstructedofthinlaminationselectricallyisolatedformeachotherinorderinordertoreduceeddycurrentstoaminimum.

Theprimaryandsecondarywindingsinaphysicaltransformerarewrappedoneontopoftheotherwiththelow-voltagewindinginnermost.Suchanarrangementseverstwopurposes:

1.Itsimplifiestheproblemofinsulatingthehigh-voltagewindingfromthecore.2.Itresultsinmuchlessleakagefluxthanwouldbethetwowindingswereseparatedbyadistanceonthecore.

Powertransformeraregivenavarietyofdifferentnames,dependingontheiruseinpowersystems.Atransformerconnectedtotheoutputofageneratorandusedtostepitsvoltageuptotransformerlevelsissometimescalledunittransformer.Thetransformeraitheotherendofthetransformerline,whichstepsthevoltagedownfromtransmissionlevlstodistributionlevels,iscalledasubstationtransformer.Finally,thetransformerthattakesthedistributionvoltageandstepsisdowntothefinalvoltageaiwhichthepowerisactuallyusediscalledadistributiontransformer.Allthesedevicesareessentiallythesame-theonlydifferenceamongthemistheirintendeduse.

Inadditiontothevariouspowertransformer,twospecial-purposetransformersareusedwithelectricmachineryandpowersystems.Thefirstofthesespecialtransformersisadevicespeciallydesignedtosampleahighvoltageandproducealowsecondaryvoltagedirectlyproportionaltoit.Suchatransformeriscalledapotentialtransformer.Apowertransformeralsoproducesasecondaryvoltagedirectlyproportionaltoitsprimaryvoltage;thedifferencebetweenapotentialtransformerandapowertransformeristhatthepotentialtransformerisdesignedtohandleonlyaverysmallcurrent.Thesecondtypeofspecialtransformerisadevicedesignedtoprovideasecondarycurrent.muchsmallerthanbutdirectlyproportionaltoitsprimarycurrent.Thisdeviceiscalledacurrenttransformer.

Lingtingprotection

Thethunderandlightningprotectstoconnecttheground;Connectthegroundtoavoidthethunderthemostimportantlinkofthetechnique,ignoreisashotthunder,respondthethunderofthethunderorotherform,andavoidthethunderworkmostallofsendintotheearththethunderelectriccurrent.Storethethunderenergytobehavethetypetobuildthe,currenttechnologytostillreachtonotarrive,andthereforehavenothereasonablebutgoodconnectthegroundequiptoisimpossibletospeakabouttodefendthethunder.Thereforesaythedesign,theconstructionisveryhighstandardtoconnectthegroundsystemisaheavyinsidethatdefendthunder'sworkitheavy.HighelectricpotentialthatForlongtime,peoplehaveanillusion,andthinkthatconnectthegroundelectricresistancemoresmallavoidthethunderresultandthenmorelike,quiltobjectthatprotectsafety.Certainlytheelectricresistanceismorethesmallismorequick,strikebylightningtoreservetimemoreshort,theriskismoresmall,electricvoltageofitsstride,getintouchwiththetheelectricvoltageproducethemachinetoothemorethe?

But,constructionthatthefulfillmentproofofnearandmorethanteninthelastyearses,withitssaythatconnecttheworthimportanceofgroundelectricresistance,notequaltosaythatconnectthegroundtoequipmorereasonable,importanceElectricityequipments,demandvarietythatnow'scity,thereislotsofinabuildinginsidenotthecongenialityconnectthegrounddevice,ifavoidthethundertoconnecttheground,electricitythesafetytoconnecttheground,ACpowertheworktoconnecttheground,correspondenceandcalculatorsystemtoconnecttheground,accordingtothefulfillmentproof,totallyusetoconnectthegroundisanapplicationmostforextensiveconnectthelocaltype.ThatA,theindependenceconnecttheground:

Asabovepartfordemandforspeakofingconnectingthegroundof,alldistinguishtoindependentlyestablishtheowntoconnectthegroundsystem,andthiskindofconnectthelocaltypetocalltheindependencetoconnecttheground.Itsadvantageiseachsystemandcan'tresultinthemutualinterference,andthisisparticularlyimportanttocorrespondencessystems.Buttheadoptionindependencethatnetworkeasilywerestrikebylightningedisbad,sobesideshavetodefendtoexplodethedangerousenvironmentrequestingtomustwanttheadoptiontheindependenceofavoidthethundermethodgenerallynotlayclaimtothewaytoconnecttheground.Two,totallyusetoconnecttheground:

Alsocallunifytoconnecttheground.Theeachsystemthatitconnectthegroundthedemandunifiestoreceiveaconnectthegroundtoequiptop,orisoriginallyeachsystemofconnectthegrounddevicetopasstheundergroundtoperhapsanduplink,makethemtheelectricityforbecomingofitstoconnectthegroundtounifythegroundnetwithmetalsconductor,likethisofconnectthelocaltypeistototallyusetoconnecttheground.itiscurrenttousetoconnectthegroundtotallyappliedthemostextensiveconnectthelocaltype.EachsystemthatThree,connecttheground1:

00:

Methodthatconnectingthegroundlinetoreceivetoconnectthesamepointorsamemetalsflatsurfaceoflineofgroundmotherofeachsystemisup,likethiscall"connecttheground1:

00"method.connect1:

00thegroundmethodcanresolvetheetc.Electricpotentialtoconnectthegroundlinetheproblem,canthereforelowerofeachsystemcancancellationoftopofinterferencefundamentalforofinterferencedegree,particularlyis50HZworksignaltosystem,andconnectthegroundmethodontheengineeringtogettheextensiveapplicationthereforeand1:

00.Four,themanypointconnect