高考英语总复习必修5 unit 3.docx
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高考英语总复习必修5unit3
第一部分 必修5 Unit3
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2015湖北)
“DailyStar,sir,”calledJason,carryingsomenewspapersunderhisarm.Thelittleboyhadbeenrunningupanddownthestreet,buttherewerestilltwenty__1__left.Hisvoicewasalmostgoneandhisheartwas__2__.Theshopswouldsoonclose,andallthepeoplewouldgohome.Hewouldhavetogohometoo,carryingthepapers__3__money.Hehadhopedtosellmorepaperstonighttomakemoremoneytobuya__4__forhismotherandsomeseedsforhisbird.Thatwaswhyhehadboughtthepaperswithallhismoney.He__5__ashethoughtofhisfailuretosellallhispapers.
“Youdon'tknowthe__6__ofsellingpapers.Youmustshout,‘Hotnews!
Bombbursting!
’”anothernewsboyChadtoldJason.“__7__it'snotinthepaperatall,”repliedJason.“Justrunawayquickly__8__theyhavetimetosee,andyou'll__9__outandgetyourmoney,”Chadsaid.
Itwasanew__10__toJason.Hethoughtofhisbirdwithno__11__andthecakehewantedtobuyforhismother,butwas__12__thathewouldnottellalie.Thoughhewas__13__apoornewsboy,hehadbeen__14__somegoodthings.
ThenextafternoonJasonwenttotheofficeforhispapers__15__.SeveralboyswerecrowdingaroundChad,whodeclaredwitha__16__smilethathesoldsixdozenthedaybefore.HeaddedthatJason___17__moneybecausehewouldnottellalie.Theboys__18__atJason.“Youwouldn'ttellalieyesterday,myboy?
”AgentlemanattheofficecameupandpattedJason'sshoulder__19__.“You'rejusttheboyIamlookingfor.”AweeklaterJasonstartedhisnew__20__.Helostthesaleoftwentypapersbecausehewouldnottellalie,butgotawellpaidjobbecausehetoldthetruth.
( )1.A.shops B.coins
C.people D.papers
( )2.A.open B.heavy
C.pure D.weak
( )3.A.insteadof B.inreturnfor
C.regardlessof D.inexchangefor
( )4.A.cup B.card
C.comb D.cake
( )5.A.gavein B.brokedown
C.gotaway D.showedup
( )6.A.difficulty B.process
C.goal D.secret
( )7.A.And B.But
C.For D.So
( )8.A.before B.since
C.though D.unless
( )9.A.call B.drop
C.sell D.reach
( )10.A.edition B.idea
C.policy D.task
( )11.A.bread B.insects
C.seeds D.water
( )12.A.concerned B.amazed
C.excited D.determined
( )13.A.still B.already
C.just D.also
( )14.A.taught B.handed
C.awarded D.allowed
( )15.A.atonce B.bychance
C.asusual D.onpurpose
( )16.A.proud B.gentle
C.warm D.polite
( )17.A.borrowed B.lost
C.made D.saved
( )18.A.laughed B.shouted
C.nodded D.stared
( )19.A.bravely B.gratefully
C.fondly D.modestly
( )20.A.duty B.business
C.job D.method
【主旨大意】本文讲述了一个名叫詹森的报童因诚实而获得回报的故事。
尽管詹森很需要钱,但他没有为了提高销量而撒谎,反而因诚实最终获得了一份报酬高的工作。
1.【答案】D
【解析】根据文章第一段第一句中的“carryingsomenewspapersunderhisarm”及第五句中“carryingthepapers…”可知仍然有20份报纸,和最后一段最后一句中的“lostthesaleoftwentypapers”和该题呼应,故选D项。
2.【答案】B
【解析】根据文章第一段第四、五句可知,商店马上关门,所有的人都将回家,但他还有20份报纸没卖完,只能把剩下的报纸带回家,因此心情沉重,故选B项。
3.【答案】A
【解析】insteadof意为“代替;而不是”;inreturnfor意为“作为……的回报”;regardlessof意为“不管;不顾”;inexchangefor意为“作为……的交换”,根据上题句意,应选A项。
4.【答案】D
【解析】根据文章第三段第二句中的“thecakehewantedtobuyforhismother”可知设空处应填cake。
故选D项。
5.【答案】B
【解析】根据前句,詹森用他所有的钱买了报纸但没能卖完,这使得他本来想给妈妈买蛋糕、给小鸟买种子的愿望落空,故一想到没能卖掉所有的报纸他就情绪低落。
givein意为“屈服;让步”;breakdown意为“发生故障;分解;(精神/健康)垮掉”;getaway意为“离开”;showup意为“露面;出现”,故选B项。
6.【答案】D
【解析】根据语境可知,另外一个报童查德告诉詹森他的卖报秘诀就是大声喊有最新消息和爆炸性消息。
difficulty意为“困难”;process意为“过程”;goal意为“目标”;secret意为“秘密;秘诀”,故选D项。
7.【答案】B
【解析】根据第二段最后一句可知,查德的卖报秘诀是趁着买报人还没来得及看内容就赶紧拿钱跑掉,这说明查德宣称的最新消息实际上是编造的,故詹森的回答与前句相反,有转折意义,故选B项。
8.【答案】A
【解析】before作连词时,意为“在……之前”,根据上题句意,应选A项。
9.【答案】C
【解析】此处为查德报纸卖得又快又多的秘诀。
callout意为“大声叫唤”;dropout意为“退学;退出”;sellout意为“卖完;卖光”;reachout意为“伸出”,故选C项。
10.【答案】B
【解析】查德的卖报秘诀对于詹森而言是个新的主意。
edition意为“版本”;idea意为“想法;主意”;policy意为“政策;方针”;task意为“工作;任务”,故选B项。
11.【答案】C
【解析】根据文章第一段第六句中的“someseedsforhisbird”可知选C项。
12.【答案】D
【解析】but连接前后分句,表示转折意义,且第四段第三句表明詹森事实上没有撒谎,故可判断虽然詹森没钱给小鸟和妈妈买礼物,但他坚定地不愿撒谎。
concerned意为“关心的”;amazed意为“吃惊的”;excited意为“激动的”;determined意为“坚决的”,故选D项。
13.【答案】C
【解析】詹森虽然只是个贫穷的报童,但他也曾受过好的家教。
still意为“仍然”;already意为“已经”;just意为“只是;刚刚”;also意为“也”,故选C项。
14.【答案】A
【解析】句意见上题。
teach意为“教导;教授”;hand意为“传递;交给”;award意为“授予”;allow意为“允许;给予”,故选A项。
15.【答案】C
【解析】第二天下午詹森像往常一样去办公室领报纸。
atonce意为“马上;立刻”;bychance意为“偶然;碰巧”;asusual意为“像往常一样”;onpurpose意为“故意地”,故选C项。
16.【答案】A
【解析】根据空格后的“thathesoldsixdozenthedaybefore”可知,前一天查德卖了72份报纸,故他是骄傲地笑着宣布自己的销售业绩,故选A项。
17.【答案】B
【解析】查德在炫耀自己的业绩的同时还补充说到,詹森因不愿撒谎而没能赚到钱。
borrow意为“借”;lose意为“失去;遗失”;make意为“赚钱”;save意为“节省”,故选B项。
18.【答案】A
【解析】根据前句可知,查德用其突出的销售业绩反衬詹森因不愿撒谎而业绩差,使得其他的孩子觉得詹森太傻而嘲笑他。
laugh意为“笑”;short意为“呼喊;大声说”;nod意为“点头”;stare意为“凝视;注视”。
故选A项。
19.【答案】C
【解析】根据下文可知,这位绅士很欣赏詹森诚信的行为,并给他一份报酬高的工作,故绅士在办公室遇到他时应该是温柔地拍拍他的肩膀。
bravely意为“勇敢地”;gratefully意为“感激地”;fondly意为“温柔地”;modestly意为“谨慎地;适当地”,故选C项。
20.【答案】C
【解析】根据文章最后一段最后一句中的“lostthesaleoftwentypapers”及“gotawellpaidjob”,可知他开始了一份新工作,故选C项。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2014陕西,C)
WhydoAmericansstrugglewithwatchingtheirweight,whiletheFrench,whoconsumerichfood,continuetostaythin?
NowaresearchbyCornellUniversitysuggestshowlifestyleanddecisionsabouteatingmayaffectweight.ResearchersconcludethattheFrenchtendtostopeatingwhentheyfeelfull.However,AmericanstendtostopwhentheirplateisemptyortheirfavoriteTVshowisover.
AccordingtoDr.JosephMercola,ahealthexpert,theFrenchseeeatingasanimportantpartoftheirlifestyle.Theyenjoyfoodandthereforespendafairlylongtimeatthetable,whileAmericansseeeatingassomethingtobesqueezedbetweentheotherdailyactivities.MercolabelievesAmericanslosetheabilitytosensewhentheyareactuallyfull.SotheykeepeatinglongaftertheFrenchwouldhavestopped.Inaddition,hepointsoutthatAmericansdrivetohugesupermarketstobuycannedandfrozenfoodsfortheweek.TheFrench,instead,tendtoshopdaily,walkingtosmallshopsandfarmers'marketswheretheyhaveachoiceoffreshfruits,vegetables,andeggsaswellashighqualitymeatsforeachmeal.
AfteravisittotheUnitedStates,MireilleGuiliano,authorofFrenchWomenDon'tGetFat,decidedtowriteabouttheimportanceofknowingwhentostopratherthansuggestinghowtoavoidfood.Todayshecontinuestostayslimandrarelygoestothegym.
Inspiteofallthesedifferences,evidenceshowsthatrecentlifestylechangesmaybeaffectingFrencheatinghabits.Todaytherateofobesity—orextremeoverweight—amongadultsisonly6%.However,asAmericanfastfoodgainsacceptanceandtheyoungrejectoldertraditions,theobesityrateamongFrenchchildrenhasreached17%—andisgrowing.
( )1.InwhatwayaretheFrenchdifferentfromAmericansaccordingtoDr.JosephMercola?
A.Theygoshoppingatsupermarketsmorefrequently.
B.Theysqueezeeatingbetweentheotherdailyactivities.
C.Theyregardeatingasakeypartoftheirlifestyle.
D.Theyusuallyeattoomuchcannedandfrozenfood.
( )2.Thistextismainlyabouttherelationshipbetween________.
A.AmericansandtheFrench
B.lifestyleandobesity
C.childrenandadults
D.fastfoodandoverweight
( )3.Thistextismainlydeveloped________.
A.bycontrastB.byspace
C.byprocess D.byclassification
( )4.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?
A.ATVinterview.
B.Afoodadvertisement.
C.Ahealthreport.
D.Abookreview.
【主旨大意】康奈尔大学的一项研究对比了法国人与美国人生活方式和饮食方式的不同。
结果表明,生活方式与饮食方式会影响人的体重情况。
1.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。
根据文章第二段第一句“AccordingtoDr.JosephMercola,ahealthexpert,theFrenchseeeatingasanimportantpartoftheirlifestyle.”可知,法国人与美国人的区别在于前者将饮食当作他们生活方式的一部分。
故选C项。
A、B、D三项都是美国人的生活方式。
2.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。
根据文章第一段第二句“NowaresearchbyCornellUniversitysuggestshowlifestyleanddecisionsabouteatingmayaffectweight.”可知,这篇文章主要说明生活方式与肥胖的关系。
故选B项。
3.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。
根据文章第二段第一、二句“…theFrenchseeeatingasanimportantpartoftheirlifestyle…whileAmericansseeeatingassomethingtobesqueezedbetweentheotherdailyactivities.”可推断出文章主要通过对比的方式来展开全文。
bycontrast意为“通过对比”;byspace意为“通过空间(顺序)”;byprocess意为“通过过程”;byclassification意为“通过分类”。
故选A项。
4.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。
文章首段就提出人的肥胖与自身的生活、饮食方式有关。
末段又提到现在的法国年轻人在摈弃传统饮食习惯后开始面临肥胖问题。
综合全文内容可推断出这篇文章很可能来自一篇健康报道。
故选C项。
B
(2016陕西西安第七十中学11月检测,C)
Nightafternight,shecametopullthecoversuparoundmeandmakemefeelcomfortableinbed,evenlongaftermychildhoodyears.Followingherlongstandingcustom,shewouldleandownandpushmylonghairoutoftheway,thenkissmyforehead.
Idon'trememberwhenitfirststartedannoyingme—herhandspushingmyhairthatway.Butitdidannoyme,fortheyfeltworkwornandroughagainstmyyoungskin.Finally,onenight,Ishoutedoutather,“Don'tdothatanymore—yourhandsaretoorough!
”Shedidn'tsayanythinginreply.Butneveragaindidmymothercloseoutmydaywiththatfamiliarexpressionofherlove.
Timeaftertime,withthepassingyears,mythoughtsreturnedtothatnight.BythenImissedmymother'shands,missedhergoodnightkissonmyforehead.Sometimestheincidentseemedveryclose,sometimesfaraway.Butalwaysitremainedinthebackofmymind.
Well,theyearshavepassed,andI'mnotalittlegirlanymore.Momisinhermidseventies,andthosehandsIoncethoughttobesorougharestilldoingthingsformeandmyfamily.She'sbeenourdoctor,reachingintoafirstaidkitfortheremedytocalmayounggirl'sstomachorsoothetheboy'sinjuredknee.Shecooksthebestfriedchickenintheworld…getsstainsoutofbluejeanslikeInevercould….
Now,myownchildrenaregrownandgone.MomnolongerhasDad,andonspecialoccasions,Ifindmyselfdrawnnextdoortospendthenightwithher.SoitwaslateonThanksgivingEve,asIsleptinthebedroomofmyyouth,afamiliarhandhesitantlyranacrossmyfacetobrushthehairfrommyforehead.Thenakiss,eversogently,touchedmybrow.
Inmymemory,forthethousandthtime,Irecalledthenightmyyoungvoicecomplai