届步步高高考英语大一轮复习讲义课时提能练1516.docx

届步步高高考英语大一轮复习讲义课时提能练1516.docx

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届步步高高考英语大一轮复习讲义课时提能练1516

课时提能练（十五）　

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

（2019·长沙测评）Scientistsfoundgravitationalwavesastheywatchedtheeffectsoftwoblackholesrunningintoeachotherandformingamuchbiggerone，acenturyafterAlbertEinsteinpredictedthatsuchaneventwouldsendripples（波纹）throughspacetime.

Scientists“heard”thewavewiththehelpoflaserbeams（激光束）sentthroughtwopipeswhichformanangleof90°betweeneachotherandarenearly2，000milesapartintheUS.Thatequipmentletthemglimpsethenatureofblackholes.TogethertheymadeuptheLaserInterferometerGravitationalWaveObservatory（LIGO）．

GravitationalwaveswerefirstobservedinSeptember2015andtheseconddetection（发现）occurredthreemonthslater.Thethirddetection，whichtheastronomerscalledGW170104，wasmadeonJanuary4，2017.Theastronomersbelievedtheirlatestfinding“providescluesaboutthedirectionsinwhichtheblackholesarespinning”．

“Blackholesarebeautifullysimple.Youjustneedtwonumberstodescribethemcompletely：

mass，howmuchtheybendspacetime，andaspin，howmuchspacetimemovesaboutthem，”saidDr.ChristopherBerryoftheUniversityofBirmingham，oneoftheresearchersintheproject.“Butittakeslotsofhardworktomeasurethesefromourdata.Wenowhavewonderfulmassmeasurements，andarestartingtouncoverdetailsaboutthespinsoftheseblackholes，whichcouldgiveevidenceforhowtheyformed.”TheresearcherssaidtheirdiscoveryaddedfurtherevidencetosupportEinstein'sgeneraltheoryofrelativityandconfirmedtheexistenceofpreviouslyunknownblackholes.

Morethan1，000scientistsfromtheLIGOScientificCollaborationwereinvolvedintheprojectalongwithanadditional280researchersfromtheEuropeanbasedVirgoCollaboration.Scientistshopegravitationalwaveswillofferacompletelydifferentviewoftheuniverse，allowingthemtostudyeventsthatmightbehiddenfromtraditionaltelescopes.“Wehavefurtherconfirmationoftheexistenceofstellar（恒星的）massblackholesthatarelargerthan20solarmasses.Wedidn'tknowtheyexistedbeforeLIGOdetectedthem，”MITresearcherDavidShoemakersaid.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇科普说明文。

科学家们第三次探测到引力波，相对论再获证实，促进了黑洞研究。

1．Whopioneeredgravitationalwaves?

A．DavidShoemaker.

B．ChristopherBerry.

C．ScientistsfromLIGO.

D．AlbertEinstein.

D　[细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“acenturyafterAlbertEinsteinpredictedthatsuchaneventwouldsendripples（波纹）throughspacetime”可知，科学家们的这一发现发生在爱因斯坦预测此事件的一个世纪后，因此爱因斯坦是引力波的先行者。

]

2．Howdidscientistsdiscovergravitationalwaves?

A．Byusinglaserbeams.

B．Byjoiningverticalpipes.

C．Byusingtraditionaltelescopes.

D．Byfollowingtheorbitofblackholes.

A　[细节理解题。

根据第二段第一句话“Scientists‘heard’thewavewiththehelpoflaserbeams（激光束）sentthroughtwopipeswhichformanangleof90°betweeneachotherandarenearly2，000milesapartintheUS”可知，科学家们是通过使用激光束来探测到引力波的。

]

3．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastthreeparagraphs?

A．Morethan2，000scientiststookpartintheevent.

B．Scientistshavealreadydiscoveredspinsofblackholes.

C．Gravitationalwavescontributedtoblackholes'research.

D．Thereisnowaytofindouthowblackholesareformed.

C　[推理判断题。

根据第三段中的“Theastronomersbelievedtheirlatestfinding‘providescluesaboutthedirectionsinwhichtheblackholesarespinning’”和第四段中的“We...arestartingtouncoverdetailsaboutthespinsoftheseblackholes，whichcouldgiveevidenceforhowtheyformed”可知，科学家们第三次发现引力波给黑洞的旋转方向提供了线索，黑洞的旋转细节可能为它们的形成方式提供证据。

即引力波对黑洞的研究有作用。

故选C。

]

4．Whatdothescientiststhinkoftheapplicationofgravitationalwaves?

A．It'scontroversial.　B．It'spromising.

C．It'slimited.D．It'sdemanding.

B　[观点态度题。

根据最后一段中的“Scientistshopegravitationalwaveswillofferacompletelydifferentviewoftheuniverse，allowingthemtostudyeventsthatmightbehiddenfromtraditionaltelescopes”可知，科学家们希望引力波会提供一个完全不同的宇宙观，使得他们能研究使用传统望远镜可能发现不了的事情，即他们认为引力波的运用很有前景。

故选B项。

]

B

（2019·日照检测）ComicCon，shortfor“comicconvention”，isaneventwherefansgathertoshareandcelebratetheirloveforcomicrelatedpopculture.ThefirstcomicbookconventionswereheldintheUSAinthe1960sandsincethentheyhavebecomeextremelypopularallovertheworld，withsomeofthebiggereventsdrawingcrowdsofover100，000peopleandlastingseveraldays.Nowadaysthereismuchmorethanjustcomicbooksonshowatacomiccon.Themostpopulareventshaveexpandedtoincludemanyothertypesofmediaandartforms，forexamplecartoons，scifi，videogamesandTVseries.

Oneofthehighlightsofacomicconformanyfansistheabilitytointeract（互动）withcelebritiesoftheindustryasmanyartists，writers，actorsanddirectorswillappearasspecialguests.Thesespecialguestssignautographs（亲笔签名），poseforphotoswithfansandholdquestionandanswersessions.Sometimesthefanswillqueueforseveralhourstomeetthesespecialguests!

Ofcoursethereisalotofgoodsonsaleatacomiccon.FromcomicbookstopostersandTshirtstotoys，theoptionsareendlessbutthereisonethinginparticularthatsetscomicconsapartfromordinarytradefairsandthatiscosplay.Cosplayisthenamegiventodressingupasyourfavoritecharactersfromcomics，TVandothertypesrepresentedatcomicconsandithasbecomecommonformanyfansatcomicconstodothis.Manypeoplemaketheirowncostumesandsomeofthemareveryelegant.Cosplayinghasbecomeanimportantpartofcomicconsallovertheworldandthereareevencompetitionsforthebestcosplay!

Goingtoacomicconislikesteppingintoanotherworldfullofsuperheroes，timetravelers，monstersandrobots—youcanreallyfindthemallatacomiccon！

Itisagreatplacetobeyourfavoritecharacterforadayandshareyourloveofallcomicrelatedthingswithotherlikemindedpeople.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了国际动漫展的历史、现状和内容等。

5．WhatdoweknowaboutComicCon?

A．Ithasquitealonghistory.

B．ItisapopularAmericanartfestival.

C．Itwasdesignedtoattractforeigntravelers.

D．Itwasacomicbookshowatthebeginning.

D　[推理判断题。

根据第一段中的“ThefirstcomicbookconventionswereheldintheUSAinthe1960s...Nowadaysthereismuchmorethanjustcomicbooksonshowatacomiccon”可知，第一届漫画书展于20世纪60年代在美国举行，但是现在国际动漫展不止有漫画书展。

由此可知，国际动漫展是以漫画书展作为开始的，故选D项。

]

6．Whichofthefollowingisawayofinteractionbetweenfansandcelebrities?

A．Holdingaparty.

B．Discussingphotography.

C．Exchangingautographs.

D．Askingandansweringquestions.

D　[细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“Thesespecialguestssignautographs（亲笔签名），poseforphotoswithfansandholdquestionandanswersessions”可知，这些特邀嘉宾会为粉丝签名、和粉丝合影、回答粉丝的问题。

故D项正确。

]

7．Whichofthefans'activitiesmakesacomicconsodifferent?

A．Buyingalotofgoods.

B．Meetingfamouspeople.

C．Dressingthemselvesascharacters.

D．Makingtheirowncostumes.

C　[推理判断题。

根据第三段中的“butthereisonething...thatiscosplay.Cosplayisthenamegiventodressingupasyourfavoritecharactersfromcomics”可知，cosplay使得国际动漫展不同于普通的交易会，因为人们可以把自己打扮成他们最喜欢的人物。

故C项正确。

]

8．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A．RecommendingatriptoaComicCon.

B．GivinganintroductionofComicCon.

C．ExplainingwhyComicConissopopular.

D．Describingtheauthor'sexperienceataComicCon.

B　[主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，本文向我们介绍了国际动漫展的发展历史、现状及活动内容等方面。

故B项正确。

]

Ⅱ.完形填空

（2019·南宁联考）Howimportantisittoofferourlove，especiallytothosewhoareclosesttous，withnostringsattached？

The1oftheexpression“nostringsattached”maygobacktoancienttimeswhen2werewrittenonparchment（羊皮纸）thatwasrolledupand3withastring.

Anunknownauthorbeautifully4thenostringsattachedloveinherheartfeltstorytitledTheRock.

Asshegrewolderherteenagedaughterbecameincreasinglyrebellious（叛逆的）．Itwaslateonenightwhenthepolice5herdaughterfordrunkdriving.Shehadtogotothepolicestationto6herdaughterup.

Theydidn't7untilthenextafternoon.Shebrokethe8bygivingherdaughterasmallgiftwrappedbox.Herdaughter9openeditandfoundalittle10inside.

Herdaughterrolledher11andsaid，“Cute，Mom，what'sthisfor？

”

“Readthecard，”she12．

Herdaughtertookthecardoutoftheenvelopeintheboxand13it.Tearsstartedtotrickledownherdaughter'scheeks.Herdaughtergotupandhuggedherasthe14felltothefloor.

15thecardwerethesewords：

“Thisrockismorethan200，000，000yearsold.ThatishowlongitwilltakebeforeI16you.”

Thismotherisnotsaying，“Iwillloveyou17...”Insteadshesaysthatshewillloveherdaughterforeverandnothingcanchangethat.No18attached.

Whenwelearnto19likethat，Ithinkwe'llunderstandthewordsofEmmetFox，whosaid，“Ifyoucouldonlyloveenough，youcouldbethemost20personintheworld.”

【语篇解读】　本文通过描述一位母亲送给叛逆的女儿一块小石头和卡片留言的故事告诉我们，什么是对于最亲近的人的无条件的爱。

1．A.meaning　　　　B．origin

C．influenceD．change

B　[根据下文“gobacktoancienttimes”可知，这个短语可以追溯到古代，故此处指该短语的起源（origin）。

]

2．A.numbersB．names

C．documentsD．diaries

C　[根据语境可知，此处表示文件（documents）是写在羊皮纸上的。

]

3．A.securedB．covered

C．commentedD．hidden

A　[根据语境可知，此处指文件写在羊皮纸上，并卷起来，用绳子系紧。

A项意为“系紧”；B项意为“覆盖”；C项意为“评论”；D项意为“隐藏”，故选A。

]

4．A.publishesB．proves

C．analysesD．describes

D　[一位不知名的作家在她的标题为TheRock的故事中完美地描述（describes）了这种感人肺腑的无附带条件的爱。

]

5．A.blamedB．charged

C．arrestedD．challenged

C　[根据下文的“herdaughterfordrunkdriving.Shehadtogotothepolicestation”可知，作家的女儿酒驾，被警察逮捕（arrested）了。

]

6．A.pickB．bring

C．takeD．send

A　[根据语境可知，此处指作家去警局接女儿。

picksb.up“（开车）接某人”。

]

7．A.speakB．arrive

C．workD．rest

A　[根据上文作家去警局接女儿和下文作家通过送女儿一个包装好的礼物来打破这种“冲突”（conflict）可知，母女二人一直没有说话。

]

8．A.promiseB．law

C．heartD．conflict

D　[参见上题解析。

]

9．A.eagerlyB．casually

C．immediatelyD．secretly

B　[作家的女儿随意地打开盒子，发现里面有一块小石头。

根据上文讲述母女二人互不理睬，此处收到母亲的礼物，女儿应是一种随意的态度。

故选B。

A项意为“急切地，渴望地”；C项意为“立刻”；D项意为“秘密地”。

]

10．A.toyB．ring

C．penD．rock

D　[根据文章倒数第三段中的“Thisrockismorethan200，000，000yearsold”可知，此处指发现盒子里有一块小石头。

与上