it用法小结.docx

it用法小结.docx

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it用法小结

It用法小结

一、用于指人以外的一切生物、无生命的东西和事情。

1．指动物和植物。

  —Oh，it'sLucy'shat．—Itlookslikeacat！

 Where'steagrown？

It'sgrowninthesoutheastofChina． 

   2．指代一些无生命的东西。

  Isityourwatch？

？

  3．代替上文提到过的整个事情。

如：

  Youmustn'tplayontheroad．It'sdangerous．

Hismothertoldhimtostudyhard,butitdidn’thelp.

二、用于指代人。

1．指代说话者心目中不太清楚的那个人，常在打电话或敲门时用。

  —Whoisknockingatthedoor？

谁在敲门？

 —It'sme．是我。

2．指代性别不详的婴幼儿或在不计较性别时，也可用it来指人。

如

Thechildsmiledwhenitsawitsmother．这小孩一见到母亲就笑了。

  Idon'tknowwhoitis．我不知道他是谁。

 3.．在回答用指示代词表示人的特殊问句时，常用it指人。

如：

  —Who'sthat？

—IsitKate？

  三、用于指时间、距离和自然现象等。

1．表示时间。

  —Whattimeisit？

—It'sten． 

  It'ssummerinAustralianow．。

2．表示距离。

如：

  It'shalfanhour'swalkfrommyhometotheschool．

  —Where'sthefarm，LiLei？

Isitfar？

 —No，it'squitenear．

3．表示自然现象。

如：

  Sometimesitsnowsandthelandisallwhite．

  Itisveryquiethereatthemoment．眼下这儿很安静。

四、用作形式主语。

1．It＋is／was＋形容词＋（for／ofsb．）＋动词不定式短语。

Itisinterestingtoplaywithsnowinwinter． 

It'simportantforustokeepthewaterclean．

It'sverykindofyoutosayso．

2.注意：

这一句式中的形容词位置也可换用名词；连系动词be也可换用其它连系动词，

It’sapity/afactthat/wh-clause

It'sagoodhabittogetupearlyandgotobedearly．

Itmustbegreatfuntoflytothemooninaspaceship．

3.ithappens/occurstosb.＋that从句中。

Ithappenedthatwehadmetsomewhere.

ItoccurredtomethatIshouldaskthepoliceforhelp.

4.It＋willbe／is／was＋nouse/nogood/uselessdoingsth.

It'sbadplayinginthestreet．

Isitanygoodtryingagain？

5．It＋is／was＋形容词＋从句。

Itiscertainthathewillcome．

It'struethathemayfallbehindtheotherstudents．

Itisnatural/possible/strangethatheshouldsayso．（虚拟语气）

 5．Ittakes（sb．）sometimetodosth．意为“（某人）花……时间做某事”。

如Ittookmeaweektofinishreadingthebook．

 6．a）Itseems／seemed/appears＋从句。

译为“看起来好像……”，此结构可以转换成“seem＋动词不定式”形式。

如：

  Itseemsthatheisill.＝Heseemstobeill．看起来他好像病了。

b）Itseems/remains/happensthat/wh-clause似乎,碰巧

=sb.seems/remains/happenstodo…

 7．Itseemsasifweshouldfinishittomorrow. 

c）Itoccurredtomethat/wh-clause我突然想到

8.Itdoesn’tmatterwh-clause…没有关系

Itmakesnodifferencethat/wh-clause…没有区别

9．It’ssaid/reported/believedthat/wh-clause

=sb.besaid/reported/believedtodo…

五、用作形式宾语。

 make/think/find/feel/consider+it+adj.+todo

Hefounditnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell．

Wethinkitnogoodreadinginbed．

Ithinkitnecessarythatwehavethemeeting．

六.构成强调句。

 ItwasinthestreetthatIsawLiPingthismorning. 

ItwasNancywhosawyoursisterinTokyolastweek.

ItwasyoursisterwhomNancysawinTokyolastweek.

ItwasinTokyothatNancysawyoursisterlastweek.

ItwaslastweekthatNancysawyoursisterinTokyo.

Itwasn’tuntillastsummerthatIheardfromher.

Itwasn’tformyselfthatIdidallthis.

Whowasitthatcalledhim“comrade”?

Howwasitthatyouforgottolockthedoor?

六．几组容易混淆的it句型结构

①. It’s（high/about）time….

Time之后可以接介词短语，动词不定式，that从句等，谓语动词需用虚拟语气“should+动词原形，或者动词的过去式”

It’s（about）timethatweshouldgo/wenttobed.

It’s（about）timeforustogotobed

②. It/this/that+is/was/willbe+thefirst（second….）time+that-clause

Thisisthefourthtime（that）shehasrungyoutoday.

Itwasthesecondtime（that）IhadvisitedtheGreatWalllastyear.

③. Itwas/willbelong（hours,days,years,etc）+before+clause

Itwillbetwoyearsbeforewemeetagain.

ItwasalongtimebeforeIgottosleepagainlastnight.

④. Itis/hasbeen+years（days,weeks,months,etc.）+since-clause

-----Whatwasthepartylike?

-----Wonderful.It’syearssinceIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.

Itis（hasbeen）fiveyearssinceIbegantolearnEnglish.

⑤. Itis/was+具体的时间点＋when-clause

本结构是定语从句句型，具体的时间是现行词，关系副词when引导定语从句。

Itis6o'clockwhenIgohomefromschooleveryday.

Itwasfiveo’clockintheafternoonwhentheyclimbeduptothetopofthemountain.

七．交际用语

1．makeit/manageit/在口语当中相当于succeed，表示：

成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达

　　例 It'shardtomakeittothetopinshowbusiness.

2．asitis

（1）相当于infact，inreality表示“事实上，实际情况是……”

Wehadplanedtofinishthetasktoday，butasitisweprobablywon'tfinishituntilnextweek.

（2）相当于方式状语从句，表示“照原样”

　　 Leavethetableasitis.

3．that'sit

（1）相当于That'sall.That'ssomuch.表示“至此为止，没有别的了”

　　例 Youcanhaveonemoresweet，andthat'sit.

（2）相当于That'sright.表示“对啦”

　　例 —Iguessthekeytotheproblemisthechoice“A”

　　—That'sit.

4．catchit

　　在口语中，相当于bepunished/scoldedfordoingsth.wrong.表示“因做错事而挨骂，受责备，受批评，受惩罚”

　　例 We'llreallycatchitformourteacherifwe'relateforclassagain.

5．getit=understandit

6．Takeit/thingseasy.

　　相当于Don'tworryordon'thurry.用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心，存住气”

　7． Takeiteasy！

Hewilldoitwell.

8．Believeitornot.表示“信不信由你”

　　例 Believeitornot，TomisgettingmarriedtoMarynextSunday.

9．Italldepends/thatalldepends

　　在口语中，相当于ithasn'tbeendecidedyet，表示“那得看情况，还没有定下来”

　　例 —Areyougoingtothecountrysideforholiday？

　　—It/Thatalldepends.

10.It'suptosb.

　　在口语中，相当于it'sdecidedbysb.表示“由……决定，由……负责，取决于……”

　　例 —Shallwegooutfordinner？

　　—It'suptoyou.

八．特殊句型

1．whenitcomesto（doing）sth.

Whenitcomestocomputergames，heisquiteanexpert.

2．It＋is／was＋one'sturn（duty，pleasure）＋todosth．意为“该轮到某人做某事（做某事是某人的责任、愉悦的事）”。

如：

  It'syourturntobeondutytomorrow．

It’smyturntolookafterthebaby.

3．ifitweren’tfor...或ifithadnotbeenfor...

Ifitweren’tformyjob，Iwouldcomewithyou.

Ifithadn’tbeenforyourhelp，Iwouldneverhavesucceeded

4．itis/wasthefirst/secondtimethat...

It’sthefirsttimethatIhaveheardhersing.

5．itisnowonderthat...

Itisnowonderthathegotthefirstplaceintheexam.

6．Itookitforgranted（that）youwouldbecoming.

7．Hehasn’tmadeitclearwhenheiscomingback.

8．Theyhaven’tmadeitknownwherethemeetingistotakeplace.

9．Ihateitwhenpeoplespeakwiththeirmouthsfull.

10．Iappreciateitifhedoesn’tcometomybirthdayparty.

11．Itmakesnodifferencewhetherwegobytrainorbyboat.

4）.IfconvenienttoyouIwillcometoseeyouthisevening．要是你方便的话，我今晚来看你。

（ifconvenienttoyou＝ifitisconvenienttoyou）

拓展

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