小学语法专项讲解及训练.docx
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小学语法专项讲解及训练
小学语法专项讲解及训练
LESSON1
英语名词单数变复数的规则
一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式，是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。
读音变化：
结尾是清辅音读[s]，结尾是浊辅音或元音读[z]。
例：
friend→friends;cat→cats;style→styles;sport→sports;piece→pieces
二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词，在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。
读音变化：
统一加读[iz]。
例：
bus→buses;quiz→quizzes;fox→foxes;match→matches;flash→flashes
三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y改变为i，再加-es。
读音变化：
加读[z]。
例：
candy→candies;daisy→daisies;fairy→fairies;lady→ladies;story→stories
四、以-o结尾的名词，如果不是外来词或缩写，就加-es，否则加-s构成复数。
读音变化：
加读[z]。
例：
tomato→tomatoes;potato→potatoes;torpedo→torpedoes;bingo→bingoes
反例：
silo→silos;piano→pianos（外来词）;photo→photos;macro→macros（缩写词）
五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词，多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves，但有例外。
读音变化：
尾音[f]改读[vz]。
例：
knife→knives;life→lives;leaf→leaves;staff→staves;scarf→scarves
反例：
roof→roofs
名词由单数变成复数的练习
写出下列名词复数
leaf______puppy_______box_______knife_______fly______
fox______bus______bench_____brush_____kiss______
church______dish_____ruler______peach________glass_____
pencil________boy______zoo______man______roof_______sheep_______knife______lady______key______story______
watch______bamboo_____city______family______day_____
apple______eraser______speech______thief______mouse______fish_____goose____people______ox_____Chinese_______deer_______foot______child_______tooth_______guy________hero_______spy______boss_____monkey______
city______goat______radio________horse______dog______
用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空：
1>Therearesomany________（wolf）intheforest.
2>Therearethree______（chair）intheclassroom.
3>These_______（tomato）arered.
4>______（hero）aregreat.
5>Mybrotherlooksaftertwo______（baby）
6>Therearesome______（deer）eatingthegrass.
7>Myfatherlikestoeat_______（potato）.
8>Chinese______（people）liketoeatnoodles.
9>Ihavealotof______（toy）inmybedroom.
10>Ihelpmymotherwash______（dish）inthekitchen.
11>Ihavetwo______（pencil-box）.
12>Therearesome______（bus）inthestreet.
13>Peterhaseight_____（foot）.
14>Lindahasthree_______（tooth）.
15>Therearesome______（child）inthegarden.
16>Michaellikesthe______（mouse）.
17>Therearesome______（goose）intheriver.
18>Myuncleandfatherare_____（man）.
19>TomandKingare_____（boy）.
20>Lindahasthree______（tooth）.
选出正确形式
1．Icanseethree________inthezoo.
Amonkeys BmonkeysCmonkey
2.Thepighasfour______.
A.foot B.feet C.foots
3.Mytwobrothersareboth______.
A.policeman B.policemans C.policemen
4.Therearefour___________intheclass.
A.Japanese B.Japaneses C.Japan
5.Icanseeten_____inthepicture.
A.sheep B.dog C.pig
6.The_____hasthree______.
A.boys,watches B.boy,watch C.boy,watches
7.Canyousee_______ontheplate?
A.bread B.breads C.breades
8.Thegirloftenbrushesher_____beforeshegoestobed.
A.tooth B.tooths C.teeth
9.MrBlackoftendrinksome_________.
A.milk B.milks C.milkes
10.Therearesome_____onthefloor.
A.child B.water C.books
11._______willlearnEnglish.
A.Woman B.Women C.Man
12.Lucywillshowussomenew____ofhers.
A.photo B.photos C.photoes
13.Idranktwo______.
A.bottlesoforange B.bottleoforange C.bottlesoforanges
14.Thecateatstwo______lastnight.
A.mouses B.mice C.mouse
15.Ineedapenandsome_____.
A.books B.deskC.chair
LESSON2
一般现在时
一般现在时：
表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态；常与everyday,everymorning.onSundays,
sometimes,often，usually,等连用
结构:
1.陈述句
主语+动词原形+其他
主语+动词（第三人称单数形式）+其他
2.否定句:
主语+don’t+动词原形+其他
第三人称单+doesn’t+动词原形+其他
3.一般疑问句:
Do+主语+动词原形+其他
Does+第三人称单数+动词原形+其他
动词第三人称单数形式：
1.在动词后+s
2.在以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词+es
3.以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加es
4.特殊have-has，go—goes,do--does等
专题训练
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式
help
guess
fly
make
leave
fix
swim
know
close
play
go
study
get
read
bring
watch
carry
do
wash
visit
exercise
enjoy
jump
have
二、把下列句子改为一般疑问句。
1.HehasameetingonSundays.
2.Hegoestoschoolatseveninthemorning.
3.Hedoeshishomeworkeveryday.
4.Mymotherdoesherhouseworkeveryday.
5.MyfatherandmothergooutforlunchonSundays.
6.Wedoourhomeworkafterschool.
三、把下列句子改为否定句。
1.Myfatherhasaneggforbreakfast.
2.LiLeidoeshishomeworkafterschool.
3.Wedoourhomeworkathome.
4.Theyhaveameetingeverymorning.
四、用所给动词的正确形式及助动词填空
1. Weoften_________（play）intheplayground.
2. He________（get）upatsixo’clock.
3. _______you________（brush）yourteetheverymorning?
4. What_______heusually_______（do）afterschool?
5. Danny__________（study）English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtatschool.
6. Mikesometimes_________（go）totheparkwithhissister.
7. She_________（watch）TVwithhisparentseveryevening.
8.________Mike________（read）Englisheveryday?
LESSON3
人称代词
人称
主格
宾格
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
反身代词
第一人称
（我）（我们）
单数
I
me
my
mine
myself
复数
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
第二人称
（你）（你们）
单数
you
you
your
yours
yourself
复数
you
you
your
yours
yourselves
第三人称
（它）（他）（她）（他们）
单数
he
him
his
his
himself
she
her
her
hers
herself
it
it
its
its
itself
复数
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
人称代词：
要注意它们在句中是在主格位置还是宾格位置，来确定用什么格，并注意变化，反身代词对主语、宾语起着强调作用，名词性物主代词起着名词作用，它后面不要再加名词了。
而形容词性的物主代词要修饰名词，句中没有被修饰的
名词就应该用名词性的物主代词。
专题训练
一.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Thatisnot____kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but_________isverybig.（I）
2.Thedressis_____.Giveitto_________.（she）
3.Isthis_________watch?
（you）No,it’snot_________.（I）
4._________ismybrother._________nameisJack.
Look!
Thosestampsare_________.（he）
5._________dressesarered.（we）Whatcolourare_________?
（you）
6.Herearemanydolls,whichoneis_________?
（she）
7.Icanfindmytoy,butwhere’s_________?
（you）
8.Show_________yourkite,OK?
（they）
9.Ihaveabeautifulcat._________nameisMimi.
Thesecakesare_________.（it）
10.Arethese_________tickets?
No,_________arenot_________._________aren’there.（they）
11.Shall_________havealookatthatclassroom?
Thatis_________classroom.（we）
12._________ismyaunt.Doyouknow_________job?
_________anurse.（she）
13.Thatisnot_________camera._________isathome.（he）
14.Whereare_________?
Ican’tfind_________.
Let’scall_________parents.（they）
15.Don’ttouch_________._________notacat,_________atiger!
（it）
16._________sisterisill.Pleasegoandget_________.（she）
17._________don’tknowhername.
Wouldyoupleasetell_________.（we）
18.Somanydogs.Let’scount_________.（they）
19.Ihavealovelybrother._________isonly3.
Ilike_________verymuch.（he）
20.MayIsitbeside_________?
（you）
21.Lookatthatdesk.Thosebookareon_________.（it）
22.Thegirlbehind_________isourfriend.（she）
二、用am,is,are填空
1.I______aboy.______youaboy?
No,I_____not.
2.Thegirl______Jack'ssister.
3.Thedog_______tallandfat.
4.Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher.
5.______yourbrotherintheclassroom?
6.Where_____yourmother?
She______athome.
7.How_______yourfather?
8.MikeandLiuTao______atschool.
9.Whosedress______this?
10.Whosesocks______they?
11.That______myredskirt.
12.Who______I?
13.Thejeans______onthedesk.
14.Here______ascarfforyou.
15.Here______somesweatersforyou.
16.Theblackgloves______forSuYang.
17.Thispairofgloves______forYangLing.
18.Thetwocupsofmilk_____forme.
19.Sometea______intheglass.
20.Gaoshan'sshirt_______overthere.
21.Mysister'sname______Nancy.
22.This______notWangFang'spencil.
23.______DavidandHelenfromEngland?
24.There______agirlintheroom.
25.There______someapplesonthetree.
26._______thereanykitesintheclassroom?
27._______thereanyapplejuiceinthebottle?
28.There_______somebreadontheplate.
29.There_______aboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomeninthepark.
30.You,heandI______fromChina.
Therebe句型
Therebe句型：
表示某处有某物
1.Thereis+名词单数/不可数名词
如：
Thereisateacherintheclassroom.
Thereissomewaterinthecup.
2.Thereare+可数名词复数
如：
Therearesomepensonthedesk.
否定句：
一般疑问句：
练习一、选择填空
1．There_____aclockonthetable.
A.is B.are
2.______therearadioonyourdesk?
A. are B.is
3.____thereamaponthewall?
Yes,there______.
A.are/is B.is/are C.is/is D.are/are
4.There_____somestudentsintheclassroom.
A.are B.is
5.There_____apencil,abookandtwopensonthetable.
A.is B.are
6.There_____twoapples,oneorangeandonebananaonthetable.
A.is B.are
7.Arethere_____picturesonthewall?
No,therearen't______.
A.any/any B.some/any C.some/some
8.Thereisn'tabookinhishand.Thereis_____bookinhishand.
A.no B.not
9.Thereisatree____theplayground.
A.at B.near
10.--Arethere_____shopsnearhere?
--No,thereare_____shopsnearhere.
A.some,not B.some,any C.any,not D.any,no
11.There_______somewaterinthecup
A.isB.amC.areD.be
12.______thereenoughgoodnewsintoday'snewspaper?
A.IsB.AreC.WereD.Was
13.Howmanypeople______inyourfamily
A.doyouhaveB.arethereC.youhadD.thereare
14.There_______anappleandtenbananasinthebasket.Youcantakeanyofthem.
A.isB.areC.hasD.have
15.Howmanyteachers______thereinyourschool
A.isB.areC.haveD.has
16.There______anappletreeneartheriver.
A.isB.amC.areD.be
17.There______anythingnewintoday'snewspaper.
A.isn'tB
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