雅思写作de语言.docx

雅思写作de语言.docx

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雅思写作de语言

写作语言

实际上，所谓的金子无非是语言的variety，即用词的变化，用句的变化，就语言而论不存在那个词好，那个词不好，那个句子好，那个句子不好的说法。

所谓语言漂亮是指语言的变化。

具体现下：

词汇第一位，语法第二位。

词汇：

1、词汇的宽度；即词汇的面，多变化，一定不能出现重复的词。

２、词汇的难度。

基础差的同学得分：

词汇的难度可能作不到，但词汇的宽度可以贯彻写作意识。

第一档：

没有词汇概念

第二档：

有意识的换掉重复的词

第三档：

挑战词汇的难度

句子结构：

（语法）

1、句子结构的精确性；

2、句子结构的复杂性

a.句型的开端多变化（种种方式）

b包含从句（状语从句，定语从句，同位语从句，非谓语动词等）

第一档：

没有语法概念，低级错误一大堆

第二档：

句子结构没有什么错误，但多为简单句

第三档：

努力做复杂句子结构，学会用句型去包装

不要去用，moreandmore,或somepeoplethink

要改变语言缺乏这一毛病，就要平时积累对同一意思的不同表达法，在写作时善于变化，以下句子均没有任何错误，但b句的表达比a句更优秀。

这就是实质性的涨分数

如要表示“使”不要仅靠make;

社会拒绝给妇女以平等的权利。

a）Thissocietystillmakeswomenunabletoenjoyequalrights.

b）Womenarestilldenied/deprivedof/cannothaveaccesstoequalrights.

这件小事情使我想起了过去的一段经历。

a）Theincidentmademerecalloneofmypastexperiences.

b）Theincidentremindedmeofoneofmypastexperiences.

c）theincidentservesasacluewhichrenders/enablesmereminiscentofmypastexperience.

如要表达“越来越”，不要只使用moreandmore：

a）MoreandmorestudentsfindlearningEnglishhasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.

b）Studentsingrowingnumbersfindthatlearninghasbecomeincreasinglydifficult.（anincreasingnumberofstudents）

ThedifficultyinlearningEnglishhasbeenrecognized/identifiedbyamajorityofstudents.

a）Moreandmoreteenagerssmokecigarettesinrecentyears.

b）Teenagesmokingisontheriseinrecentyears.（witness）

a）Moreandmoreteachersaredemandedwiththedevelopmentofeconomy.

b）Thereisanincreasingdemandforteacherswiththedevelopmentofeconomy.Thedevelopmentofeconomywitnessesanincreasingdemandforteachers.

非谓语动词

如要表达“大多数”。

不要一味用most：

a）Moststudentstakeapart-timejobafterclass.

b）Thevastmajorityofstudentstakeapart-timejobafterclass.

a）Mostpeopletakepartinsportsofdifferentkinds.

b）Theconsiderableproportionofpeopletakepartinsportsofdifferentkinds.

a）Mostcollegestudentstakeanegativeattitudetowardssmoking.

b）Thelargepercentageofcollegepopulationtakeanegativeattitudetowardssmoking.

如要用“不仅……而且……”不要只用notonly...butalso：

a）Thefactorsforariseinteenagersmokingisnotonlysocialbutalsopsychological.（什么方面在增长的因素）

b）Thefactorsforariseinteenagesmokingispsychologicalaswellassocial.

a）Takingapart-timejobcannotearnalittlemoney,butalsohaveanopportunitytocontactwithsociety.

b）Takingapart-timejobmeansalittlemoneyyoucanearn.Italsomeansanopportunitytocontactwithsociety.干什么不仅仅意味着什么

a）Oldpeoplegotoparknotonlytodoexercisebutalsotomakefriends.

b）Oldpeoplegotoparkasmuchforcompanionshipasforexercise.

利于弊：

aplusoraminus，ablessingoracurse，strengthsandweaknesses

缺点：

drawbacksandbenefits,meritsanddemerits都要比：

advantage和disadvantage好.正是这种变化，给文章带来了活力，使文章变得生动，耐读。

比如一篇谈论好学生的文章，肯定会多次谈到“好学生”，在文章中，变化使用：

brilliantstudents,topstudents,outstandingboyandgirls,studentsofhighability要比一味说goodstudents，给人更多的美感。

makeefforts=make（exert/devote/direct）untiring（painstaking/concerted齐心协力的/consistent坚持不懈的/tremendous/persistent/sustained）efforts但后者会毫无疑问的得到更多的分数。

WatchingtoomuchTVisharmfultooureyesight

=HeavyexposuretoTVwillproduceharmfuleffectoneyesight.

所以，我们提倡在写作考试中大胆的运用一些较难的词汇，即使有点错，立地有点不稳，但还是要比难度系数不高，下地四平八稳得的分数高。

以下a）句显得不很简练，b）就是真正的简练，但有不流于简单

a）TheprogressIhavemademakesmesurprised.

b）TheprogressIhavemadesurprisesme.（简练）

a）Thismakesmeconcludethatmoneydoesn’tmeaneverything.

b）Thisleadsmetotheconclusionthatmoneydoesn’tmeaneverything.

当发现追求一一对应，而找不到对应词时，说出意思就可以了。

２、句型的变化

所谓句子变化，主要是指句子的开头要有变化（主语开头，介词短语开头，壮语从句开头，或形式主语开头等等，总之，要开头变化多端），句子的结构要有变化，句子的长度要有变化。

运用的手法：

１、不要连续使用几个简单句，要学会使用复杂句

a）Teenagersarepressuredbyschoolwork.Theyarealsoencouragedbytheirpeers.Undersuchcircumstances,theyresorttosmoking.Butsometimestheyfeelalittleguilty.（尽管很漂亮，，高考还可以）

b）Pressuredbyschoolworkandencouragedbytheirpeers,teenagersoftenresorttosmoking,thoughtheyfeelalittleguiltysometimes.（非谓语形式作为开端，增加了句子结构的复杂性）

下面的是顶级的复杂句：

a）Collegestudentsnowareprimarilyinterestedingradesandeconomicsuccess.Theyareexpectedtocheatonexamsmorefrequently.Thisisnotlikethosewhograduated10yearsago.（unliketheirpredecessorstenyearsago,）Theyareonly（exclusively）concernedwiththeirownpersonal（individual）future.Theyconsiderlittleproblemsofthesociety.Allthesearereportedbyarecentstudy.

b）Arecentstudyreportsthatcollegestudentsnowareprimarilyinterestedingradesandeconomicsuccess,thattheyareexpectedtocheatonexamsmorefrequentlythanthosewhograduated10yearsago,andthattheyaremoreconcernedwiththeirownpersonalfuturethanwithproblemsofsociety.

２、不要总是以有生命的名词和人称代词开头

a）ManypeoplethinkbirthcontrolisquitenecessaryinChina.

b）Itiswidelythought/believed/held/accepted）thatbirthcontrolisquitenecessaryinChina.

a）Moreandmorepeopleagree（realize/areaware）thatwomenshouldenjoyfullequalitywithmen.

b）Thereisagrowingagreementthatwomenshouldenjoyfullequalitywithmen.

a）ManyChinesepeoplehavegonetotheU.S.inthepast15years.

b）Thepast15yearshavebroughtmanyChinesepeopletotheU.S..

a）Wealmostforgetthisevent.

b）Thiseventisnowalmostfadingfromourmemory.（逐渐消退）

a）Studentsshouldcertainlymakecontinuousefforts.

b）Continuouseffortsonthepartofstudentsarecertainlyrequired.

a）Weeasilydrewtheconclusionthroughtheinvestigation.

b）Theinvestigationeasilyledustotheconclusion.

3、不要千篇一律的使用主动态

a）Wemaythinkmoreoftheelderlywholiveapartfromtheirchildren.

b）Morethoughtsmaybegiventotheelderlywholiveapartfromtheirchildren.

４、不要总是用if\because\then这样的句子，口语味道太浓,要注意使用书面英语。

a）Ifyoucomparebicycleswithcarscarefully,youwillfindbicyclesaresuperiortocars.

b）Carefulcomparisonofbicycleswithcarswillshowthesuperiorityoftheformeroverthelatter.（作为单词来记）

a）Ifweonlyapplybookknowledge,wewillnotgetgoodresults.

b）Theapplicationofbookknowledgealonewon’tbringyougoodresults.

a）Ifwecanbetterunderstandthegreaterpressureofpopulationgrowth,wewillhaveacorrectattitudetowardsfamilyplanning.

b）Abetterunderstandingofthegreaterpressureofpopulationgrowthisessentialtoacorrectattitudetowardsfamilyplanning.（套话）

a）Whenawomanseesthatsheisgoingtobelaidoff,shebeginstoworryalldayandnight.

b）Themereprospectoflay-offwouldsetawomantoworryalldayandnight.

５、不要对动词过分依赖，要学会用名词结构来表达意思。

a）Thestyleoflivinghasbecomemoreandmorepopularandacceptedbymoreandmoreyoungpeople.

b）Thestyleoflivinghasfounditsgrowingpopularityandacceptanceamongyoungpeople.

a）Itistimeforustoreviseeducationalsystemandthenprovideittooursociety.

b）Itistimeforustoprovideoursocietyarevisededucationalsystem.

a）IfwearewatchingtoomuchTV,ourreadingabilitywillbeseriouslyaffected.

c）HeavyexposuretoTVwillexertannegativeeffectonoutreadingability.

a）Ifwedon’trecognizetheseriousproblemofgrowingpopulation,wewillmakeabigmistake.

b）Failuretorecognizetheseriousnessofgrowingpopulationwillleadtoabigmistake.

６、不要总是用肯定句来表达，要学会用否定句来表达肯定的意思。

即双重否定＝肯定

a）Everyyoungboyandgirlwantstoearnalittlemoneytohelpcoverhighercollegecost.

b）Thereishardlyayoungboyandgirlwhodoesn’twanttoearnalittlemoneytohelpcoverhighercollegecost.

Itisnotuncommonthat=itiscommonthat

a）Wheneveryoupickupanewspaper,youwillalwaysfindadvertisements.

b）Itisimpossibletopickupanewspaperwithoutadvertisements.

a）Gatheringaroundandlisteningtomotherorfatherreadagoodstoryisthebestpastimestobringafamilyclosertogether.

b）Fewpastimesbringafamilyclosertogetherthangatheringaroundandlisteningtomotherorfatherreadagoodstory.

a）Foodisthemostbasicissuetoindividualandnationalsurvival.

b）Noissueisasbasictoindividualandnationalsurvivalasfood.

７、恰当使用排比、平行句（有修辞效果，一次作文最多用一次）

a）Iaminfavorofequalrightsforwomen.Ithinkwomenshouldespeciallyhavetherighttocompetewithmenforjobsonequalterms.Theyshouldgetthesamepayasmenforthesamejob.Theyshouldalsohaveequalopportunitiesforpromotion.

b）Iaminfavorofequalrightsforwomen,especiallytherighttocompetewithmenforjobsonequalterms,therighttogetthesamepayasmenforthesamejob,andtherighttoequalopportunitiesforpromotion.

a）Thenationwidecontroversyoverthecurrentreformswilltestthecourageofourpeople.Thoughthecontroversywecanalsoseethedeterminationofourgovernment.

b）Thenationwidecontroversyoverthecurrentreformswilltestthecourageofourpeopleandthedeterminationofourgovernment.