鄂教版备战中考初中英语专项训练阅读理解科普环保类I卷.docx
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鄂教版备战中考初中英语专项训练阅读理解科普环保类I卷
鄂教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解(科普环保类)(I)卷
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一、阅读理解(共5题;共52分)
1.(10分)(2019九上·咸阳月考)阅读理解
Whydowelikedrinkingwaterfromplasticbottles?
Somepeoplethinkitishealthyandclean.Othersdrinkbottledwaterbecauseit'seasy—youcancarryitaroundwithyou.Inhotcountries,likeGreece,weoftenbuybottlesofcoldwaterinsummer.
However,makinglotsofplasticisnotagoodideaformanyreasons.Firstofall,weneedalotofoilforplasticproducts.Weusuallyuseoilasasource(资源)ofenergy.Ifwereducedthenumberofbottleswemade,wewouldn'tneedsomuchoil.Plasticbottlesalsopollutetheenvironment.Ifwerecycledallourplasticbottles,wewouldn'tneedsomuchspaceforrubbishdumps.ButinGreece,wedon'trecyclemuchoftheplasticweuse.In2006,Greeksrecycledonlyabout10%ofplasticwaste.Therestbecamerubbishonlandandinriversandseas.
Sonexttimeyouwanttothrowawayaplasticbottleinthelitterbin,stopandthink.Ifyourecycledit,youwouldhelptheenvironment.Butwhatcanyoudowhenthereisn'tarecyclingbinnearyou?
Well,therearelotsofusefulwaysthatyoucanuseyourbottlesagain.Forexample,anemptybottlemakesagreatpiggybankforyourpocketmoney,andifyoucutabottleinhalf,youwillhaveaplantpot.Gogreen!
Youcanmakeadifference.
(1)Whatisnotmentionedaboutbottledwaterinthispassage?
A.It'shealthy.
B.It'sclean.
C.It'seasy.
D.It'sexpensive.
(2)Plasticproductsaremadefrom________.
A.energy
B.oil
C.rubbish
D.plants
(3)About________ofplasticwastebecamerubbishinGreecein2006.
A.10%
B.50%
C.80%
D.90%
(4)Whichisthebestwaytodealwithusedplasticbottles?
A.Torecyclethem.
B.Tomakeapiggybank.
C.Tomakeaplantpot.
D.Todropthemintotheriver.
(5)Theunderlinedpartinthispassagetellsus"________".
A.Tomakeadifferentlife,you'dbettergooutside
B.Tolookdifferent,you'dbetterweargreenclothes
C.Toprotecttheenvironment,youcandosomething
D.Togogreen,youshoulduseplasticproducts
2.(12分)(2018·包头)阅读理解
PossibleEarth-LikePlanetNextDoor?
Scientistssaytheydiscoveredanearth-likeplanetoutsideoursolarsystem(太阳系).Itisaplanetthatcouldsupportlife.
Thisplanetisjust4.2lightyearsawayfromus.Itissoclosethatspacescientistshaveconsidereditasanextdoorneighbor.Theysayitcouldbereachedbyanunmannedspaceshipbeforetheendofthecentury--intimeforpeoplealivetodaytoseeit.
Aninternationalteamofscientistsfoundtheplanetmovingaroundthestarcalled"ProximaCentauri".TheresultcameoutlastmonthfromthescientificmagazineNature.
Scientistshavelongthoughtthataplanetwithwaterisimportantforlife.Andithastobeneithertoohotnortoocold.Thenewly-discoveredplanetisalittlelargerthanearthScientistshavenameditProximaB.Itmovesarounditssun,ProximaCentauri,onceevery11days.
Americanscientistshavebeenusinginstrumentsforyearstolookforearth-likeplanets.In2013,scientists'bestguesswasthatthereareaboutonebillion(1,000million)"earths"inspace.
AlanBossisthechairmanofagroupforouterspaceresearch.HesaidthatProximaBnotonlyconfirms(确认)thediscoveryofaplanet,butalsoincreasesthenumberofotherpossible“earths”greatly.
Bosssaiditispossible,evenlikely,thatmoststarshaveatleastoneearth-likeplanet,whichheconsiderssurprising.
Sofromtheearlynumberofabillion,thisnewresearchsuggeststheremaybeasmanypossibleearth-likeplanetsastherearestarsintheGalaxy(银河系).Thatis,anywherefrom250billionto500billion"earths".
ThismakesthepossibilityoflivingthingsincreasinglylikelyBosssaidhebelieveshumanbeingswillbeabletoshowthatthereislifeinplacesbesidesearthinhislifetime."Iam65,"hesaid,"butIexpecttostillbealivewhenithappens."
(1)WhenwillitbepossibleforanunmannedspaceshiptoreachProximaB?
A.Inabouteightyyears.
B.Inabout4.2years.
C.Inaboutelevendays.
D.Inaboutonebillionyears.
(2)Inthefourthparagraph,thewriterthinksthat_______isnecessaryforlife.
A.water
B.light
C.air
D.wind
(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"This"standforinthelastparagraph?
A.Scientistshavediscoveredanearth-likeplanetlastmonth.
B.Therearefarmoreearth-likeplanetsthanpeoplethought.
C.ProximaBisnotfarfromearthandisjustlikeourneighbor.
D.TheGalaxywillbetheonlyplaceforlivingthingstolivein.
(4)WhatdoesAlanBossmeanbysaying"butIexpecttostillbealivewhenithappens"?
A.Hishealthisingoodstateandhe'ssurehewilllivealonglife.
B.Scienceisdevelopingmuchfasterthaneverinrecentyears.
C.Scientistsmaysoonfindfactthatthere'slifeonotherplanets.
D.Americaisfaraheadofothercountriesinspaceresearch.
3.(10分)(2016·天津)根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。
Manypeopletraveltodifferentplacesintheworldbyair.Usuallyittakesalongtime,perhapshalfaday,forpassengerstostayintheplan.Soairlines(航空公司)offerpassengersfood.Butitiscommonthattheyfeelbadaboutfoodtaste.Doyouagree?
Tosolvethisproblem,airlinestryhardtoimprovetheirfood.Theywouldliketodosobecausetheydon'twanttolosecustomers.
However,accordingtoscientificresearch,partofthereasonwhyplanefoodtastesbadisthatathighaltitude(海拔)wecannottastethingsaswellaswedoontheground.Alsoscientistshavefoundthatournosesbecomeverydryevenbeforeaplanetakesoff.Astheplanemovesup,thechangeinair pressure(气压)reducesonethirdofthesensibility(感觉)ofourtastebuds(味蕾).Soourtastebudsbecomesenseless.Thesadface,however,isthatournosesdon'tknowit.
Allofthesehelpexplainwhyfoodontheplanetastessobad.Theyalsohelpexplainwhyairlineschoosetoofferpassengerssaltyandspicy(辛辣的)food.Withoutdoingso,thefoodwouldbetasteless.
Nowtherearemanyresearchesonthis.Accordingtooneofthem,somevolunteersareaskedtoliewiththeirfeethigherthantheirheadsforweeks.Andscientistswritedowntheirfeelingsaboutfoodtaste.
Thoughscientiststrytheirbest,itisnotaseasyastheythought.Becausetheycan'tdealwiththespecialenvironmentsuccessfully,suchasthechangeinairpressure,makingfoodtastegoodisstillhardforthem.
(1)InParagraph2,“thisproblem”means______.
A.passengersstaylongintheplane
B.foodontheplanetastesbad
C.passengershavenofoodtoeat
D.foodontheplaneisexpensive
(2)Whatdoairlinesdotosolvethisproblem?
A.Getmorecustomers.
B.Offermorefood.
C.Improvetheirfood.
D.Reducetheticketprice.
(3)Astheplanemovesup,thechangeinairpressurereduces ofthesensibilityofourtastebuds.
A.half
B.onethird
C.onefourth
D.onefifth
(4)Whydoscientistsfeelithardtomadefoodontheplanetastegood?
A.Thevolunteersdon'tknowaboutfoodtaste.
B.Thevolunteersdon'tunderstandthem.
C.Theycan'tfindenoughvolunteers.
D.Theycan'tdealwiththespecialenvironmentsuccessfully.
(5)Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?
A.TasteofAirplaneFood
B.AirplaneTravel
C.ScientificResearchonNoses
D.TheChangeinAirPressure
4.(10分)(2018·杭州模拟)阅读理解
Heightisjustoneofthethousandsoffeaturesyourgenes(基因)decide.Infact,becauseyouhavetwoparents,yourgenesprovideyouaheightthatusuallylandssomewherebetweentheheightofeachparent.Ifbothyourparentsaretall,thenmaybeyouwillbetall,too,butifyouhavequestionsabouthowtallyou'regoingtobe,askyourdoctorifheorshecanhelpyoufindit.
Butgenesdon'tdecideeverything.Forexample,eatinganunhealthydietcankeepyoufromgrowingtoyourfullpotential(潜力).Gettingenoughsleepandenoughexercisewillhelpyougrowtotherightheight.
Nodoubt(怀疑)you'rewonderinghowfastyoushouldgrow.Itdepends.There'snoperfectorrightanswer.Kidsgrowabout2inches(5centimeters)ayearbetweenage3andthetimewhentheystartpuberty(whenyourbodystartschangingandbecomingmoregrownup).Yourdoctorwillknowhowyourgrowthhasbeengoingovertheyears.2centimetershereand2inchestherearenotnearlyasimportantastheheightyou'reatnow,howyou'vebeengrowinguptothispoint,andwhatotherchangesyourbodymaybegoingthrough.
Don'tbescaredifyouseemtohavegrownalotinaveryshorttime.Everyonehasagrowthspurt(高峰)duringpuberty.Theageforstartingpubertyisabout10forgirlsandaboutIIforboys.Butitcanbeearlierorlater-between7and13forgirlsand9and15forboys.
You'llusuallybegintonoticethatyou'regrowingfasteraboutayearorsoafteryourbodystartstoshowthefirstchangesofpuberty.
(1)Ifyouwanttoknowhowfastandhowtallyoushouldgrow,_________________.
A.youshouldhaveenoughexercise
B.youcanaskdoctorsforhelp
C.youshouldgetenoughsleep
D.youcanrecordyourgrowthduringpuberty
(2)Afterreadingthispassage,wecanexplain_________________.
A.howgooditistobeadoctor
B.howmuchsleepweneed
C.whygenescan'tdecideeverything
D.whathealthydietis
(3)Theunderlinedword"puberty"inthepassagemeans
A.童年时期
B.婴幼儿时期
C.习惯养成期
D.青春期
(4)Thepassageismainlyabout_________________.
A.howthegenesworki