高考英语最新译林牛津版高中英语选修9教案U4 语法.docx
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高考英语最新译林牛津版高中英语选修9教案U4语法
复杂句子的分析
语法知识归纳
I.复杂句子的分析
句型
构成
例示
分析
长的
简单句
一个主语和谓语
Islamwasstartedabout1,400yearsagobyamancalledMuhammad.
主语:
Islam
谓语:
wasstartedabout1,400yearsagobyamancalledMuhammad
并列句
由两个或两个以上分句,由并列连词and,or,but,for连接。
Honeyissweet,butthebeestings.
分句一:
Honeyissweet
分句二:
thebeestings
连接词:
but
复合句
由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成。
SooncamethenewsthatGermanyhasdeclaredwaronRussia.
主句:
Sooncamethenews
从句:
thatGermanyhasdeclaredwaronRussia(同位语从句)
复合
并列句
并列部分和从属部分同时用在一个句子中。
Heshoutedtoattractourattentionandaskedusifwehadwonthepreviousday’smatch.
并列部分:
Heshoutedtoattractourattentionandasked
从句:
ifwehadwonthepreviousday’smatch
II.简单句的基本句型复习
句子构成
例示
主—动—补(SVC)结构
Themanisateacher.
主—动(SV)结构
Ironrusts.
主—动—宾(SVO)结构
Liverpoolwonthegame.
主—动—宾—宾(SVOO)结构
Marylentmehercar.
主—动—宾—补(SVOC)结构
Wemadehimourspokesman.
III.并列连词的拓展
代表词
引申的并列词
例示
and
both…and…,notonly…but(also)…,aswellas,and…aswell,not…nor…,neither...nor…
Theycanbothsinganddance.
ShecanneitherspeaknorreadFrench.
or
Whether…or...,either…or…
Eitherthepresidentwillresignthroughill-health,orhewilldieinoffice.
but
while,whereas,only
Someofthestudiesshowpositiveresults,whereasothersdonot.
I’dlovetocome,onlyIhavetowork.
for
for:
对前一分句补充说明理由或推断原因,只能置于句末。
Thedoctormusthavesatupallnightwithhispatient,foryousee,helookstiredandsleepy.
IV.复合句分类复习
复合句汇总
分类
例示
定语从句
限制性定语从句
Thosewhowanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.
非限制性定语从句
Wewillputofftheoutinguntilthenextweek,whenwewon’tbesobusy.
名词性从句
主语从句
Whetherhewillcomeornotisunknown.
宾语从句
Pleasetellmewhetherornotyouagreewithhim.
表语从句
ThisiswhereIdon’tagree.
同位语从句
Ihavenoideawhenshewillbeback.
状语从句
时间状语从句
Onceyouobjecttoaman,everythinghedoesiswrong.
原因状语从句
Nowthatyouareallhere,let’stryandreachadecision.
目的状语从句
Wesenttheletterbyairmailinorderthatitmightreachthemingoodtime.
结果状语从句
BringitnearsothatImayseeitbetter.
条件状语从句
Aslongaswedon’tloseheart,wewillfindawaytoovercomethedifficulty.
让步状语从句
Thoughwefightlikecatanddog,westillloveeachother.
比较状语从句
She’snolessactivethanheusedtobe.(Sheisasactiveasheusedtobe.)
方式状语从句
Hespeaksasiftherewereafroginhisthroat.
V.复杂句子的分析举例
复杂句子
句子分析
ThatamicroorganismiscapableofdestroyingoneofanotherspecieswasfirstdiscoveredbyPaster,whopointedoutthatthismightbeputtotherapeuticuse.
(一种微生物能够破坏另一种微生物,这种现象最早是巴斯德发现的,他指出这可以应用到医疗上去。
)
1.主语:
Thatamicroorganismiscapableofdestroyingoneofanotherspecies(主语从句)
2.谓语:
wasdiscovered
3.状语:
firstandbyPasteur
4.从句:
whopointedoutthatthismightbeputtotherapeuticuse(非限制性定语从句修饰Paster.,内含that引导的宾语从句)
Illandsufferingasshewasaftertheinhumantortures,sheyetremainedsocheerfulandconfident,eagertodevotethelittlestrengthlefttohertohelpingtheothercomrades.(她受过重刑,而且有病,可她却这样愉快,这样充满了信心,这样用尽她所剩的力量来帮助其他同志。
)
1.主语:
she
2.谓语:
remainedsocheerfulandconfident
3.状语:
eagertodevotethelittlestrengthlefttohertohelpingtheothercomrades.(表示伴随状态);illandsufferingasshewasaftertheinhumantortures.(让步状语从句,两处状语均用来修饰谓语。
)
Thepresentquestionisthatmanypeopleconsiderimpossiblewhatisreallypossibleifeffortismade.(目前的问题是,很多人把努一把力能做到的事看成是做不到的。
)
1.主语:
thepresentquestion
2.谓语:
is+that引导的表语从句
3.在表语从句中:
a.主语:
manypeople
b.谓语:
consider
c.复合宾语:
impossiblewhatisreallypossible
d.状语从句:
ifeffortismade
语法拓展训练
一、单项填空。
1._________youshowanyfear,thetigerwillattackyou.
A.OnceB.UntilC.TillD.While
2.Themasterwillnotattendourmeeting__________he_______free.
A.if;willbeB.if;isC.unless;shallbeD.unless;is
3.—DoyouhaveanyideawhatHankdoesallday?
—IknowhespendsatleastasmuchtimewatchingTVashe__________.
A.doeswritingB.writesC.iswritingD.doestowrite
4.Iftheway_____youdothejobiswrong,youwillsurelyfail____goodyourideamaybe.
A.how;howeverB./;howeverC.that;whateverD.inwhich;how
5.Shemusthavegoneoutearly,_____shehadnotshownupatbreakfast.
A.becauseB.sinceC.forD.therefore
6._______Icouldwritedownthenumberofthebus,thebushadrunaway.
A.BeforeB.UnlessC.UntilD.Once
7.________,sheknowsthecityverywell.
A.AssheisblindB.AsblindsheisC.BlindassheisD.Sheisasblind
8.Christiestaredangrilyatherbossandturnedaway,asthough______outoftheoffice.
A.togoB.wentC.goneD.wouldgo
9.—Excuseme,isthereagasstationaround_______Icanfillupmytank?
—Ofcourse,thereisoneattheendoftheroad.
A.that