英文背诵短篇.docx
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英文背诵短篇
1.Thrift
[导读]本文论述了节俭这一美德的重要。
文章围绕论点展开,层次分明。
Thriftisthefoundationofallgreatness.Itisappliednotonlytomoneymatters,buttoeverythingelseinlife—thewiseuseofone'stime,ability,andenergy.Inshort,thriftisthescientificmanagementofone'smoney,ofone'stime,ofone'saffairs,andofone'sself.
Thriftisthebestwordforus.Itmakesfortune.Itupliftscharacter.Itimprovesthequalityoftheindividual.Theexerciseofthrifthasaveryhealthfulreactionuponalltheotherfaculties.Thehabitofthriftdenotesself-control.Itisaproofthatamanisnotahopelessvictimofhisweakness.Itisaproofthatheisthemasterofhimselfaswellasofhisfinances.
Thriftisaneducator.Athriftymanthinksandplans.Hehasaprogram.Hehasacertainamountofindependence.Ifyouhavecultivatedthrift,itmeansthatyouhavetheabilitytocontrolyourdesiresandthatyouaredevelopingsomeofthegrandesthumanqualities—self-reliance,independence,prudence,andforesight.
Weknowthatallgreatnationsarefoundedonthrift.TheancientRomanEmpiredegeneratedandcametoanendwhenitceasedtobethrifty.Yetthriftdoesnotrequiresuperiorcourage.Itneedsnoferventresolution,butonlyalittlepatientself-denial. AndBEGINisitsdevice!
[注释]
thrift:
n.economy;frugality. 节俭;俭约。
fortune:
n.agreatdealofmoneyorproperty. 钱财
upliftv.:
improve. 提高;Healthfulreaction:
helpfulreaction. 有助的反应
faculty:
n.ability. 能力victim:
n.personsacrificed. 牺牲者
finances:
n.money;privateincome. 钱财;个人所得
thrifty:
adj.economical;frugal. 节俭的program:
n.planofwhatistobedone. 计划
grandesthumanqualities:
noblestcharacter. 最高尚的品德
self-reliance:
n.relianceonone’sownpower. 自恃prudence:
n.caution. 谨慎
foresight:
n.powertoseeorrealizebeforehand. 先见
degenerate:
v.decline. 衰颓ferventresolution:
Intensedetermination. 非常的决心
self-denial:
n.self-control. 克己
2.AdviceToAYoungMan[导读]罗伯特·伯德特 (RobertJonesBurdette)的作品逻辑严密,层层推进,富有感染力。
Remember,myson,youhavetowork.Whetheryouhandleapickorapen,awheel-barroworasetofbooks,diggingditchesoreditingapaper,ringinganauctionbellorwritingfunnythings,youmustwork.Ifyoulookaroundyouwillseethemenwhoarethemostabletolivetherestoftheirdayswithoutworkarethemenwhoworkthehardest.Don'tbeafraidofkillingyourselfwithoverwork.Itisbeyondyourpowertodothatonthesunnysideofthirty.Theydiesometimes,butitisbecausetheyquitworkatsixintheevening,anddonotgohomeuntiltwointhemorning. It’stheintervalthatkills,myson.Theworkgivesyouanappetiteforyourmeals;itlendssoliditytoyourslumbers,itgivesyouaperfectandgratefulappreciationofaholiday.
Thereareyoungmenwhodonotwork,buttheworldisnotproudofthem. Itdoesnotknowtheirnames,evenitsimplyspeaksofthemas“oldSo-and-So’sboy”.Nobodylikesthem;thegreat,busyworlddoesn’tknowthattheyarethere.Sofindoutwhatyouwanttobeanddo,andtakeoffyourcoatandmakeadustintheworld.Thebusieryouare,thelessharmyouwillbeapttogetinto,thesweeterwillbeyoursleep,thebrighterandhappieryourholidays,andthebettersatisfiedwilltheworldbewithyou.
[注释]
son:
youngman. 年轻人pick n:
asharp-pointedirontoolusedindigging. 锄头
wheel-barrow n:
手推车asetofbooks:
asetofaccounts. 一套帐簿
ditch n:
achanneldugintheground. 沟paper:
newspaper. 报纸
auction n:
apublicsaleinwhichgoodsaresoldtothehighestbidder.拍卖
overwork n:
toomuchwork. 工作过劳
onthesunnysideofthirty:
belowthirtyyearsofage. 三十岁以内
interval n:
thetimebetweenevents. 间隔时间
Theworkgivesyouanappetiteforyoumeals:
工作会增加你的食欲
itlendssoliditytoyourslumbers:
theworkmakesyousleepsoundly. 工作会使你安然入睡
itgivesyouaperfectandgratefulappreciationofaholiday工作使你心满意足地享受假日
So-and-So:
acertainperson. 某人
takeoffyourcoat:
keepupyourspirits. 脱下你的外衣,意即提起你的精神
makeadustintheworld:
becomeprominentintheworld. 扬名于世
the…the…:
byhowmuch….bysomuch. 愈….愈….
apttogetinto:
liabletosuffer. 易于遭受
3.Books
[导读]塞缪尔·斯迈尔斯(SamuelSmiles)英国作家,以道德教诲的作品“自助”(Self-Help,1859)最为有名。
Amanmayusuallybeknownbythebookshereads,aswellasbythecompanyhekeeps;forthereisacompanionshipofbooksaswellasofmen;andoneshouldalwaysliveinthebestcompany,whetheritbeofbooksorofmen.
Agoodbookmaybeamongthebestoffriends.Itisthesametodaythatitalwayswas,anditwillneverchange.Itisthemostpatientandcheerfulofcompanions.Itdoesnotturnitsbackuponusintimesofadversityordistress.Italwaysreceivesuswiththesamekindness;amusingandinstructingusinyouth,andcomfortingandconsolingusinage.
Menoftendiscovertheiraffinitytoeachotherbythemutuallovetheyhaveforabook—justastwopersonssometimesdiscoverafriendbytheadmirationwhichbothentertainforathird.Thereisanoldproverb,"Loveme,lovemydog."Butthereismorewisdominthis:
"Loveme,lovemybook."Thebookisatruerandhigherbondofunion.Mencanthink,feel,andsympathizewitheachotherthroughtheirfavoriteauthor.Theyliveinhimtogether,andheinthem.
Agoodbookisoftenthebesturnofalife,enshriningthebestthoughtsofwhichthatlifewascapable;fortheworldofaman'slifeis,forthemostpart,buttheworldofhisthoughts.Thusthebestbooksaretreasuriesofgoodwordsandgoldenthoughts,which,rememberedandcherished,becomeourabidingcompanionsandcomforters."Theyareneveralone,"saidSirPhilipSidney,"thatareaccompaniedbynoblethoughts."Thegoodandtruethoughtmayintimeoftemptationbeasanangelofmercypurifyingandguardingthesoul.Italsoenshrinesthegermsofaction,forgoodwordsalmostinvariablyinspiretogoodworks.
注释:
company:
陪伴adversity:
不幸,逆境distress:
悲痛,穷困
console:
vt.安慰affinity:
吸引力,亲合力bond:
结合,粘结
urn:
壶。
本句意为:
好书常如最精美的宝器,珍藏着人的一生思想的精华。
enshrine:
铭记abiding:
adj.持久的SirPhilipSidney:
菲利普·悉尼爵士,英国作家。
参考译文:
书为友
观其友而知其人,同样,察一个人读些什么书就可知他的为人,只因书与人一样,也能做人之友。
无论是书还是人,我们都应该择其最佳者为友。
一本好书可以成为人的挚友,古往今来,恒久不变。
所有朋友中,书本最为耐心而又令人愉悦。
我们身处逆境灰心沮丧时,书本并不变脸抛弃我们,始终如一,友爱接纳。
我们年轻时,书本给我们以欢娱和陶冶;我们老迈时,又予我们以慰藉和鼓励。
黑兹利特曾说:
“书香轻拂沁心灵,诗行轻滑渗血液。
青春时所读之书,垂暮时依然会回想,仿佛就在身边发生。
书籍价廉物美,我们就在书香中呼吸。
”
一本好书往往就是作者的人生结晶,里面蕴藏着他穷其一生的求索成果。
因为人一生的世界大多就是其思想的世界,故而最优秀的书籍也就是至理名言和辉煌思想的富藏。
这些思想若能铭记在心,就成为我们永久的朋友和永恒的慰藉。
菲利普·悉尼爵士说得好:
“与高尚思想为伴的人永不寂寞。
”在我们受诱惑时,美好纯真的思想如同仁慈的天使,净化卫护着我们的灵魂,并蕴含着我们行动的萌芽,因为金玉良言总能激励我们美好的行为。
4.JaneEyre
[导读]夏洛蒂·勃朗特(CharlotteBronte)的《简爱》通过简·爱的自述,描绘的是一个出身贫苦家庭,长相平凡,无依无靠的女家庭教师的曲折遭遇。
简,成为纯洁、热情、坦率、爱好真理,敢于追求幸福的女性的象征,因而形象鲜明。
作品成功之处还在于作者在对人性的描述中,我们隐约看到了自己,卑劣或美丽的人性,而觉得心有戚戚焉。
‘ItellyouImustgo!
’Iretorted,rousedtosomethinglikepassion.‘DoyouthinkIcanstaytobecomenothingtoyou?
DoyouthinkIamanautomaton?
-Amachinewithoutfeeling?
andcanbeartohavemymorselofbreadsnatchedfrommylips,andmydropoflivingwaterdashedfrommycup?
Doyouthink,becauseIampoor,obscure,plain,andlittle,Iamsoullessandheartless?
Youthinkwrong!
-Ihaveasmuchsoulasyou,-andfullasmuchheart!
AndifGodhadgiftedmewithsomebeautyandmuchwealth,Ishouldhavemadeitashardforyoutoleaveme,asitisnowformetoleaveyou.Iamnottalkingtoyounowthroughthemediumofcustom,conventionalities,norevenofmortalflesh:
-itismyspiritthataddressesyourspirit;justasifbothhadpassedthroughthegrave,andwestoodatGod'sfeet,equal,-asweare!
’
注释:
retort:
反驳,反击automaton:
机器人
morsel:
(食物)一口,少量snatch:
攫取 dash:
泼溅
obscure:
身份卑微的conventionality:
惯例,俗套,老一套
mortal:
人类的
翻译:
“难道就因为我一贫如洗、默默无闻、长相平庸、个子瘦小,就没有灵魂和心肠了?
——你不是想错了吗?
——我的心灵跟你一样丰富,我的心胸跟你一样充实!
要是上帝赐予我一点姿色和财富,我会使你难以离开我,就像现在我很难离开你一样,我不是根据习俗、常规,甚至也不是血肉之躯同你说话,而是我的灵魂同你的灵魂在对话,就仿佛我们两人穿过坟墓,站在上帝脚下,彼此平等——本来就如此!
”
5.TheFourFreedomsInthefuturedays,whichweseektomakesecure,welookforwardtoaworldfoundeduponfouressentialhumanfreedoms.Thefirstisfreedomofspeechandexpression―everywhereintheworld.ThesecondisfreedomofeverypersontoworshipGodinhisownway―everywhereintheworld.Thethirdisfreedomfromwant―which,translatedintoworldterms,meanseconomicunderstandingswhichwillsecuretoeverynationahealthypeacetimelifeforitsinhabitants―everywhereintheworld.Theforthisfreedomfromfearwhich,translatedintoworldterms,meansaworld-widereductionofarmamentstosuchapointandinsuchathoroughfashionthatnonationwillbeinapositiontocommitanactofphysicalaggressionagainstanyneighbor--anywhereintheworld.我们努力保证未来的岁月能够安定,我们期待着将来有一个建立在四项人类基本自由基础之上的世界
第一是在世界的一切地方,一切人都有言论与表达意见的自由。
第二是在世界的一切地方,一切人都有自由以自己的方式崇拜上帝。
第三是免于匮乏的自由。
从世界范围的意义上说就是在经济上达到谅解,保证世界的一切地方,每一个国家的居民都能够过一种健康的和平生活。
第四是免于恐惧的自由。
从世界范围的意义上说就是进行世界性的彻底裁军,使世界上的一切地方,没有任何一个国家有能力向任何邻国发起侵略行动。
6.Frankness[导读]作者RobertE.Lee。
文中的第一段,常常为人们所引用。
诵读时注意虚拟语气和情态动词的用法。
Youmuststudytobefrankwiththeworld:
franknessisthechildofhonestyandcourage.Sayjustwhatyoumeantodo,oneveryoccasion.Ifafriendasksafavor,youshouldgrantit,ifitisreasonable;ifnot,tellhimplainlywhyyoucannot.Youwouldwronghimandwrongyourselfbyequivocationofanykind.
Neverdoawrongthingtomakeafriendorkeepone.Themanwhorequiresyoutodosoisdearlypurchasedatasacrifice.Dealkindlybutfirmlywithallyourclassmates.Youwillfinditthepolicywhichwearsbest.Aboveall,donotappeartootherswhatyouarenot.
Ifyouhaveanyfaulttofindwithanyone,tellhim,notothers,ofwhatyoucomplain.Thereisnomoredangerousexperimentthanthatofundertakingtodoonethingbeforeaman’sfaceandanotherbehindhisback.Weshouldsayanddonothingto