全球顶级CEO的演讲IBM2.docx

全球顶级CEO的演讲IBM2.docx

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全球顶级CEO的演讲IBM2

全球顶级CEO的演讲IBM2

Chinaisveryspecialtome.I'vehadtheprivilegeofvisitingyourcountrymany,manytimesoverthepast20years.AndIbelieveyouknowhowproudweareofourbusinesshere,andtheIBMChinateamleadbymycolleague,HenryChow. 

Weemployabout2,000peopleinIBMChina.We'veestablished7jointventureswithanadditional3,000employeesinareasincludingapplicationsoftware,softwaredevelopment,andmanufacturing.WeenjoyrelationshipswithhundredsoflocalChinesebusinesspartners,andwecontinuetoinvestveryheavilyinChina.OurstoragebusinessisamongIBM'smoststrategicandfastest-growing,andChinaishometodevelopmentsandmanufacturingfacilitiesthatfeedourassemblyplantsallovertheworld. 

We'vespentabout$200millioninthelasttwoyearsinthesefacilities,includingajointventureinShenzhenStorageProductsCo.InApril,weopenedtheIBMChinaMega-Call-Centertoprovidetechnicalsupportforafullrangeofourproductsandservices.It'sthemostadvancedsuchcallcenterinallofAsia.AndtheIBMChinaUniversityProgram--acollaborationwithChina'sStateEducationcommission--hasdonatedabout$70millioninIBMequipment,training,andservicestoinformationtechnologytrainingcentersatmorethan20Chineseuniversities. 

Lastfall,IwaspersonallyhonoredtohostPresidentJiangduringhistriptotheUnitedStates.Andathisrequest,wedemonstratedsomeofIBM'slatesttechnologies,includingoneweareextremelyproudof:

aspeechrecognitionprogramforMandarin--afantasticproductdevelopedrighthereinouradvancedresearchlaboratoryinBeijing. 

Yesterday,IhadthepleasureofmeetingwithPresidentJiangonceagain.WesharedalotofpositiveideasofhowwecanstrengthenIBM'srelationshipwithChinaandserveChina'sinterestinthereformationofChinesestate-ownedenterprises. 

IBMhasenjoyedarelationshipwithChinathathasenduredformorethanhalfacentury.ButIdonotbelievetherehaseverbeenamoreexcitingtimetobedoingbusinesshere,asvastnewopportunityiscreatedbyyoursweepingmodernizationandambitious,government-ledreformprogramsforthousandsofstate-ownedenterprises. 

Thistransformation,Ibelieve,willunderscorethecriticalimportanceofinformationtechnologyasadriverofcompetitivesuccessandrealeconomicgrowthforChina. 

Sotoday,IwanttotalktoyouaboutwhatIbelievehastobetheagendaofaleaderofanenterprise--business,governmentagency,university,hospital,bankanywhereintheworld--theagendaregardingthistechnology.IwilldothatfromtheperspectivethatIbroughttoIBM. 

SomeofyouknowthatbeforeIcametoIBM,mybackgroundwasalotlikeyours.IwasacustomerofIBM.Iwasacustomerofthecomputerindustry.IarrivedatIBMwithafirmlyheldconvictionthatthistechnologyisoneofthosetransformationaltechnologiesthatcomesalongeveryhundredyearsorsoandchangeseverythinginoursociety.Iwasn'taloneinthisopinion,butatthattime,itwasn'tsoeasytofindalotofexamplesofentireindustriesbeingchangedbytheapplicationofinformationtechnology. 

Today,inalmosteveryindustryinalmosteverypartoftheworldtherearemanyexamplesofenterprisesapplyingthistechnologytoseizecompetitiveadvantageandtocreateenormouschallengesfortheircompetitors.Ithinkwe'reseeinginformationtechnologyreachthepointthatalltransformationaltechnologiesreachwhentheyarenolongercontrolledbyjustasmallgroupofskilledprofessionals,andtheycrossovertomassacceptanceandubiquity. 

Networkingtechnologyisstillinitsinfancy,yetit'sreachedalreadythepointwherewecancallitanewmassmedium.ConsiderthatintheU.S.:

*Radiotookabout30yearstoattract50millionusers. 

*Televisiontook13years. 

*Cabletelevisiontook10years. 

TheInternetdiditinhalfthat.Lessthan5yearsafterthebirthoftheWorldWideWeb,some90millionpeopleareonlinearoundtheworld,andthatnumberwillbehundredsofmillionsbeforetoolong. 

Ofcourse,rightnow,theU.S.hasembracedtheNetmorefullythanothernations,bothintermsofindividualusers,andbusinessuse.But,clearly,thisisaglobalmedium.VerysoontherewillbeequalnumbersofpeopleaccessingtheWebinEnglishandotherlanguages.FivecountriesotherthantheU.S.havearoundtenpercentoftheirpopulationsusingtheWeb. 

HereinChina,thenumberofInternetusershasnearlydoubledsincejustlastOctober,tomorethan1millionusers.AndI'veseenstatisticsthatsayyourInternetpopulationwillexceed7millionpeoplebytheyear2001. 

Somepeoplearetalkingaboutaphenomenontheycall"InternetLeapfrog",ahigh-stakesgameinwhichcountriesandgeographiesthatmakethemostastuteuseofnetworkedtechnologiesquicklybypassotherregionsinproduction,productivity,andprofitablegrowth. 

Today,thiscontestofInternetLeapfrogingisplayedonawide-openfield.Wehearabout90millionconnectedusers...andsomeequatethatwithuniversalconnectivity.Butconsiderthatifjust4percentofthepopulationsofyournationandIndiagotconnectedtomorrow,theworldwidenumberofInternetuserswoulddouble. 

Thesenumbersareinteresting,buttherealimportantquestionis:

"Whatarealltheseindividuals,andtheworld'sleadinginstitutions,doingontheNet?

" 

Nottoolongago,theprevailingviewwasthattheNetwasaboutlookingupinformation,orthatitwasamediumforinterpersonalcommunication,areplacementforthetelephoneorpostoffice. 

Today,it'sevidentthattheNetrepresentsatransformationfarmoreprofoundthanonline"chat"groupsorgivingpeopleaccesstosportsscoresandweatherreports.Ithasemergedasapowerfulmeansforpartiesofeverytypetoconductinteractionsofeverytype. 

Certainly,it'schangingthewaythingsareboughtandsold.Electroniccommerceisbooming.Eventhemostconservativeestimatessaythatitwillbeatleasta$200billionmarketplacebytheturnofthecentury（whichisonly500daysaway）--mostofthatvolumeinbusinesstobusinesstransactions. 

Andwhile86percentofInternetcommercewasgeneratedinsidetheU.S.lastyear,therestoftheworldisgettingintothegameinaseriousway.InternetcommercegeneratedoutsidetheU.S.willrepresentmorethan35percentoftheworldtotalbytheyear2002.Butwhat'sgoingonisn'tjustlimitedtocommerce,tobuyingandselling. 

AtIBM,weuseaslightlymoredescriptiveterm.Wetalkaboute-businesstodescribeallofthevitaltransactionsthatwillbeconductedontheNet. 

E-businessincludestransactionsamongemployeesinsideanenterprise;amongtradingpartnersinasupplychain;andofcourse,thenetworkedtransactionsthattransformthewayeducatorsteachstudents,physicianstreatpatients,andthewaygovernmentsdeliverservicestocitizens. 

Alloftheseinteractionswillbecomedigital.Theywon'tnecessarilyreplacethekindofphysicaltransactionsweknowtoday,buttheywillaugmentthem. 

Forexample,DuoyuanElectronicsGroupisusingtheNettostrengthenthetiesbetweenallthesuppliers,wholesalersandretailersinitselectronicsmanufacturinganddistributionbusiness.They'reintheearlystagesofdevelopment,buttheyseenetworkingtechnologiesasthekeytobuildingproductioncapabilitytocompetewithlargeenterprises. 

Anotherexample:

WiththesupportofChinaTelecom,IBMisworkingwithHunanPostandTelecomAdministrationtodevelopanonlinepaymentsystem.ThefirstapplicationwillgivecustomerstheconvenienceofpayingtelephonebillsoverInternetusingBankofChinaGreatWallcreditcards. 

Inprojectswithcustomersaroundtheworld,we'relearningthatwhentheymakethemovetoe-business,theyfollowafairlypredictable,three-stageprocess. 

First,puttingupinformationonaWebsite.Productcatalogs.Academiccourselistings,alistofphonenumberstocallformoreinformation. 

Thesecondstageis,enablingsomeformofinteraction,typicallyforcustomerservice.Allowingacustomertotrackthestatusofanovernightpackageisoneexample.YamatoTransportinJapanandUnitedParcelServiceinAmericaareamongcompaniesdoingthis.AndnowUnitedParcelServiceinAmericaislaunchinganentirelynewbusiness,goingtothethird,andmostimportantstageofelectroniccommerce. 

Thisthirdstageistheonethatrepresentstherealtransformationandthemajorpayoff.It'swhentheenterprisetakesthesteptoallowrealNet-basedtransactions. 

ForUPS,they'reofferingsecure,confidentialdeliveryofdocumentsovertheNet.Theserviceisasreliableasputtingthedocumentinanenvelopeorpackageandhandingittoaclerkoraroutedriver.And20percentto50percentcheaper. 

Thinkaboutwhatthey'redoing.They'reessentiallycompetingwiththeirtraditionalpackageanddeliveryservicesbycreatinganInternetcourierservice.ButUPSseesadigitalfuture--oneinwhich30percentofallsuchdeliveriescouldtakeplaceonline--andthey'regoingthere,fast. 

Thiskindofdecision-makingistherealrevolutioninthenetworkedworld.It'snotjustabouttechnology.Becausewhenbanksandschoolsandairlines,hospitalsandgovernmentsusetheNettoallowpeopletoexecutetransactions,theyhavetomakefundamentalchangestothewaytheycurrentlydothings. 

Andasweallknow,institutionalchangeishard.Butmoreandmoreinstitutionsaredecidingtochangebecausetheincentivesarepowerful.Letmejustlistafew. 

First,networksalterthebasiceconomicsofindustry.Theyslashthecostsoftransactions.Airlinesaroundtheworldes