阳极残极破碎机的设计中英文互译.docx

阳极残极破碎机的设计中英文互译.docx

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阳极残极破碎机的设计中英文互译

APPARATUSANDMETHODFORCRUSHINGANODES

Hiller,Sr.

UnitedStatesPatent，PatentNo.:

US7,861,956B2，DateofPatent:

Jan.4,2011

Abstract：

Thereisprovidedanapparatusforcrushinganodes,includingachamberforreceivingtheanodes.Atleastonemovablewallisreceivedinthechamber.Thewallhasapluralityofcuttingdevicesassociatedtherewith.Thewallisabletomoveinafirstdirectionforcrushingtheanodesandinaseconddirectionawayfromtheanodes.Anapparatusisprovidedforapplyingpressuretothewallformovingthewallinthefirstdirection.Atleastonepressuresensorassociatedwiththeapparatusforapplyingthepressureisprovided.Whenapredeterminedpressurelevelisreached,thewallceasesmovinginthefirstdirectionandbeingsmovingintheseconddirection.

CROSS-REFERENCETORELATEDPATENTAPPLICATIONS

ThisisaU.S.non-provisionalapplicationrelatingtoandclaimingthebenefitofU.S.ProvisionalPatentApplicationSer.No.60/964,166,filedAug.8,2007.Theentiredisclosuresetforthinthatprovisionalpatentapplicationisherebyincorporatedhereinbyreference.

BACKGROUND

Thepresentinventionrelatestoanapparatusandmethodforrecoveringcarbonfromanodesorremnantsofanodesofthetypeusedintheproductionofaluminum.Whenusedherein,theterm“anodes”meanscompleteanodes,remnantsofanodesandportionsofanodes.Aluminumproducersuselargeanodesinconnectionwiththereductionofaluminum,thesecarbonanodesbecomelessefficientandmustbereplaced.However,thereisasubstantialmarketforthecarboninthesespentanodesInordertoprovideausefulproduct,thesecarbonanodesmustbecrushedintosmallerpieces.AnexampleofanapparatusforsalvagingcarbonfromspentanodesisdisclosedinU.S.Pat.No.3,708,128issuedtoLimpinseletal.

Oneoftheproblemsassociatedwithmanypriorartanodecrushersisthatthecrushercanbecomedamagedandwornbecauseofimpactwiththemetalcomponentsembeddedinthecarbonorimpactwithso-calledhardanodeswhichwereover-bakedduringtheirproduction.Inaddition,somepriorartanodecrushersconsumeagreatdealofenergyduringoperation.Itisdesirableforananodecrushertooperateatminimalvelocitytominimizewearandtearandtopreventsubstantialdustingandtoprovideminimalgenerationoffines.Itisalsodesirabletobeabletocontrolthepressuretopreventtheanodecrusherfromattemptingtocrushitemssuchasmetalorhardanodeswhichcanfurtherdamagethecrusher.

SUMMARYOFTHEINVENTION

Inaccordancewithoneformofthisinvention,thereisprovidedanapparatusforcrushinganodes,includingachamberforreceivinganodes.Atleastonemovablewallisreceivedinthechamber.Thewallhasapluralityofcuttingdevicesassociatedtherewith.Thewallisabletomoveinafirstdirectionforcrushingtheanodesreceivedinthechamberandinaseconddirectionawayfromtheanodes.Anapparatusisprovidedforapplyingpressuretothewallformovingthewallinthefirstdirection.Atleastonepressuresensorassociatedwiththeapparatusforapplyingpressureisprovided.Whenapredeterminedpressurelevelisexceeded,thewallceasesmovinginthefirstdirectionandbeginsmovingintheseconddirection.

Inaccordancewithanotherformofthisinvention,thereisprovidedamethodforcrushinganodes,Themethodincludesplacinganodesinachamberhavingatleastonemovablewallandabottomgrate,applyingpressuretothewalltherebymovingthewalltowardtheanodes,crushingtheanodeswithcuttingdeviceswhichareattachedtothewall,sensingapressureaboveapredeterminedlevel,andmovingthewallawayfromtheanodesinresponsetothepressurebeingabovethepredeterminedlevel.

BRIEFDESCRIPTIONOFTHEDRAWINGS

FIG.1

FIG.2

FIG.3

FIG.4

FIG.5

FIG.6

FIG.7

FIG.8

FIG.9

FIG.1isaperspectiveviewofananodecrusherapparatusinaccordancewithoneformofthisinvention.

FIG.2isatopviewoftheapparatusofFIG.1.

FIG.3isasideelevationalviewoftheapparatusofFIG.1.

FIG.4isanendelevationalviewoftheapparatusofFIG.1.

FIG.5.isanendviewofportionoftheapparatusofFIG.1withanendwallandamovablewallremoved.

FIG.6.showsapieceofanodematerialwhichmaybecrushedutilizingtheapparatusofFIG.1.

FIG.7isaschematicshowingthehydrauliccircuitusedtooperatetheapparatusofFIG.1.

FIG.8isasideelevationalviewshowingtwooftheapparatusofFIG.1setupforcontinuousoperation.

FIG.9isafrontelevationalviewofoneoftheapparatusofFIG.8.

DESCRIPTIONOFTHEPREFERREDEMBODIMENTS

ReferringnowmoreparticularlytoFIGS.1-5,anodecrushingapparatus10includesarectangularchamber12whichisopenatthetoptoacceptanodesintheformoflargeminerallumpsupto60inchesinwidth,depth,andheightinsizewiththeobjectiveofsizereduction（crushing）oftheminerallumpsuptoasmallersizefor（A）aspecificmarketneedor（B）asafeedstockforsecondarycrushingbyalternativemeansofcrushing.Anexampleofsuchaminerallumpispartialanode14showninFIG.6.Inpart,thecrushingapparatus10isuniqueinthattwomajoroperationalfeaturesoftheapparatusarecontrolledforthespecificmaterialtobecrushed.Thefirstmajoroperationalfeaturerelatestothepressureofthesystemwhencontactingtheminerallumpstoaccomplishthesizereduction.Thesecondmajoroperationalfeaturerelatestothespeedoftravelofthetwomovingwallsinthechamber,whichwillbedescribedbelow.

Theanodesorminerals14areplacedintothechamber12betweenafirstmovablewall16withinchamber12ontherightsideofchamber12andasecondmovablewall18withinchamber12ontheleftsideofchamber.Themovablewallsarepropelledtowardseachotherusinghydrauliccylinders20and22thatfunctionatanadjustablepressure（poundspersquareinch）baseduponthecompressivestrengthofthemineraltobreak.Thehydrauliccylinders20and22applypressureorforcetomovablewalls16and18.Asusedhereininreferencetomovingthemovablewalls16and18,theterm“pressure”meansforceandpressure.Thepressureissettocrushthespecificmineralandatthesametimenotcrushhardoverbakedanodematerialorforeignobjectssuchasferrousandnonferrousmetalthatmaybeattachedtoorapartofthefeedmaterialcomingintotheapparatus.Forexample,FIG.6showsmetalpiece24embeddedincarbonmaterial26.Themovablewalls16and18havecuttingdevices28attachedtothemthatareofstaggeredlengthsbaseduponthemountingarrangementofthecuttingdevices28oneachmovablewall.Thestaggeredcuttingdevicesmorepoundspersquareinchofpressuretobeexertedontheminerallumporlumpsinchamber12atanygiventimetoallowlesscontactareaonthelumpforagivenforcewhichtranslatestoahigherpressureonthemineral.Thecuttingdevices30thatarerecessedbehindthemostforwardcuttingdevices32comeincontactwiththelumpaftertheinitialcontactofthemostforwardcuttingdevices32whicharefollowedbyathirdandfourthtierofcuttingdevicesalsotooptimizethetransferofpressureintotheminerallumpforagivenforce.Thepressurethresholdisestablishedtocrushthetargetmineralormineralsandnottocrushharderorextraneousmaterialsuchasmetalorhardanodematerial.Hydraulicpressureincreaseswhenthecuttingdevices28comeincontactwithhardormetalmaterial.

Thevelocityofamovingwallisafunctionoftheflowrateofhydraulicfluidthroughthecylinders20and22thatisalsoadjustable.Themoreflowthroughthehydrauliccylinders,thehighertheimpactvelocityofthemovingwalls16and18astheycontacttheanode14.Thisallowsinfinitecontrolofimpactwhichalongwiththepressureisanotherkeyelementofanodesizereduction.Aswillbeexplainedinmoredetailbelow,asensororsensorsassociatedwiththehydrauliccylinders20and22monitorpressureandflowinthecrusher10.Whenapressureissensedatalevelabovethepointnecessarytobreaktheanode,thehydraulicsystemsendshydraulicfluidbacktoareservoirfromapowerpackthatprovidesenergyintothecrusher10.Aswillbenotedbelow,thispressureisadjustablebymeansofabypassvalvedivertinghydraulicfluid.Themovablewalls16and18continuetomovetowardseachotheruntilthispressureisreachedandwhenthemaximumdesiredpressureisreached,thewallsareretractedviaajoystickcontroltoallowthematerialcrushedinthatcycletodropdownthroughagrate34inthebottom36ofthechamber12intoacollectionareaortransferdevicesuchasaconveyor.Whenthewallsretract（typically6to12inches）,thepressuredropbelowthedesiredsetpointandtheprocesscanstartagainontheremaininganodesinthechamberuntilthewalls16and18effectivelymeetatwhichtimethewallsretracttothefullyopenpositiontoacceptmorefeedmaterial.Twoitemsthatdeterminethesizeofthecrushedmaterialarethesizeoftheapertures38ofthegrate34andthespacingofthecuttingdevices28andthesmallertheapertures38inthegrate34,thefinertheproductcomingfromthecrusher10.Thesedimensionscanbevariedbaseduponsizeobjectivesofthematerialdischarged.

Crusher10,asshowninFIG.1,includesguides40and42havinganti-wearstrips.Guides40and42arelocatedoneachsideofthecentersectionofchamber12inthetravelareaofmovablewalls16and18andareadjacenttothetopsofmovablewalls16and18.Theguides40and42arefirmlyattachedtothechamber12forthepurposeofholdingthemovablewalls16and18downduringtravelthatotherwisewouldpotentiallyraiseupoutofth