学年高考英语一轮复习专题突破第Ⅱ题阅读理解专题一事实细节类题目.docx

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学年高考英语一轮复习专题突破第Ⅱ题阅读理解专题一事实细节类题目.docx

学年高考英语一轮复习专题突破第Ⅱ题阅读理解专题一事实细节类题目

第Ⅱ题 阅读理解

专题一 事实细节类题目

命题特点

针对原文具体叙述本身设问,可以直接或间接找到答案,常以who,which,what,where等设问。

考查重点

(1)直接理解题(信息可在原文中直接找到答案)。

(2)语意转化题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换)。

方法技巧

1.查读法

(1)速读全文,掌握大意。

(2)按文章体裁、作者组材方式寻找关键信息词。

(3)找到细节,认真推敲甚至计算等。

2.按组材模式阅读(常见模式

(1)列举型:

抓住作者所举事例。

(2)时间、空间型:

掌握具体的时间、地点。

(3)分类、例证型:

掌握例证的事实细节,以便得到答案。

(4)程序型:

理清说明事物的顺序,从而得出答案。

(5)因果分析型:

理清因果关系,从而推出答案。

(6)比较、对比型:

通过比较,对比事实细节,找到答案。

Passage1

Pragueisnotstrangetothetourismworld.ItisthebesttouristattractionwithmanyhistorictouristspotssuchasthePragueCastlewhichwasbuiltintheearly9thcentury.InadditiontothePragueCastle,someoftheotherhistoricspotsaretheOldTownChurches,theJewishQuarterandtheEstatesTheater.SurveysindicatethatPragueisrankedthesixthmainattractioninthewholeofEurope.

Thoughtherearecountlessnumbersofplacesoftouristinterest,thereareafewspotswhicharethemostappealing.TheOldTownisonesuchspotofgreattouristinterest.TheAstronomicalClockwhichispopularlyknownasthe“PragueOrloj”isinstalledontheOldTowncityhall'ssouthwallwhichisahistoric

construction.SoifyouareheadingtoPragueforavacation,youshouldnevermissouttoseethisastronomicalclock.

TheexcitementinPraguedoesn'tstophere.Nextisanothermarvel“TheLennonWall”.TheLennonWallbecame

atouristspotaspeopleofthe80sstartedtofillitwithJohnLennon—inspiredgraffiti(涂鸦).YoucanalsofindthegraffitiofpiecesoflyricsfromBeatlessongsonthiswall.TherearemanyfunactivitiesthatyoucandoinPrague.Therearemanylocaltheatersandentertainmentfacilitieswhichareverymuchinexpensive.

Ifyouarewellawareofthedifferentplacesoftouristinterest,youcanreallyenjoyagreatweekendinPrague.Thankfullytherea

reseveralonlinetouristguidesouttherewhichcanhelpyoutomakeyourweekendinPraguemoreinterestingthaneverbefore.TherearemanysourcesoutthereonlinewhereyoucanfindalltheinformationaboutthebesttouristspotsinPrague.Onceyouhavealltheinformat

ionaboutthebesttouristattractionsinPrague,youcanplanyourweekendtripeffectively.

1.Pragueisacity________.

A.wheretherearemanyhistoricattractions

B.whichhasahistoryof1,000years

C.wheretherearemanyoldcastlesandchurches

D.whichisthesixthlargestcityinEurope

【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。

布拉格是著名的旅游城市,它拥有许多引人入胜的景点。

调查显示,布拉格是欧洲第六大旅游城市。

解析:

细节理解题。

联系全文对布拉格的介绍,再结合第一段中“Itisthebesttouristattractionwithmanyhistorictouristspots”可知,布拉格是一座有许多历史景点的城市。

答案:

A

2.Accordingtothispassage,theOldTownisfamousfor________.

A.theEstatesTheater

B.theJewishQuarter

C.theLennonWall

D.the“PragueOrloj”

解析:

细节理解题。

由第二段第三句和第四句可知,theOldTown是以PragueOrloj为人们所知。

答案:

D

3.YouwouldliketotraveltotheLennonWallbecause________.

A.youwanttopayavisittoJohnLennon

B.youareeagertoenjoythegraffitionit

C.youareplanningtotakepartinfunactivities

D.theentertainmentfacilitiesthereareverycheap

解析:

细节理解题。

由第三段第三句可知,去theLennonWall是为了观赏上面的涂鸦。

答案:

B

4.InordertohaveapleasantweekendinPrague,you'dbetteraskforhelpfrom________.

A.thepolicemen

B.thelocalpeople

C.thetravelers

D.theInternet

解析:

细节理解题。

由第四段中的“Thankfullythereareseveralonlinetouristguidesoutthere...”可知,你可以通过网络了解相关的信息。

答案:

D

5.Theauthorofthepassagemainly________.

A.describestheactivitiesofthetravelers

B.liststhetouristspotsinPrague

C.suggestsanidealplacetotravelto

D.tellsusaboutPrague'slonghistory

解析:

主旨大意题。

本文主要介绍了布拉格一些著名的景点。

由此可推知,本文作者的目的是为读者提供一个旅游的理想之地。

答案:

C

Passage2

Studiesshowthatdogsandhumanbeingshavesimilarbrainactivitywhentheysleep.Researchersuseatestcalledanelectroencephalogram(脑电图)tostudysuchactivity.

Whendogsfirstgotosleep,theyenteraperiodoflightsleep.Thisiswhentheycanbeeasilyawakened.Inlightsleep,dogsliestillandtheirbreathingisnormal.

Whendogsenterdeepsleep,theyhavedifficultywakingup.Brainwaveactivitygreatlyincreases.Dogsbeginunusualbreathing.Rapideyemovementalsobegins.Duringrapideyemovement,theeyesaremovingquickly,forwardandbackward.Thendogsmaybegintomakesounds.Theirbodiesmaymakeuncontrolledmovements.Theirlegsmoveasiftheyarerunning.Itmayseemasifthedogishavingabaddream.Itisbestnottowakeasleepingdog.Likepeople,dogsneedcontinuoussleepforhealthymentalactivity.

Researcherssaydogshaveseveraldreamseachnight.Theamountoftimespentsleepingisdifferentwitheachanimal.Mostdogssleepthirteentofourteenhoursaday.

Researchersalsosaysmalldogsdreammorethanlargeones.Thenumberofdreamseachanimalhasisalsolinkedtomanythings,includingage.Youngdogsdr

eammorethanadultdogs.

Manypeoplewonderwhattheirdogsaredreamingabout.Researchersbelieveitislikelythatdogsdreaminawaysimilartohumans.Theybelievedogsdreamofthingsthatarepleasingtothem,butunreal.Theyalsosaydogsdreamofthingsthathappenineverydaylife,suchaschasingthings,playingandeating.

Ifyouarewondering,catsdream,too.

1.Whenadogisinlightsleep,itmay________.

A.notbreathenormally

B.liestill

C.makesounds

D.moveitseyesquickly

【语篇解读】 本文为说明文,介绍狗和人类一样在睡眠过程中有同样的脑部活动。

解析:

细节理解题。

根据第二段最后一句可知:

狗在浅度睡眠时,躺着不动,呼吸正常,故选B。

答案:

B

2.Whendogsenterdeepsleep,________.

A.theyareeasytowakeup

B.theirbreathingbecomesabnormal

C.theybegintorunwhendreaming

D.theyareasquieta

samouse

解析:

细节理解题。

第三段中提到狗在熟睡时beginunusualbreathing,B项中abnormal意为“不正常的;反常的”,正与文中意思相符。

答案:

B

3.Whichofthefollowingindicatesadogdoesn'tenterdeepsleep?

A.Theeyesaremovingrapidly.

B.Thedogliescalmlyandmakesnonoise.

C.Thedogseemslikeitishavingabaddreamandmoveshisbody.

D.Thedogisangrywhenyouwakeitup.

解析:

推理判断题。

结合第二、三段可知,狗在浅度睡眠时会静静地躺着。

答案:

B

4.What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.DogsSleepatNight?

B.LightSleepandDeepSleep

C.DogsDreamasHumanBeingsDo

D.DogsNeedSleeptoBeHealthy

解析:

主旨大意题。

文章第一句就点明大意,即狗和人类在睡眠过程中有同样的脑部活动。

然后对其进行具体说明,故选C。

答案:

C

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Indeepsleep,dogs'breathingisnormal.

B.It'snoharmtowakeasleepingdog.

C.Dogshaveseveraldreamseachnight.

D.Youngdogsdreamnomorethanadultdogs.

解析:

细节理解题。

由第二段最后一句话排除A;由第三段最后两句话排除B;由第五段最后一句话排除D;由第四段第一句可知C正确。

答案:

C

Passage3

OperaatMusicHall:

1243ElmStreet.TheseasonrunsJunethroughAugust,withadditionalperformancesinMarchandSeptember.TheOperahonorsEnjoytheArtsmembershipdiscounts.Phone:

241-2742.http:

//.

ChamberOrchestra:

TheOrchestraplaysatMemorialHallat1406ElmStreet,whichoffersseveralconcertsfromMarchthroughJune.Call723-1182formoreinformation.http:

.

SymphonyOrchestra:

AtMusicHall

andRiverbend.Forticketsales,call381-3300.RegularseasonrunsSeptemberthroughMayatMusicHallandinsummeratRiverbend.http:

//.

CollegeConservatoryofMusic(CCM):

Performancesareonthemaincampus(校园)oftheuniversity,usuallyatPatriciaCobbettTheater.CCMorganizesavarietyofevents,includingperformancesbythewell-knownLaSalleQuartet,CCM'sPhilharmonicOrchestra,

andvariousgroupsofmusicianspresentingBaroquethroughmodernmusic.StudentswithI.D.cards,canattendtheeventsforfree.Afreescheduleofeventsforeachtermisavailablebycallingtheboxofficeat556-4183.http:

//.

RiverbendMusicTheater:

6295KelloggAve.Largeoutdoortheaterwiththeclosestseatsundercover(pricedifference).Bignameshowsallsummerlong!

Phone:

232-6220.http:

//

.

1.Whichnumbershouldyoucallifyouwanttoseeanopera?

A.241-2742.   B.723-1182.

C.381-3300.D.232-6220.

【语篇解读】 本文是几则广告,主要介绍了五个与音乐有关的活动的举办地点、时间、联系方式等信息。

解析:

细节理解题。

只有第一段是opera的演出,根据此段最后一句中“Phone:

241-2742.http:

//.”可知,如果想看歌剧应拨打此电话。

故选A。

答案:

A

2.WhencanyougotoaconcertbyChamberOrchestra?

A.February.B.May.

C.August.D.November.

解析:

细节理解题。

根据第二则广告中的“...whichoffersseveralconcertsfromMarchthroughJune.”可知,五月份在演出的时间范围之内。

故选B。

答案:

B

3.WherecanstudentsgoforfreeperformanceswiththeirI.D.cards?

A.MusicHall.

B.MemorialHall.

C.PatriciaCobbettTheater.

D.RiverbendMusicTheater.

解析:

细节理解题。

根据第四则广告中的“StudentswithI.D.cardscanattendtheeventsforfree.”可知,带有身份证的学生可以免费观看CCM组织的一系列的演出。

故选C。

答案:

C

4.HowisRiverbendMusicTheaterdifferentfromtheotherplaces?

A.Ithasseatsintheopenair.

B.Itgivesshowsallyearround.

C.Itoffersmembershipdiscounts.

D.Itpresentsfamousmusicalworks.

解析:

细节理解题。

根据第五则广告中的“Largeoutdoortheaterwiththeclosestseatsundercover(pricedifference).”可知,只有RiverbendMusicTheater拥有在户外的座位。

故选A。

答案:

A

Passage4

Intheanimalkingdom,weaknesscanbringaboutaggressioninotheranimals.Thissometimeshappenswithhumansalso.ButIhavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople.Iseeiteverydaywhenpeopleholddoorsforme,pourcreamintomycoffee,orhelpmetoputonmycoat.AndIhavediscoveredthatitmakesthemhappy.

Frommywheelchairexperience,Iseethebestinpeople,butsometimesIfeelsadbecausethosewhoappearindependentmissthekindnessIseedaily.Theydon'tgettoseethissoftsideofothers.Often,wetryeverywaypossibletoavoidshowingourweakness,whichincludesalotofpretending.Butonlywhenwestoppretendingwe'rebraveorstrongdoweallowpeopletoshowthekindnessthat'sinthem.

Lastmonth,whenIwasdrivinghomeonabusyhighway,Ibegantofeelunwellanddrovemoreslowlythanusual.Peoplebehindmebegantogetimpatientandangry,withsomespeedingupalongsideme,horning(按喇叭)orevenshoutingatme.AtthemomentIdecidedtodosomethingIhadneverdoneintwenty-fouryearsofdriving.Iputonthecarflashlightsanddroveonatareallylowspeed.

Nomoreangryshoutsandnomorehorns!

WhenIput

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