八年级下英语第一单元词汇语法和练习.docx
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八年级下英语第一单元词汇语法和练习
Ⅰ.本单元重点词汇:
robotn.机器人everythingpron.每件事,所有事物papern.纸张
usev.使用,利用treen.树buildingn.房子
spacen.空间,太空tookv.拿(take的过去式),接受flyv.飞,飞翔
moonn.月亮fallv.落下,跌倒(过去式fell)aloneadv.单独地,独自地
petn.宠物probablyadv.可能地dressv.穿n.衣服
whichpron.哪一个evenadv.甚至,更加wrotev.(write的过去式)写,写作
myselfpron.我自己interviewn.面试futuren.未来
companyn.公司camev.(come的过去式)来,发生thoughtv.(think的过去式)想,认为
scientistn.科学家unpleasantadj.使人不愉快的howeveradv.然而
hundrednum.一百alreadyadv.早已,已经madev.(make的过去式)使,
factoryn.工厂simpleadj.简单的suchadj.这样的,如此的
everywhereadv.到处humann.人类shapen.形状
snaken.蛇hugeadj.巨大的possibleadj.可能的
electricadj.有电的seemv.好像,仿佛impossibleadj.不可能的
houseworkn.家务劳动apartmentn.公寓wearv.穿着,戴着
lessadj.(little的比较级与不可数名词连用)较少的,更少的
feweradj.(few的比较级,与复数动词或名词连用)更少的
Ⅱ.本单元重点短语:
spacestation空间站fallinlovewith喜欢上…,爱上…goskating去滑冰
goswimming去游泳beableto能(做…)cometrue实现
hundredsof成千上万的inthefuture未来lookfor
intenyears十年后in100years一百年以后
:
本单元重点句型:
Peoplewillhaverobotsintheirrooms.未来人们家里会使用机器人。
Peoplewon’tusemoney.人们不会再使用钱。
Willpeopleliveto200years?
人们会活到200岁吗?
Therewillbemorepopulation.未来会有更多人口。
Willtherebefewertrees?
未来会有更少的树吗?
Willtherebelesspopulation?
未来的污染更少吗?
:
本单元重点语法:
1.一般将来时will的用法
课本原句:
Peoplewillhaverobotsintheirrooms.
Therewillbemorepopulation.
语法讲解:
一般将来时基本用法如下:
a.一般将来时用来表示纯粹的将来事实。
一般将来时常和表示将来的时间状语连用
如:
tomorrow,nextweek,nextmonth,nextyear等,课本上的时间状语:
intenyears,in100years
Eg:
Hewillcomenextweek.他下个星期回来
b.will表示一般将来时,肯定句、疑问句、否定句式:
肯定句:
主语+will+动词原形+其他
Eg:
Hewillbefifteennextyear.
一般疑问句:
Will+主语+动词原形+其他,疑问句的回答:
肯定:
Yes,主语+will,否定:
No,主语+won’t
Eg:
--Willhebefifteennextyear?
--Yes,hewill./No,hewon’t
否定句:
主语+willnot/won’t+动词原形+其他
Eg:
Hewillnotbefifteennextyear.
试一试,看看你会做吗?
(1)格林夫人明天要去购物。
(Mrs.Green)
肯定句:
____________________________________________
疑问句:
____________________________________________
否定句:
____________________________________________
(2)---你下周一和我去游泳吗?
---好的,我去。
---___________________________________________
---___________________________________________
b.will在therebe结构将来时的运用
肯定句:
Therewillbe+主语+其他
Eg:
Therewillbemorebuildingsinmycityintenyears.十年后我们的城市会有更多的建筑。
否定句:
Therewillnotbe+主语+其他
Eg:
Therewon’tbeatigershowinthezoonextweek.动物园下周不会有老虎表演。
一般疑问句:
Willtherebe+主语+其他
肯定回答:
Yes,therewill.
否定回答:
No,therewon’t
Eg:
--Willtherebeschoolsinthefuture?
将来会有学校吗?
--Yes,therewill./No,therewon’t.是的,有/不,没有。
试一试,看看你会做吗?
选择填空:
1)There_____ameetingnextMonday.
A.IsB.willhaveC.willbeD.had
2)--____willhebeback?
--Inaweek.
A.HowsoonB.HowlongC.HowoftenD.Howmany
3)--Willbethereanypapermoneyintenyears?
--______.Everyonewillhaveacreditcard.
A.Yes,thereisB.No,thereisn’tC.Yes,therewillD.No,therewon’t
2.more,less和fewer用于表示数量的用法
more/fewer+countablenouns
more/less+uncountablenouns
三个词都是比较级,用法如下:
a.more原形是many或much,"更多的"意思,+不可数名词或可数名词复数
Eg:
Therewillbemorepeopleinthefuture.
Eg:
Istheremoreairpollutioninthecity?
b.less原形是little,"更少的"意思,+不可数名词
Eg:
Therewaslessteainthecup.
Eg:
Therewillbelesswarinthefuture.
c.fewer原形是few,"更少的"意思,+可数名词
Eg:
Iamnewhere,soIhavefewerfriendsthanyou.
Eg:
Ihavefewerbooksthanmytablemate.
试一试,看看你会做吗?
用more,less,fewer完成句子
1.Therewillbe_______________(更多的建筑)in50years.
2.Studentswillhave_______________(更少的家庭作业)todo.
3.Therewillbe_______________(更少的污染)here.
4.Kidswillhave_______________(更少的计算机)intheirclassrooms.
5.Therewillbe_______________(更多的图书馆)inthiscity.
6.Therewillbe_______________(更少的树)inthepark.
基础巩固练习:
一.单项选择:
1.Everyone________herebutnoone________her.
A.is;knowsB.are;knowC.is;knowD.are;knows
2.It________himthirtyminutestofinishhishomework.
A.tookB.costC.spentD.used
3.Itisimportant________ustolearnEnglishwell.
A.withB.toC.ofD.for
4.MyunclewenttoLondonand________thereforafewdayslastmonth.
A.livedB.livesC.staysD.stayed
5.Ipredicthewillbeanengineer_______tenyearsbecauseheissointerestedinmakingthings.
A.inB.afterC.laterD.for
6.ThisyearIthinkIwillhave______friendsandspend_______timeinplayingcomputergames.
A.more,lessB.less,moreC.fewer;fewerD.more,fewer
7.Ihearthatthesmallriverisverydirty,and_______peoplegotoswiminit.
A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle
8.Look!
Therearesomechildren________gamesontheplayground.
A.playB.playingC.toplayD.areplaying
9.IfIamanastronautinthefuture,I’ll________tothemoon_____arocket.
A.canfly,byB.beabletofly,inC.tofly,onD.flying,by
10.Wouldyouliketohaveatrynow?
----Sure.It_______bothinterestingandexciting.
A.seemsB.islookingC.islikeD.sound
11.Doyouknow_________in300years?
A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.howmanwilllooklike
C.whatwillmanlooklikeD.howwillmanlooklike
12.Mum,couldyoubuymeadresslikethis?
---Certainly,wecanbuy_____thanthis,but_______this.
A.abetter,betterthanB.aworse,asgoodas
C.acheaper,asgoodasD.amoreimportant,notasgoodas
13.Howmanypeople__________therefiftyyearsago.
A.willB.wereC.areD.willbe
14.I________rocketstothemoonwhenIgrowup.
A.takeB.willflyC.tookD.willbefly
15.Itwilltake________yearstomakerobots________themostunpleasantthings.
A.hundred,doB.hundredsof,todoC.twohundreds,doD.hundredsof,do
16.Thiscoatdoesn'tfithimwell,ashehas_________ahugebodyandthecoatis_________small.
A.so;such B.so;so C.such;such D.such;so
17.Here’s_______inkinmypen.Couldyougivemesome?
A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle
18.Myfriends________apetpigintheirhouses.
A.keepsB.feedsC.keepD.look
19.Couldyoupassmetwo__________?
A.piecesofpaperB.piecesofpapersC.piecespaperD.piecepapers
20.Ourteachertried________theplayers________wellinthematch.
A.make;playB.tomake;toplayC.tomake;playD.make;toplay
二.按照括号里的意思填空
1.Whenshewas20,herdreamtobeasinger___________________(实现).
2.Weshouldrememberthewords______and________________(反复地).
3.Infact,insomecities,theairp_________isquiteserious(严重的).What’syouropinion,Mary?
4.Hermother________(可能)gotoAustralia.
5.I________________________________(爱上了)thebigcityofShanghaiassoonasIgottherelastyear.
6.I____________________(不同意)him.SoIputupmyhandstosayoutmyideas.
7.IwillwritealettertoyouassoonasI___________(有空)
8.IneedtowearasuitwhenItakepartinthe__________________(工作面试)
9.He______________(醒来)toworkforhisfamilyandfutureeveryday.
10.Anearthquake________________(发生)inwesternpartofChinalastyear.
三.用正确的形式填空
1.Wearesureourcitywillbeeven___________(good)tomorrow.
2.Citiesinthefuturewillbe__________(crowd).
3.Peoplewilllive__________________(be)200yearsold.
4.Pleasebuysomeelectric_________(toothbrush)forthem.
5.Ofcourse,computerswill_________(use)bymostpeopleinthefuture.
6.DoyouknowtheChangjiangRiverisoneofthe_______(long)riversintheworld?
7.Computercontrol(控制)seemed__________(possible)100yearsago.
8.Inthefuture,_________(human)willstillhavemuchknowledgetolearn.
9.There________________(be)manypeopleattomorrow’sparty.
10.Shewillbea______________(science)whenshe____________________(grow)up.
四.按照字母提示,选用正确的单词填空
1.Asweknow,FeiJunlongandNieHaishengarebotha_______inChina.
2.Its________thatheisveryangrywithyou.
3.R_______candomanythingsforhumanbeings.
4.Iliveinana__________withmyparentsinabigcity.
5.Mr.Liisgoodatcomputer.Hewantstobeacomputerp___________.
6.Noonewantstohangoutwithmetoday,soIhavetogoouta________.
7.P________wasfirstinventedinChina.
8.Thesedayseveryoneu___________computerstodoalotofthings.
9.Heoftenhelpsme_____(do)somehousework.
---(同义句)Heoftenhelpsme________somehousework..
五.翻译下面的句子
1.你认为人们的家里会有机器人吗?
Doyouthink________________berobotsinpeople’shomes.
2.他的叔叔是一名宇航员。
他去年在太空站工作。
Hisuncleisan_________.Heworked______a__________________lastyear.
3.当我年纪大一点的时候,我喜欢为我自己工作。
Iliketowork_________________________,whenIamolder.
4.明天天气怎么样?
___________________theweather______________________tomorrow?
5.哪个国家会赢得下一次世界杯?
_________country___________________thenext___________________?
6.他每天有较少的空闲时间。
Hehas_____________________________________everyday.
7.你同意将会有更多的污染吗?
Doyou_________therewill_____________________________?
8.从现在起你不必为任何人而改变自己。
Youwon’tchangeyourselfforanyoneelse____________________________
9.Thestudentswillworkinthesupermarket.(对划线部分提问)
__________________thestudents_________?
10.Theworkerswillfinishbuildingthenewbridgeinthreemonths.(对划线部分提问)
___________________willtheworkersfinishbuildingthenewbridge?
六、阅读理解
A
TomandFredaretalkingabouttheyear2020."Whatwillourworldbelikeintheyear2020?
""Idon'tknow."saysFred."Whatdoyouthink?
""Well,nooneknows,butit'sinterestingtoguess.""Intheyear2020everyonewillcarryapocketcomputer.Thecomputerwillgivepeopletheanswerstoalltheirproblems.Weshallallhavetelephonesinourpockets,too,andwe'llbeabletotalktoourfriendsallovertheworld.Perhapswe'llbeabletoseethematthesametime.""Alot