届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之六17页word版.docx

届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之六17页word版.docx

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届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之六17页word版

2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之六

[一]

Ifyou’veeverlookedatacomputerscreenforhoursonend,youprobablyknowwhatitfeelslikewhenyoureyesaretiredandyourheadistense.

Whatyouarelikelyexperiencingisdigitaleyestrain（劳损）.Itcouldalsoleadtodryeyes.Butarescreenscriminalsbehindneedingglasses?

Notnecessarily,accordingtoMelanieSchmitt,anassistantprofessorattheUniversityofWisconsin.

Therehasbeenanincreaseincasesofnearsightedness,butscientistsdon’tknowifscreensdothedamage.“Severalotherfactorscancausethephenomenonofnearsightedness,oneofwhichistoomuchtimespentindoors.Lookingatascreenfortoolongcancauseeyestrain,butitdoesn’thaveanylonglastingconsequences,”Schmittsays.

ArecentstudybyresearchersinMadriddidfindthatLEDlights—thoseusedinscreens—contributedtoretina（视网膜）damageintheeyesofrats.However,moreresearchisnecessarytodetermineifthesameeffectoccursinhumans.

You’resuretofeeltheconsequenceofnottakingscreenbreaksthroughouttheday.Inordernottohavedigitaleyestrain,eyedoctorssaythatyou’dbesttakea20-secondbreaktolookatsomething20feetawayevery20minutes.Italsoworksalittlebitifyouadjustyourcomputertoremoveaglareoruseeyedropstokeepyoureyeswet.

“Ialwaystellpatientsandparentsthatcomeintoseemetheimportanceofgettingchildrenoutsidetoplayandbeexposedinnaturallighting,”Schmittsays.“Thisgoesforadults,too.Goingoutsideisanopportunityfortheeyestorestfromnear-workandlookatdistanceinstead.”

32.Whatwillhappenifyoufixyoureyesonacomputerscreentoolong?

A.You’llfeeltiredallover.B.You’llhaveabadheadache.

C.You’llsufferfromeyedamage.D.You’llloseyoureyesighttemporarily.

33.InSchmitt’sopinion,whichofthefollowingcancausenearsightedness?

A.Stayingindoorstoolong.B.UsingLEDlights.

C.Takingscreenbreaks.D.Usingeyedropsoften.

34.What’sthebestwaytopreventdigitaleyestrain?

A.Tokeepeyeswetallthetime.B.Tofollowthe20/20/20rule.

C.Toavoiddoingmuchnear-work.D.Tositasfarfromthecomputeraspossible.

35.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AreScreensCriminalsBehindNeedingGlasses?

B.ARecentStudyonEyeDamages

C.HowtoProtectYourEyesTimely?

D.AnIncreaseinCasesofNearsightedness

参考答案：

32-35CABA

[二]

LondonEastEndFoodTour

FeastyoursensesonthecookingsceneofEastLondonduringa3.5-hourwalkingtouroftheLondondistrict.GreetyourguidenearSpitalfieldsandstartyourjoyfulexplorationofEastLondon.Receiveaninterestingintroductiontothearea’sculturallydiverseculinary（烹饪的）sceneandpreparetosample10localspecialtiesduringyourwalk.

Beginwithabaconsandwichataward-winningrestaurantStJohnBreadandWine,andenjoythecontrastbetweensoftbreadandcrispbaconasyouenjoytheBritishbreakfast.Next,travelbackintimeasyouvisittheEnglishRestauranttotasteitsfamousbreadpudding.

ContinuetoAndrouet,acheeseproducerfamousforitscraftsmanvarieties,foratastingmeetingandthenwandertoPoppies,angenuinefishandchipshopadmiredforitstraditionalreproductionofanEnglishculinaryclassic.

HeadnexttoBrickLanetoabsorbtheatmosphereofthewonderfulculinarycentre.Accustomyoureyestothesignsabovecountlesscurry（咖喱）houses,andtakeaseatatoneofAladin’stablestotryincrediblevarietiesofcurry.

Then,prepareyourselfforanexcellentsalt-beefbagel,asmallring-shapedtypeofbread,fromoneofBritain’smostpopularbagelshops,BeigelBake.ConcludeyourtourwithasweettreatatahistoricalEnglishrestaurant;enjoythedelicioustasteofsaltedeggtart（蛋挞）andthenbidyourguidefarewellinthenoisyheartofShoreditch.

21.WherecanyoutrythetraditionalBritishfish?

A.NearSpitalfields.B.AttheEnglishRestaurant.

C.AttheshopPoppies.D.AtarestaurantStJohnBreadandWine.

22.Whatisyourlastfeastofthetour?

A.Asweettreat.B.Thesaltedeggtart.

C.Thevarietiesofcurry.D.Asmallring-shapedtypeofbread.

23.Howlongwillittakeyoutocompletethetouronceonfoot?

A.About1hour.B.About4hours.

C.About8hours.D.About12hours.

参考答案：

21-23.CBB

[三]

ManypeopletraveledtoLasVegas,Nevadalastweekforthe50thConsumerElectronicsShow,orCES.Theshowissaidtohavethelargestcollectionofnewelectronicdevicesintheworld.

Theshowhadmanyexamplesof“smarthome”devices.“Smarthome”technologyisdesignedtomakelifeeasierforpeoplebylettingcomputerscontrolmanythingsinsideourhomes.Onesuchdeviceactuallybeginsworkingoutsidethehome,whensomeonearrivesandringsthedoorbell.

“Whensomeonecomestoyourfrontdoorandringsthedoorbell,thelightcanturnonimmediately.IgetanotificationwhenI’mhalfwayaroundtheworldthatsomeonecame,andIcanstarttalkingtothepersonwho’satmyfrontdoor,andIcansay,‘Oh,hereletmeletyouin,’Icanunlockthedoorforthemveryeasily.”SaidVivint,asmarthomeserviceprovider.

Oneelectronicsmakerlaunchedadevicethatletspeopleseeandinteractwiththeiranimalswhentheyareaway.Thedevice,fromPetcube,letsyouremotelywatchandtalktoyourpetthroughapersonaldevice,accordingtoacompanyofficial.Itcanevengivethepetatreat—ifyouapproveandorderit.

Forheatingorcooling,thereisasmartthermostat.Thisdevicecanalsosendyouamessageifabigstormcausesleaksofflooding.“We’retryingtocatchitwithjustafewdripsbeforeitbecomesarealbigproblem,”saidMikeSaleofiDevices.

Aconcernformanyhomeownersisthepossibilitythatsomeoneelsemightfindawaytoattackthesesmarthomedevices.AnofficialfromVivintsaidhiscompanyissurethatonlyownersofthehomecangainuseofinformationonthedevices.WarrenKatzfromiDevicessaidhiscompanyemploysengineersfromthedefenseindustrytohelppreventhacking.

12.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheshow?

A.Itcreatedmuchattractiontoconsumers.

B.IthasbeenheldinLasVegasmanytimes.

C.Itonlyexhibitedsmarthomedevices.

D.Itisthelargestshoweverheld.

13.What’sthepurposeofParagraph3?

A.Toexplainhowtoanswerthedoor.

B.Toillustrateasmarthomedevice.

C.Totellastoryaboutnicedevices.

D.Tointroduceahomeserviceprovider.

14.Whatmayhappeninthefutureaccordingtothegivenexamples?

A.Computersmayreplacehumanworkersoneday.

B.Astrangercancomeintoyourhouseevenifyou’reout.

C.Thehousecanrepairforitselfifastormcausesdamage.

D.Youcantakegoodcareofyouranimalswhileyou’reaway.

15.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthesmarthomedevicefromthelastparagraph?

A.Informationonthedevicesiseasytoget.

B.Manyofthedevicesarenotavailablenow.

C.Homeownersareconcernedaboutitsoperation.

D.Itssafetycanbeguaranteedatpresent.

【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.D

【参考答案及解析】本文是一篇科技类说明文。

本文主要讲述了新的科学技术的发展使得人们的生活变得更加的便捷，尤其是可以通过远程操控的"smarthome"。

12.推理判断题。

由第一段ManypeopletraveledtoLasVegas,Nevadalastweekforthe50thConsumerElectronicsShow,orCES.Theshowissaidtohavethelargestcollectionofnewelectronicdevicesintheworld.可知，许多人去拉斯维加斯去参观此次展览，这说明这次展览引起了消费者的广泛关注，选A。

13.写作意图题。

第三段举例说明了有客来访，智能家居如何应对，目的在于介绍一款智能家居设备，故选B。

14.推理判断题。

由第四段Itcanevengivethepetatreat—ifyouapproveandorderit.可知，如果你赞同并且要求，它还可以款待你的宠物，由此推知你不在的时候，它也可以很好的照顾你的宠物，故选D。

15.推理判断题。

由最后一段AnofficialfromVivintsaidhiscompanyissurethatonlyownersofthehomecangainuseofinformationonthedevices.WarrenKatzfromiDevicessaidhiscompanyemploysengineersfromthedefenseindustrytohelppreventhacking.可推知，目前，智能家居的安全性可以得到保证，选D。

点睛：

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

例如：

小题4由最后一段AnofficialfromVivintsaidhiscompanyissurethatonlyownersofthehomecangainuseofinformationonthedevices.WarrenKatzfromiDevicessaidhiscompanyemploysengineersfromthedefenseindustrytohelppreventhacking.可知，官员说只有房子的主人才能获得这个设备的使用信息，并且他的公司雇佣了来自国防工业的工程师来帮助防止黑客攻击。

故推知目前智能家居的安全性可以得到保证，选D。

[四]

In1869,theSmileyfamilypurchasedanareaoflandabout100milesnorthofNewYorkCity.Overtime,someoftheirpropertyandmuchofthesurroundinglandscapebecametheMohonkPreserve,whichhassincegrownto8,000acresandattractsvisitorsandrockclimbers.

ButtheMohonkPreservealsohasalongscientificlegacy.Inthe1930s,DanSmiley,adescendentoftheoriginalowners,begankeepingtrackoftheplantsandanimalsthatlivedinthearea.

MeganNapoliisaresearchecologistwiththeMohonkPreserveinNewYork.ShethinksSmiley’seffortsproducedararelong-termdatasetofobservations,whichisusefulforstudyingtheimpactsofclimatechange.Forinstance,otherresearchhasshownthatsongbirdsaremigratingnorthearlierandearlierinthespring.

It'simportantforthebirdstoarriveatthepropertimeinthespring,becausetheyneedtotimetheirarrivalwiththeinsectemergence.Sotheyneedtobeheretoestablishtheirnestingsites,laytheireggs.Oncetheeggshatch,theyhavetheirbabybirds,sotheyneedtotimeitwhentheinsectsaremostabundant.

Napolihasbegunanalyzingabout76,000observationsofsongbirdmigrationdatescollectedbySmileyandhisteamtoseeifthey,too,showthatclimatechangehasalteredthetimingofmigrations.Herresultssuggestthattheydo.

Napolifoundthatshort-distancemigrantsthatspendtheirwintersinthesouthernU.S.nowarriveanaverageofelevendaysearlierthantheydidinthe1930s.Long-distancemigrantsthatoverwinterinthetr