大学英语教学课件（大二上册）metaphors-of-Culture文化理解.pptx

大学英语教学课件（大二上册）metaphors-of-Culture文化理解.pptx

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,MetaphorsofCulture,anicebergsoftwareofourmindtherulesofthegameanonionwaterthatfishisswimmingin,1,1）AnIceberg,Objectiveculture:

history,literature,andcustoms.（visible,smallpart）Subjectiveculture:

feelingsandattitudesaboutthings.（invisible,largepart）,2,Whichofthefollowingareabovethewaterandwhicharebelow?

WhatpeopleeatWhatpeoplewearWhatgameschildrenplayHowtousetimeHowtointroducepeopleHowtoparticipateinceremoniesRulesforgesturesRulesforfacialexpressionsandeyecontactEtiquetteWorkspeedWhatisrightorwrong,beautifulorugly,cleanordirty,goodorbad,etc.Carparking,3,4,3）TheRulesoftheGame,Everybodyisplayinginanyparticularsocietyalthoughwegenerallyarenothighlyawareoftherulesatanygivenmoment.Thesesharedrulesofthegametellushowtocommunicatewithothersandhowtointerpretthebehaviorofthosearoundus.,5,CaseStudy,Richard,anengineerfromtheUnitedStates,wasinvitedtotaketeawithoneofhisBritishcolleagueswhilehewasinEngland.Thiswasapurelysocial,relaxedoccasion.Teawasservedalongwithsugarandcream.Ashehelpedhimselftosomesugarandcream,hesensedhehaddonesomethingwrong.Canyoutellwhatwentwrong?

“Helpyourself”VS.“Bemyguest”,6,4）AnOnion,Theonionhasthreedifferentlayers.theouterlayerthemiddlelayertheinnernuclearlayer.Bythesametoken,culturelikeanonion.whenyoustripitlayerbylayer,youwillnoticethefactthattheculturealsohavethreelayers.,7,ThreeLevels,Threelevelsofculturethataremoreclearlyobservable:

1）Theouterlevel:

symbols,suchaswords,colororotherartifactsthatcarryaspecialmeaningThemiddlelevel:

heroes,suchasadmiredpersonswhoserveasanexampleforbehaviorTheinnernucleuslevel:

rituals,suchaswaysofgreetingandpayingrespect,8,ExampleAmericansinCulturalOnion,Symbols:

noseparationamongoffices,humorouslanguageanddressedindividually.Heroes:

AlbertLincoln,fordemocracy;BillGates,takingriskandinnovative.Rituals:

smallpowerdistance,equal,namesdirectly,Values:

freedom,diversity,risk-takingandinnovativeAnyexamplesofC9hineseinCulturalOnion?

SevenLayers&ThreeLevels,artifactsbehaviorfeelingsvaluesbeliefsworldviewultimateallegiance,10,1）Foundationallevel,2）Evaluatinglevel,3）Actualizinglevel,外层：

象征物，语言、食物、服饰、建筑、时装、艺术中间层：

英雄人物性格，可敬英雄人物的影响核心层：

礼仪，打招呼、尊重等,11,ThreeLevels,基础层（内）：

理解世界的开始和根本，我们的心理地图评价层（中）：

检查和评判人生的自动系统。

实现层（外）：

对现实的实现及最基础心理地图的实现。

12,ThreeLevels,SevenLayers,制品行为感觉价值信仰世界观忠诚,13,5）WaterthatFishIsSwimmingin,Thefishnoticeseverythingexceptthewaterheisswimmingin.Thefishtakesthewaterforgranted.Wetakeeverythingaroundusforgranted.,14,CharacteristicsofCulture,Cultureisshared.Itislearned.Itistransmittedfromonegenerationtoanother.Cultureisdynamic,changingconstantly.,15,Thankyou!

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