IFR Oral Questions题库.docx

IFR Oral Questions题库.docx

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IFROralQuestions题库

IFROralQuestions

IFRFlightTimeRequirements

a）50hourscrosscountryasPIC（atleast10inairplanes）

b）40hoursInstrument（actualorsimulated）

c）15hoursinstrumentdualtrainingfromCFI（insametype）

d）3hoursinstrumenttrainingwithin60dayspriortotest

e）250NMcross-countryconductedunderIFRwith3differenttypesofapproaches

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WhenisInstrumentRatingrequired?

a）OnIFRFlightPlan

b）InClassAAirspace

c）InweatherconditionslessthanVFR

d）UnderspecialVFRwithinClassB,C,D,andEsurfaceareasbetweensunsetandsunrise（night）

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Recency-of-experiencerequirementsforIFR

a）6instrumentapproaches,holdingpatterns,andintercepting/trackingofcoursesusingnavigationaidswithintheprecedingsixmonths.

b）3take-offsandlandingswithinpreceding90days（fullstopatnight）tocarrypassengers

c）Biennialflightreview

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Ifinstrumentcurrencyexpires,whatcanbedonetobecomecurrentagain?

Withinsixmonthsofexpiration,completetherequirements（instrumentapproaches,holdingpatterns,andintercepting/trackingcourses）withasafetypilotinsimulatedIFRconditionsonly.Afterthat,mustgetacheckwithanexaminer,authorizedinstructor,orFAA-approvedperson.

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Requirementsofsafetypilot

a）Possessacurrentmedicalcertificate

b）Possessaprivatepilot'slicensewithappropriatecategory/classratings

c）IfflightisconductedonanIFRflightplan,safetypilotmusthaveinstrumentrating

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InfoaPICmustbefamiliarwithbeforeaflight

Allavailableinformation,including:

a）weatherreportsandforecasts

b）fuelrequirements

c）alternativesifflightcannotbecompletedasplanned

d）knownATCdelays

e）runawaylengthsofintendeduse

f）takeoffandlandingdistances

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WhatarefuelrequirementsforflightinIFRconditions?

Withalternateairport:

enoughfueltoflytointendedairport（holdingpatternincluded）,thentoalternate,thenfor45minutesafteratcruisespeed

Withoutalternateairport:

enoughtoflytodestinationairportandlandwith45minfuelremaining

BeforeconductingIFRflightusingGPSequipmentfornavigation,whatchecksshouldbemade?

a）verifythatGPSequipmentisproperlyinstalledandcertifiedforplannedIFR

b）verifythatdatabaseiscurrent（notexpired）

c）reviewtheGPSNOTAM/RAIMinformationforplannedrouteofflight

Aircraftinstruments/equipmentrequiredforIFRflight

G-generatororalternatorofsufficientcapacity

R-radiosfornavigation

A-altimeter（sensitive）

B-ball（forturncoordination）

C-clockwithsweep-secondhand

A-attitudeindicator

R-rate-of-turncoordinator

D-directionalgyro

D-DME/RNAV（forflightatFL240andaboveifVORequipmentnecessaryforplannedroute）

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Requiredtests/inspectionsofaircraft/equipmentforIFRflight

A-annual

V-VOR（30days）

1-100hour

A-altimeter（24months）

T-transponder（24months）

E-ELT（12months）

Pitot/staticsystem（withinpast24months）

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Portableelectronicdevicesonaircraft

Notallowed,especiallyoncommercialoperators/carriersoranyaircraftoperatedIFR. 

Exceptions:

portablevoicerecorders,hearingaids,heartpacemakers,electricshavers,oranyotherportableelectronicdevicesthatwillnotcauseinterferencewithNAV/COM.

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DocumentsonboardtobelegalforIFR

A-airworthinesscertificate

R-registrationcertificate

R-radiostationlicense（ifinternationaloperations）

O-owner'smanualoroperatinglimitations

W-weightandbalancedata

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HowoftenisGPSwaypointinformationupdated?

Every28days,andmaintainedbyNationalFlightDataCenter（NFDC）

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WhenmustpilotfileanIFRflightplan?

Priortodeparturefromwithinorpriortoenteringcontrolledairspace:

submitflightplanandreceiveclearancefromATCifweatherconditionsarebelowVFRminimums.File30minutespriortodeparturetoprecludedelayinreceivingdepartureclearance.

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WhencanyoucancelIFRflightplan?

AnytimetheflightisoperatedduringVFRconditionsoutsideofClassA.

Beawarethatotherproceduresmaybeapplicableinarea,suchasdesignatedTRSA,ClassC,orClassB.

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Whattypeofaircraftequipmentdeterminesyour"specialequipment"suffixwhenfilingIFR?

a）radarbeacontransponder

b）DMEequipment

c）TACAN-onlyequipment

d）AreaNavigationequipment（RNAV）-LORAN,INS

e）AdvancedAreaNavigationequipment-GlobalPositioningSystem（GPS）/GlobalNavigationSatelliteSystem（GNSS）

f）ReducedVerticalSeparationMinimum（RVSM）authorization

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Block7offlightplan-altitudespecified?

Initialaltitude,makesubsequentrequeststocontrollerwheninair

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**AlternateAirportRequirements**

1-2-3rule:

Alternaterequirediffrom1hourbeforeto1hourafterforecastarrivalatdestinationairporthas2000footceilingsandlessthan3SMvisibility.Alternaterequirements:

a）IfIAPispublishedforalternate,usethoseminimums,otherwise600-2（600footceilings,2SMvisibility）forPrecisionApproach,and800-2forNonprecisionApproach

b）IfnoIAPhasbeenpublished,ceilingandvisibilityminimumsarethoserequiredfordescentfromMEA,approach,andlandunderbasicVFR

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Define"ceiling"

HeightaboveEarth'ssurface（AGL）oflowestcloudlayerdefinedasobscured,broken,overcast,butnotthinorpartial.

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Whatarepreferredroutes,andwherecantheybefound?

RoutesinhightrafficareasthatATCdesignatesto-andfrom-busyairports.FoundinA/FD

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WhatareEnrouteLow-AltitudeCharts?

ProvideaeronauticalinformationfornavigationunderIFRconditionsbelow18,000feetMSL（underClassA）.Revisedevery56days.

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WhatareEnrouteHigh-AltitudeCharts?

Provideinformationfornavigationabove18,000feetMSL.Four-colorchartseriesincludesjetroutestructure;VHFNAVAIDswithfrequency,identification,channel,geographiccoordinates;selectedairports;reportingpoints.Revisedevery56days.

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Whatare"areacharts"?

AreachartsshowcongestedterminalareassuchasDallas/FWorAtlantaatalargescale.TheyareincludedwithsubscriptionstoanyconterminousUSsetLow（Fullset,EastorWestsets）.Revisedevery56days.

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Wherecaninformationonpossiblenavigationalaidlimitationsbefound?

NOTAMsaswellasA/FDswillcontaincurrentlimitations

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WhataretherequiredreportsforequipmentmalfunctionunderIFR-controllerairspace?

a）FailureofVOR,TACAN,ADF,orlowfrequencynavigationreceivercapability

b）GPSanomalieswhileusingIFR-certifiedGPS/GNSSreceivers

c）CompleteorpartiallossofILSreceivercapability

d）Impairmentofair/groundcommunicationcapability

e）Lossofanyotherequipmentinstalledintheaircraftwhichmayimpairsafetyand/ortheabilitytooperateinIFR

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HowcanIFRclearancebeobtained?

a）AtairportwithATCtowerinoperation,clearancemaybereceivedfromgroundcontrolorspecificclearancedeliveryfrequency

b）AtairportswithoutatowerorFSSonfield,orinoutlyingarea:

-Clearancemaybereceivedoverradiothroughremotecommunicationoutlet（RCO）orovertelephone

-Clearancedeliveryfrequencyisavailablethatisusableatairportswithinspecificarea,sayClassBairspace

-Ifabovenotavailable,clearancecanbereceivedfromARTCConceairborneaslongasyoustayinClassEairspaceVFR

AskthenearestFSSforappropriatemeans.

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Whatdoes"clearedasfiled"mean?

ATCwillissueabbreviatedthisstatementofIFRclearancebasedonrouteofflightasfiledintheIFRflightplan

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WhichclearanceitemsaregiveninanabbreviatedIFRclearance?

C-ClearanceLimit（destinationairportorfix）

R-Route（initialheading）

A-Altitude（initialaltitude）

F-frequency（departure）

T-transponder（squawkcode）

Note:

ATCproceduresrequirecontrollertostatetheDepartureProcedure（DP）withinRouteinfoifapplicableaswell

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Whatdoes"clearancevoidtime"mean?

Whenoperatingfromnon-toweredfield,thisisthetimeafterwhichtheIFRclearanceisvoidedandpilotmustreportintentionstoATC（within30minutes）

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Whatdoes"holdforrelease"meanwhenincludedinIFRclearance?

Delaystheaircraft'sdeparturefortrafficmanagementreasons.MaynotdepartunderIFRclearanceuntilareleasetimeoradditionalinstructionsareprovidedbyATC

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MinimumsnecessaryforIFRtakeoffunder14CFRPart91?

UnderParts121,125,129,or135?

Part91:

None

OtherParts（assumingTakeoffMinimumsnotprescribedforthatairportunderPart97）:

1SMvisibilityforaircraftwith2enginesorless,1/2SMforaircraftwith3ormoreengines

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Whatis"goodoperatingpractice"indeterminingtakeoffminimumsforIFRflight?

UsetheminimaintheInstrumentApproachProcedureforthatairport.Ifnoneavailable,usebasicVFRminimums（1000feetceilings,3miles）

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WhatareDPsandwhyaretheynecessary?

DepartureProcedures（DPs）arepreplannedIFRproceduresthatprovideobstructionclearancesfromrunwaytoenrouteairway.Providesobstacleclearanceprotectionand,atbusierairports,increasesefficiencybyreducingcommunicationanddeparturedelays.PilotsunderPart91arestronglyencouragedtofileandflyaDPatnight,duringmarginalVMCandIMC,whenoneisavailable.

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WhataretwotypesofDPs?

a）ObstacleDepartureProcedures（ODPs）-textually/graphically,

obstructionclearancevialeastburdensomeroute,

NoneedforATCclearanceunlessalternatedepartureprocedure（SIDorradarvector）hasbeenspecificallyassignedbyATC.

b）StandardInstrumentDepartures（SIDs）- 

alwaysgraphically,

obstructionclearanceandtransition,

systemenhancementandreducepilot/controllerworkload,

ATCclearancemustbereceivedprior

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Whatcriteriaareused