黑龙江省双鸭山一中学年高二英语下学期期末考试.docx

黑龙江省双鸭山一中学年高二英语下学期期末考试.docx

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黑龙江省双鸭山一中学年高二英语下学期期末考试

双鸭山市第一中学2013—2014学年度高二下学期期末考试

英语试卷

第I卷（选择题）

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中（A、B、C和D），选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

 GlobalPositioningSystems（GPS）areplayinganimportantpartinourdailylife.Theyarenowapartofeverydaydrivinginmanycountries.Thesesatellite-basedsystemsprovideturn-by-turndirectionstohelppeoplegettowheretheywanttogo.But,theycanalsocausealotofproblems,sendyoutothewrongplaceorleaveyoucompletelylost.Manytimes,thedriveristoblame.SometimesaGPSerrorisresponsible.Mostoften,saysBarryBrown,itisacombinationofthetwo.

WespoketoMr.BrownbySkype（网络电话软件）.HetoldusaboutanincidentinvolvingafriendwhohadflowntoanairportintheeasternUnitedStates.ThereheborrowedaGPS-equippedcartouseduringhisstay.BARRYBROWN:

“Andtheyjust plugged inanaddressandthensetofftotheirdestination.And,thenitwasn’tuntiltheyweredrivingforthirtyminutesthattheyrealizedtheyactuallyputinadestinationbackontheWestCoastwheretheylived.Theyactuallyputtheirhomeaddressin.Soagain,theGPSiskindof'garbageingarbageout'.”

MrBrownsaysthisisacommonhumanerror.But,hesays,whatmakestheproblemworsehastodowithsomeoftheshortcomings,orfailures,ofGPSequipment.BARRYBROWN:

“OneproblemwithalotoftheGPSunitsisthattheyhaveaverysmallscreenandtheyjusttellyouthenextturn.Becausetheyjustgiveyouthenextturn,sometimesthatmeansthatitisnotreallygivingyouthe overview thatyouwouldneedtoknowthatit’sgoingtothewrongplace.”

BarryBrownformerlyservedasaprofessorwiththeUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego.Whilethere,heworkedonaprojectwithEricLaurierfromtheUniversityofEdinburgh.ThetwomenstudiedtheeffectsofGPSdevicesondrivingbyplacingcamerasinpeople’scars.Theywroteapaperbasedontheirresearch.Itiscalled“TheNormal,NaturalTroublesofDrivingwithGPS.”

ItlistsseveralareaswhereGPSsystemscancauseconfusionfordrivers.Theseincludemapsthatareoutdated,incorrectordifficulttounderstand.Theyalsoincludetimingissues（时机问题）relatedtowhenGPScommandsaregiven.

BarryBrownsays,“TomakeGPSsystemsbetterweneedabetterunderstandingofhowdrivers,passengersandGPSsystemsworktogether.”

1.Inparagraph2,Mr.Brownmentionedhisfriendintheconversationto_______.

A.builduphisownreputation  

B.describeanexampleofhumanerror

C.provetheGPSsystemisonlygarbage 

D.laughathisstupidfriend

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldBarryBrownmostlikelyagreewith?

A.GPSunitsaretoblameformostGPSservicefailures.

B.Weshouldintroducehigherstandardsforthedrivinglicense.

C.Drivers,GPSsystemsandpassengersshouldunitetoimproveGPSsystems.

D.CamerasareurgentlyneededtohelpimproveGPSsystems.

3.WhatisMr.Brown’sattitudetowardsGPS?

A.Objective.

B.Prejudiced. 

C.Unconcerned.

D.Critical.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestdescribethemainideaofthepassage?

A.GPSequipmentindrivingtobedesertedorimproved

B.Drivingconfusionscanbecausedbysmallscreens.

C.DrivingwithoutGPSshouldbemuchmoreconvenient.

D.DrivingwithGPScanbedifficult.

B

Shouldpeoplewhostudyscienceandbusinesspaylessforcollegethanpeoplewhofocusonartandhistory?

ThatmaysoonbethecaseatFlorida’sstateuniversities.

Intougheconomictimes,FloridagovernorRickScottwantstoleadcollegestudentstowardcareersthatwillpayoffaftergraduation.TherearemorejobsavailableinFloridainthefieldsofbusiness,engineering,healthcare,scienceandtechnology.Sowhynotencouragestudentstofocusonthese“high-demand”subjectsbycharginglesstuition（学费）forthem?

“Weassumestudentsgotocollegebecausetheywanttopursuejobs,”DaleBrillsaid.Heistheheadofagroupofbusinesspeople,educatorsandlawmakerswhomadetherecommendationtothegovernortokeeptuitionlowforjob-friendlyareasofacademicstudy.“Weallsharethegoalofstudentsgettingjobsandbeingproductivecitizens.Somemajorsaremorevaluablethanothers.”

Supportersoftheplanhavetheirreasons.Morestudentswillchoosethese“high-demand”majorsandgetjobsaftergraduation.Thestatewillgainaneducatedworkforcethatisqualifiedtofillopenjobs.Universitiesthatcanshowthattheirgraduatesaregettingjobswillqualifyformorefundingfromthestate.

Butcriticsoftheplansayit’sunfairtoloadhumanitiesmajors—thosewhostudyliterature,philosophy,historyandart—withdebtwhilekeepingtuitionlowforso-called“high-demand”majorsinbusinessandscience.Infact,universityprofessorswrotealettertoGovernorScottarguingthatifstudentsmajoringinhistoryandotherhumanitiessubjectsareforcedtopayhighertuition,theymaysimplychoosetoattenduniversitiesinotherstates.

Stillothersarguethattheplansetsstudentsupforfailure.Studentsshouldchoosemajorsbasedontheirinterests,skillsandtalents,ratherthanonwhatjobsareavailableatanygiventime.Thosewhochoosemajorsbecausetheyareinterestedinaparticularfieldofstudywillbemoresuccessfulandsatisfiedintheircareers.

5.WhydoesFloridagovernorRickScottwanttochargescienceandbusinessstudentsless?

A.Becausethesefieldsusuallyattractveryfewstudents.

B.Becausescienceandbusinessaretoodifficulttolearn.

C.Becausehewantsmorestudentstochoosethesefields.

D.Becausehethinkstheyhaveapoorfamilybackground.

6.ItisimpliedinParagraph4that_______.

A.therearenotenoughopenjobsforgraduatesinthestateofFlorida

B.universitieswon’tbenefitfromadmittingmorestudentstoscienceareas

C.encouragingstudentstochoose“high-demand”majorsisbeneficial

D.universitieswilltrytoenrollmorestudentsinordertoreceivemorefunding

7.AccordingtoParagraph5,whyaresomecriticsagainsttheplan?

A.Theplanwillmaketuitionhigherforstudentsinotherfields.

B.Theplanwillforceartstudentstotransfertoscienceandbusiness.

C.Theplanwillsetabadexampletootheruniversitiesinotherstates.

D.Theplanisunfairtoliterature,philosophy,historyandartstudents.

8.Whatdoesthelastparagraphtellus?

A.Moststudentschooseamajorbecauseitcanleadtogoodjobs.

B.Manystudentsregretchoosingamajortheythoughttheyloved.

C.Studentswhochooseamajorbecauseofjobsusuallyfailintheend.

D.Jobsshouldn’tbetheonlyreasonforstudentstochooseamajor.

C

Highheels,coffeecupsanddogshavebeenregardedasthreeofthemostdangerousthingstohaveinacar.Theseeminglyharmlessitemshavebeenresponsibleformorethan13millioncrashesandnearmissesonBritain’sroads.

Whilemenwereresponsibleforthegreaternumberofaccidentsreported,womenplayedtheirpartbydrivinginhighheels.Puttingfashionoverfunctionmeant44percentoffemalemotoristshadbeenpreventedfromusingthepedalscorrectlybytheirhighheels—withthoseaged25to34accountingformostoftheincidentsreported.

Thosekeenforacaffeinekickwhiledrivingcanalsocreateanaccidentiftheyleaveemptycoffeecupslyingaroundtheirvehicle.Twentypercentofthosesurveyedadmittedtheyhadcrashedtheircarorhadanearmissafteradesertedcoffeecuporemptydrinkbottlerolledundertheirbrakepedal（刹车踏板）.

However,itisnotjustwearingandeatingthatcauseathreatfrominsidethecar,man’sbestfriendcouldalsocauseacatastropheifnotsafelysecured.Oneineightmotoristsclaimedtohavehadascrape（刮檫）ornearmissontheroadduetotheirdog’swanderingfreely,climbingintothefrontseatortryingtoescapethroughthewindows.

Theaccidentsmeantdriverstooktheireyesofftheroadformorethanthreesecondseachtime,accordingtothepollof2,000Britishmotorists.Thesurveyhasfounddriverswillpickupanaveragebillof ￡261.47forthedamagecausedbyeverycrash.LondonerswerethemostatriskofanaccidentcloselyfollowedbymotoristsintheWestMidlandandWales.

JanetConnor,amanagingdirector,saidmanyaccidentscouldbeavoidedifpeoplecleanedtheircarsregularly,asoneintendriversinvolvedincrashesadmittedtodrivinginsideamountainof debris.Shesaid,“Thepossibledangersanddistractionsoutsidethecararewellknownbutastheevidencesuggests,thosewithinthecarareoftenforgotten.”

9.Thosewholikedrinkingcoffeeoftenhaveaccidentsbecause_________.

A. thedesertedcoffeecupsmaymakethebrakefail

B. thecoffeemaymakethemfeelfaint

C. thecoffeemaymakethecarsmellterrible

D. thedesertedcoffeecupsmaylookthesameasbrakepedals

10.Whyshouldn’tdriversputtheirdogsinthecarwhiledriving?

A. Dogsmaywalkaroundoreventrytoescape.

B. Dogsmaybarkloudlywhentheyseethetrafficlights.

C. Dogsmaymaketheinsideofthecardirty.

D. Dogsmaybreakthewindowtogetfreshair.

11.Theunderlinedword“debris”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans“_________”.

A.usefulmaterials 

B. wastematerials  

C.importantmaterials

D.colorfulmaterials

12.Wecanmainlylearnfromthepassagethat________.

A. only10%ofthedriversremembertokeeptheircarclean

B. dangerswithinthecarshouldbegivenmoreattentionto

C. peopleoftenneglectthedangersoutsidethecar

D. accidentscanbeavoidedifcarsarecleanedregularly

D

Therehasbeenanoutpouringoflovefora23-year-olddisabledwomanwhosedogwaskilledinfrontofherwhileagroomer（美容师）triedtotrim（修剪）itsclaws.

Callsande-mailscamefromasfarawayastheUpperPeni