系动词.docx
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系动词
系动词
1.最常用连系动词:
be(am;is/was;are/were)。
2.表变化的系动词:
get;turn;go;fall;become;grow;come;run。
Eg:
Itisbecomingcolderandcolder.
Thefoodhasgonebad.
此处还需注意的是become和turn后接表职业的名词时冠词的有无:
Eg:
Twoyearslater,hebecameateacher.
但Twoyearslater,heturnedteacher.
另外,go表变化时一般指事情向消极、不好的方面转化。
3.所谓“感官动词”:
look;sound;taste;smell;feel。
一般它们在句子中译成:
。
。
。
起来;。
。
。
上去。
此类系动词为高考 高频词。
Eg:
Thefoodtastedgood.食物尝起来很香。
Eg:
Helookedsadlyatthepicture./
Shelookedsadafterhearingthenews.
Tomtastedthefoodandittastedgood.
4.表状态的系动词:
keep;stay;remain;(依然是;保持)
Eg:
Sheremainsloyaltoherfatherdespitehiscrueltytowardsher.
Whatalovelydaytoday!
IlovefineweatherandIhopeitwillstayfineforsomemoredays.
Muchremainstobedone.
5.表像系动词:
seem;appear。
汉语意义:
看起来像、似乎、好像。
这两个动词有一个共同的特点,即如果要表达时态的变化,需要后接不定时来完成。
Eg:
Heseemedtohavecaughtcold./WhenFathercamein,Tomseemedtobeeatingsomething.
句型转换也要要求牢记
Itseemedthathehadcaughtcold.
WhenFathercamein,itseemedthatTomwaseatingsomething.
6.终止系动词:
prove;turnout。
表达“证实、证明、结果为。
。
。
”之意。
Eg:
Heproved(tobe)right./Theexperimentturnedoutsuccessful.
系动词用法应注意的几个问题
1.一般地说,系动词无进行时态,无被动语态 如:
Yourhandfeelscold.
Thesouptastesgood.
Thedinnersmellsgood.
2.系动词的时态与形容词的比较级连用的问题。
某些含有变化意义的动态系动词如get,become,grow,turn等的进行时态可与形容词的比较级连用,表示渐进过程,其意思是“越来越……”。
例如:
Heisgrowingtallerandtaller.
Ourlifeisgettingbetterandbetter.
Thingsaregettingworse.
3.所有半系动词的被动语态要分情况讨论。
英语中某动词在作系动词用时,无被动语态,而作实义动词用时,才有被动语态,二者不可混为一谈。
例如:
不能说:
Theappleistastedgood.因为taste此时是系动词,“尝起来”之意,指的是苹果的性质,无被动语态)
但我们可以说:
Theappleistastedbyme.这苹果被我尝了一下。
(taste此时指“尝一尝”这一动作,有被动语态)
因此,在平时的英语教学和学习之,要有意注意半系动词在具体的语言环境中到底是系动词用法还是实义动词用法,要注意区分、识别。
4.瞬间动态系动词能否与时间段连用的问题
英语中某些表示瞬间意义的系动词不能与“for+时间段,since+时间点,howlonguntil+时间,by+时间,sofar”等直接连用。
例如:
①不能说:
Hehasbecomeateacherfor2years.
应改为:
Hehasbeenateacherfor2years.
②不能说:
Hehasturnedwritersince3yearsago.
应改为:
Hehasbeenawritesince3yearsago.
或Itistwoyearssinceheturnedwriter.
③不能说:
Hegotangryuntilhischildcamebackhome.
应改为:
Hedidn’tgetangryuntilhischildcamebackhome.
5.系动词能接几种表语(从句)
系动词除了接adj.\n.\prep.短语,还可接以下几种表语形式:
①能接as if/asthough表语从句的系动词有:
look(看起来),smell(闻起来),sound(听起来),feel(觉得);appear(显得),seem(似乎)。
例如:
Itlooksasifwearegoingtohavesnow.看样子天要下雪了。
Helookedasifhehadjuststeppedoutofmybookoffairytales.他看来好像刚从我的童话故事中走出来似的。
Sheseemedasif(though)shecouldn’tunderstandwhyLaurawasthere.看来她好像不能理解为什么劳拉呆在那儿。
Itsoundstomeasthoughthere’sataprunningsomewhere.我好像听到某处水龙头流水的声音。
Shefeltasifherheadweresplitting.她仿佛觉得她的头要裂开了。
Theriverappearedasifenvelopedinsmog.那条河好像笼罩在烟雾之中。
Itseemsasifitwerespringalready.好像已是春天了。
②可用于“It+系动词+that从句”结构的有:
seem,appear如:
Itseemedthathehadmadesomeseriousmistakesinhiswork.好像他在工作中犯了严重错误。
Itappearedthathewastalkingtohimself.好像他在自言自语。
③能用不定式作表语的系动词有:
be,seem,,look,appear,prove,grow.
Herjobistolookafterthechildren.她的工作是照料孩子们。
Heseemsnottolookafterthechildren.他好像不是她的父亲。
Helookstobeayounggirloftwenty.他看起来像是一个20岁的年轻姑娘。
Hedidn’tappeartodislikeit.看不出他憎恨此事。
Myadviceprovedtobewrong.我的建议证明是错误的。
④能与there连用的系动词有:
be,appear,seem.
Thereappearedtobeonlyoneroom.那儿好像只有一个房间。
Thereseems(tobe)noneedtogo.似乎没有必要走。
Exercise
storysounds_________________
A.tobetrue B.astrue C.beingtrue D.true
orangestaste__________
A.good B.well C.tobegood D.tobewell
youfeeling___________ ---Yes,I’mfinenow
A.any well B.anybetter C.quite good D.quitebetter
Ijointheclub,Dad. ----Youcanwhenyou_________abitolder.
A.get B.will get C.gets D.willhavegot
youlikethematerial ----Yes,it_______verysoft.
A.isfeeling B.felt C.feels D.isfelt
lovetogototheseasideonSummer.It_____goodtolieinthesunorswiminthecoolsea.
A.does B.feels C.gets D.makes
womeninbigcitiesusuallyget_______bythehour.
A.pay B.paying C.paid D.topay
don’tyouputthemeatinthefridgeItwill_____freshforseveraldays.
A.bestayed B.stay C.bestaying D.havestayed
youhavesaid_______.
A.issoundedinteresting B.soundsinteresting C.soundinterested D.listensinterested
classbegins.Pleasekeep________.
A.silent B.silence C.thesilence D.silently
!
Severalpeopleinthecrowdseemed_______.
A.tobefighting B.tohavefought C.beingfought D.havingfought
_____thesongshesingssounds!
Ihavenever______abettervoice.
A.beautifully,sounded B.beautiful,sounded C.sweet,listenedto D.sweet,heard
feelingaboutthemarriage______ratherstrange.
A.islooked B.isseemed C.seems D.isappeared
newshirt______right.
A.doesn’tfeel B.isn’tfelt C.isn’tfeeling D.doesn’ttouch
happyit_______formetobehomeagainaftertwentyyearsabroad!
A.gives B.feels C.isfelt D.isgiven
_____driversincetwomonthsago.
A.becamea B.hasbecomea C.hasturned D.hasbeena
_____hefeltvery_______overthedeathoftheboy.
A.seemedthat,sad B.seemedasif,sadly C.lookedasthough,sad D.lookedthat,sadness
18._______everyoneheretoday
A.Be B.Are C.Is D.Am
19.HarryisolderthanI.Buthe_______youngerthanI.
A.look B.looks C.looked D.looking
20.It_______likethesingingofthebirds.
A.sounds B.looks C.smells D.tastes
21.Thiskindofcaketastes_______.
A.good B.well C.tobegood D.tobewell
22.Thechildrenalllooked_______atthebrokenmodelplaneandfeltquite_______.
A.sad,sad B.sadly,sadly C.sad,sadly D.sadly,sad
23.Thiskindofpaper_______nice.
A.feel B.felt C.isfeeling D.feels
24.Thismathproblemis_______andIcandoit_______.
A.easy,easily B.easily,easily C.easy,easy D.easily,easy
25.Coffeeisready.Howniceit_______!
Wouldyoulikesome?
A.looks B.smells C.sounds D.feels
26.Inwinterthedays_______colderandcolder.
A.gets B.getting C.got D.get
参考答案:
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