甘肃省兰州市高一英语上学期期末考试试题.docx
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甘肃省兰州市高一英语上学期期末考试试题
兰州一中2016-2017-1学期期末考试试题
高一英语
说明:
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
满分100分,考试时间100分钟。
答案写在答题卡上,交卷时只交答题卡。
一.阅读理解(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共10题:
每小题2分,满分20分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并填写答题卡上。
A
Foodactsasaformofcommunicationintwofundamentalways.Sharingbreadorotherfoodsisacommonhumantraditionthatcanpromoteunityandtrust.Foodcanalsohaveaspecificmeaning,andplayasignificantroleinafamilyorculture'scelebrationsortraditions.Thefoodsweeat—andwhenandhowweeatthem—areoftenuniquetoaparticularcultureormayevendifferbetweenrural(农村的)andurbanareaswithinonecountry.
Sharingbread,whetherduringaspecialoccasion(时刻)oratthefamilydinnertable,isacommonsymboloftogetherness.Manyculturesalsocelebratebirthdaysandmarriageswithcakesthatarecutandsharedamongtheguests.Earlyformsofcakeweresimplyakindofbread,sothistraditionhitsitsrootsinthecustomofsharingbread.
FoodalsoplaysanimportantroleinmanyNewYearcelebrations.InthesouthernUnitedStates,piecesofcornbreadrepresentblocksofgoldforprosperity(兴旺)intheNewYear.InGreece,peopleshareaspecialcakecalledvasilopita.Acoinisputintothecake,whichsignifies(预示)successintheNewYearforthepersonwhoreceivesit.
Manycultureshaveceremoniestocelebratethebirthofachild,andfoodcanplayasignificantrole.InChina,whenababyisonemonthold,familiesnameandwelcometheirchildinacelebrationthatincludesgivingred-coloredeggstoguests.Inmanycultures,roundfoodssuchasgrapes,bread,andmooncakesareeatenatwelcomecelebrationstorepresentfamilyunity.
Nutritionisnecessaryforlife,soitisnotsurprisingthatfoodissuchanimportantpartofdifferentculturesaroundtheworld.
1.Accordingtothepassage,sharingbread______.
A.indicatesthereisnotenoughfoodB.canhelptostrengthenunity
C.isacustomuniquetoruralareasD.hasitsrootsinmarriagescelebrations
2.WhatdoesthecoininvasilopitasignifyforitsreceiverintheNewYear?
A.Money.B.Success.C.Luck.D.Togetherness.
3.Theauthorexplainstheroleoffoodincelebrationsby______.
A.usingexamplesB.makingcomparisons
C.analyzingcausesD.describingprocesses
4.Theauthorwantsto_____________.
A.showtheruleoffoodinceremonies.
B.persuadethereaderstosharebreadwithothers.
C.tellthespecificmeaningoffood.
D.introducetheimportanceoffoodinculturetoreaders.
B
Notsolongago,asailorsailingacrossthecoldwatersofthenorthernPacificOceanmighthavehadeverychanceofbeingfacedwithaseacow.Thiscowwouldhavemeasured10meterslong,andweighedbetweenfiveandtentons.Anditwouldspendmostofitsdaycruising(巡游)theseas,eatinggrassgrowingunderwater.ThecowinquestionwasknownasSteller’sseacow,whichisnowextinct.
Today,manypeopleareunawarethatsuchanextraordinarycreatureonceexisted,ordon’tknowitsincrediblestory.Butscientistshavediscoveredmanyfundamentalfactsaboutthismysticalanimal.
Surprisingly,thefirstrecordedsightingofaSteller’sseacowdidn’thappenuntil1741,whenasailingexp
editionwasstuckonanuninhabitedisland,laternamedBeringIsland.Thesailorssurvivedbyhuntingandeatingthehugeseacow.Likeitsmodernrelatives,theseacowlivedinherds(兽群).Thatanditsslow-movingbehaviormadeiteasytobecaught.
ThosesailorsthatescapedBeringIslandspreadwordofthelargeamountofmeattobefoundoffi
tsshore.Asaresult,moreandmoreexpeditionscametohunttheanimals.Onereportstatedthatoneseacowcouldfeed33menforamonth.
Incredibly,just27yearsaftertheislandandspecieshadbeendiscoveredbymodernman,thelastcowwasreportedkilled.ThatmakestheSteller’sseacowoneofthefewtrulylargemammalsknowntohavebeendrivenextinctinthemodernage.
5.Whichofthefollowingwordis
closetothemeaningoftheunderlinedword“mystical”inthe2ndparagraph?
A.WildB.UnbelievableC.HugeD.Dangerous
6.Whatmadetheseacoweasytobecaught?
A.ThesailorsescapedBeringIslandandtheseacow’sslowbehavior.
B.Moreexpeditionscametohunttheseacow.
C.Beingakindofsocialanimalandtheslowpaceofmoving.
D.Thefactthatoneseacowcould
feed33menforamonth.
7.InwhichyeardidtheSteller’sseacowbecomeextinct?
A.In1741.B.In1768.C.In1785.D.In1876.
C
Whengardening,themostimportantcareyouwillhavetodoistokeepitproperlywatered.Wateringisimportanttokeeptheplantswetandcoolbutthereisanothersideofwateringtoconsider.Itisoverwatering.Whenoverwatered,aplant’srootscanbegintorot(腐烂)undertheground.Thestemandleavescanalsobegintogrowmildew(霉).Bothofthesespelldisasterforherbs.
Differentkindsofherbsneeddifferentwatering.Groupingherbscanallowyoutowaterusingsoakerhoses,whicharehosesthatallowwatertoslowlyseepintothesurroundingareawithoutwastingwater.Youcansettheseuponatimerandyouwillnot
worryaboutwaterfortherestoftheseason.Bygroupingbywateringneed,plantscanbesetonthepropertimingforjusttherightamountofwater.Sometimes,overheadwateringisusedtowaterlargeareasofherbs.Thiswaytakessomespecialconsideration.Itisbesttokeeptheplantleavesdrytoavoiddiseases.Toavoidthis,timethesprinklers(洒水器)towateratfirstlightsotheherbshavetheentiredaytodryout.Checkintimeforsignsofmildewanddonotoverwater.
Anotherwaytowateryourherbsisbyusingawateringglobe.Wateringglobesappeartobedecoratedballsmadeofcoloredglasswithalongspikeattachedtothem.Theyareprettyandfunctionalaswell.Youfillthemfromthebottom,pressthemintothesoilnexttoyourplantandthewaterveryslowlyleaksintothesoilasneeded.
Wateringglobesareperfectforcontainergardensbecausetheykeepindividualplantsperfectlywateredwithoutfail.
8.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?
A.Theherbswillbringdisastertopeople.
B.Therottenrootswillcausedisaster.
C.Themildewedstemandleaveswillcausedisastertotherootsoftheherbs.
D.Therottenrootsandmildewedstemandleavesofaplantmeanthedeathofit.
9.Whatsevereresultdoesoverwateringcause?
A.Theplantleavesturnyellowandfalldown.
B.Theplantleavesbegintogobad.
C.Theplan
tstemgrowsbackwardorbenddown.
D.Theplanttopgrowsdryandshrinksquickly.
10.Whydoestheauthorsuggestgroupingherbstowater?
A.Totakecareoftheherbsmoreeasily.
B.Topreventthemfrombeingdestroyed.
C.Toirrigateherbswithoutwastingwater.
D.Tokeeptheplantleavesdrytoavoiddiseases.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Chinahaslongbeenknownas“thehomeoftea”.11Chinesepeoplethinktea,whichwasfirstusedasaherb,canhelppeople,especiallywomen,improvetheirhealth.
12Theanswerliesintheelementsoftea;forexample,manyvarietiesofteas,especiallygreenandblackteas,containcaffeine,whichcanliftone’sspiritandenergy.Thebitter,whitesubstancecanbefoundintea,coffeebeansandcocoa.Infact,teacontainsmorecaffeinethantheothertwo.
Theanine,anotherelementoftea,13,suchasimprovingtheimmunesystem,protectingagainstradiationandviruses,andhelpingsmoothnerves.
Thereare7categoriesofteas:
Greentea,blacktea,darktea,pu’erteaandsoon.Eachoftheabovecontainssomeamountofcaffeine,theanineandteapolyphenols.Forexample,greentea,whichisrichintheanine,ismoreeffectivethanothertypesofteasinsmoothingthenervesandprotectingagainstradiation.
Blacktea,whichcontainsaconsiderableamountofteapolyphenols,canhelponeimprovehisorherappearance.14therefore,itisagoodtodrinkpu’erteaafteryoueatalargemeal.
Althoughwebenefitalotfromtea,thereisalwayssomethingwecanneverforget:
15Second,youshouldnotdrinkcoldtea,asitcontainssecondaryamine(achemicalelementthatmightcausecancer)Third,whenmakingthetea,usewaterthatisbetween80-90℃.
A.Firstofall,manydrunkenpeoplelikecoldtea;
B.Howcanteaimproveone’shealth?
C.Pu’erteaisexpensiveespeciallyforthewell-reserved.
D.Pu’erteahelpswithdigestion,
E.First,strongteascannotreducetheeffectsofalcohol;
F.Infact,itisthefirstcountrytoplantandharvesttea.
G.hasmanybenefits
二.完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并填写在答题卡上。
DoyouknowthemostpopularformsofexerciseintheUnitedStates?
Walking16thelist.A2006reportfoundthatmorethan79millionAmericanswalktostay17fit.Formanypeople,itisconsideredthe18waytogetexercise.Itdoesnot19ahealthclubmembership.Walkingissafe.20,itissaidtobeasvaluableforone’shealthasmoreintenseformsofexercise.
21commonformofexerciseisjogging,orrunningataslowtomediumspeed.BillBowerman22joggingtotheUnitedStatesinthe1970s.Hestartedthefirstrunning23inAmericaandwroteabookaboutjoggingfor24.
Joggingprovidesgreatphysicalconditioningfortheheartandlungs.And,it25theflowofbloodandoxygeninthebody.
Allofthesethings26helptoimproveheartactivity,lowerbloodpressureandcholesterollevels,and27bonesandmuscleloss.
SwimmingwasthesecondmostpopularsportsactivityintheUnitedStatesin2008.Swimmingissaidtobeoneofthebestwaysto28.Nearlyallofthemajormusclegroupsareputtowork.Intermsofswimming,the29ofmuscleandjointinjuryislessbecauseofthebody’sweightlessnessinwater.Thismakesit