高三英语Unit 4IIWildlife and Garden Roses人教版知识精讲.docx
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高三英语Unit4IIWildlifeandGardenRoses人教版知识精讲
高三英语Unit4(II)—WildlifeandGardenRoses人教版
【本讲教育信息】
一.教学内容:
Unit4(II)—WildlifeandGardenRoses
二.知识总结与归纳:
1.Asarewardforhiscontributiontobotany,JosephBankshadaflowernamedafterhim.
作为对他对植物学所做的贡献的回报,人们以JosephBanks的名字给一种花命名。
name…after…:
以……命名;
Thecityisnamedaftertheheroinhonorofhiscontributiontothiscity.
与name相关的短语:
inthenameof…:
以……的名义;
underone’sname:
用……名字;署名
havesth.toone’sname:
拥有;收归……名下anOlympicathletewithfivegoldmedalstohisname.
bythenameof….:
名叫……的
ayoungactorbythenameofTomRees
2.Sufferingfromheartproblemsformorethanfouryears,Linnaeuspassedawayin1778.
遭受4年多的心脏病折磨,Linnaeus于1778年去世。
Sufferingfrom…:
现在分词做时间状语。
passaway:
去世;Hispassingawayhasarousedcommonconcern.
其他有关pass的短语:
passby:
经过;路过
passdown:
将……传递
passthrough:
通过;经历(一段时间)
passover:
忽略;回避
passfor:
被看作是……
3.DarwinsoonrealizedthatthewildlifeoftheGalapagosIsleswasverycuriousanddeservedspecialattention.
Darwin很快认识到Galapagos群岛上的动植物非常奇特值得特别关注。
deserve:
应得……;值得……;应受到……。
后面接名词;代词;动名词或不定式。
Theseviewsdeserveseriousconsideration.
Hedeservestobelockedforeverforwhathedid.
Theuniversitydeservesrankingwiththebestinthecountry.
Studentsbraveenoughtoattemptthecoursedeservetosucceed.
4.Altogetherthegroupofislandsformedalittleworldwithinitself.
总之,这个群岛在其内部形成了一个小世界。
Altogether在此指:
总之;总而言之。
还有“总共;完全地;彻底地”之意。
Altogether;itwasagoodpaper.
That’sadifferentmatteraltogether.
Youoweme50dollarsaltogether.
notaltogether:
不完全
I’mnotaltogetherhappyaboutthisdecision.
alltogether:
在一起
Ithasbeensolongsincewewerealltogether.
5.Hefound13kindsoffinches,relatedtoeachotherinthestructureoftheirbeaks,tails,shapeofbodyandcoloroftheirfeathers.
他发现了13种雀科鸣禽,在喙的结构,尾巴,体形和羽毛的颜色等方面有联系。
relatedto……在此做定语。
relateto:
与……有关(联系);与人很好地相处;适应……
Hehadconcernedfornothingexceptwhatrelatedtohimself.
Thecostrelatesdirectlytotheamountoftimespentonthejob.
Shedoesn’trelateverywelltohermother-in-law.
relate还有“叙述”的意思
Theyrelatedtheirtroubletohimandaskedhisadvice.
6.Hehadfoundthekeytoexplainingdifferencesbetweenspecies.
他已经找到了物种间差别的关键所在。
key:
钥匙;答案;关键;重要的;基本的
thekeytosth./doing
thekeytothedoor
thekeytosucceeding
akeyquestion
7.Althoughhisexperimentsweredesignedtosupporttheideasconcerningtheinfluenceofenvironmentuponplants,hefoundthatmanycharacteristicswerepassedonfromonegenerationtothenext.
虽然他的实验的目的是为了验证环境对植物的影响,但是他却发现许多特性是代代相传的。
concern:
涉及;关系到;影响到
Thewatershortageconcernsallthepeoplelivinginthisarea.
Thisregulationdoesn’tconcernyou,soyoudon’tworryaboutit.
Concerning在此是介词,表示:
关于……
Herefusedtoanswerquestionsconcerninghisprivatelife.
passonfromonegenerationtothenext:
代代相传
8.Itwouldtakeanextgenerationofscientiststobringtheimportanceoftheenvironmentonspeciesbackinview.
要验证环境对物种的重要性还需要下一代科学家的努力。
take:
花费
bring…backinview:
使……被看见、验证
inview:
可以看到;期望;考虑到;打算
Inviewofthebadweather,weputoffoursportsmeet.
Asweroundedthebend,thelakecameintoview.
Icameinviewofcastle.
view具有“景色”“观点”的意思。
如:
inone’sview:
在……看来
9.Whengrowingonrocks,theplantgrowstoabush,havingbroadleavesandlargeflowers.However,whengrowingonsand,theplantgrowsclosetotheground,havingnarrowleavesandsmallflowers.
当这种植物长在岩石上时,它会长成灌木,有大叶,开大花;然而,当它生长在沙地上时,这种植物会靠近地面,长得低;低矮,花朵小。
When+doing结构做状语。
Whenwaitingforthebus,Iboughtacopyofnewspaper.
10.However,Turesson’sfindingsshowthathabitat,suchassoilconditions,isofequalimportancetotheoutputofcrops.
然而,Turesson的发现说明,生长地,比如土壤的条件,对作物的产量也同等重要。
isofequalimportance=isalsoveryimportant
beof+抽象名词,表示事物或人性质。
beofgreatuse/importance/value等。
beofthesame/differentsize/age/type/weight等。
Thetwoboysareofthesameage.
【典型例题】
一.单项选择:
1.Thetownwasnamed_____amanwhodevotedhimselftoit.
A.fromB.toC.afterD.of
答案:
C
分析:
这座城市以那位为城市作出奉献的人命名的。
name….after….:
以……命名
2.Andrewfeltverytiredafterdoingthejobforayear,buthefoundit_____andcouldn’tmakeuphismindto____.
A.reward;abandonB.rewarding;takeup
C.rewarding;abandonD.reward;giveup
答案:
C
分析:
rewarding:
有益处的;他发现这项工作还是值得做的无法下决心放弃。
3.Sheisterriblyupsetbecauseherfather______lastweek.
A.passedbyB.passedawayC.passeddownD.passedof
答案:
B
分析:
passaway:
去世;passby:
经过;路过;passdown(on):
传递
4.Hedidn’tmind_____TVwhilehewastryingtostudy.
A.themtowatchB.thattheywatchC.theirwatchingD.watching
答案:
C
分析:
minddoingsth.their是动名词的逻辑主语。
5.Thewildgoats’_____onthevastgrasslandswasagoodindicationofthebetterenvironment.
A.escapeB.absenceC.attendanceD.appearance
答案:
D
分析:
野山羊的出现是环境改善的迹象。
appearance:
出现;escape:
逃跑;逃脱;absence:
缺席;attendance:
参加,出席
6.Toeveryone’samazement,thefactorywhichoperatedingreatdifficultyshouldhaveincreasedits_____bytenpercent.
A.productB.make-upC.outputD.object
答案:
C
分析:
使产量增加10%。
output:
产量
二.翻译句子:
1.总的来说,那个演员的表演很精彩。
(altogether)
2.这个问题应当引起我们的注意。
(deserve)
3.我就一项业务安排问题写信给经理,提出了我个人的建议。
(concerning)
4.他非常详尽地描述了那场事故。
(indetail)
5.我根据室友的脚步声就能辨认出他们。
(distinguish)
6.这种新的治疗方法正在被大规模地采用。
(onalargescale)
答案:
1.Altogether,theactorgaveawonderfulperformance.
2.Thismatterdeservesourattention.
3.Iwrotetothemanageconcerningabusinessarrangement,givingmyownadvice.
4.Hedescribedtheaccidentindetail.
5.Icandistinguishmyroommatesbytheirfootsteps.
6.Thisnewtreatmentisbeingusedonalargescale.
【模拟试题】
一.单项选择:
1.A____willbeofferedforinformationleadingtothearrestofthebankrobber.
A.priceB.fundC.rewardD.profit
2.—Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?
—Thekey_____theproblemistomeetthedemand____bythecustomers.
A.tosolving;makingB.tosolving;made
C.tosolve;makingD.tosolve;made
3.Itwasaftertheinventionofprinting____topublishlargenumbersofbooksandpictures.
A.werepeopleableB.thatpeoplewereable
C.whenwerepeopleableD.peoplewereable
4.Hegainedhis____byprinting_____offamouswriters.
A.wealth;workB.wealths;worksC.wealths;workD.wealth;works
5.Thisoldstonebridge,built_____thevillagers’expense,wasnamed_____ayoungman,whowaskilledinrescuingadrowningboy.
A.for;afterB.with;forC.at;afterD.with;after
6.Hergrandpa_____,littleAnnefoundlifecolorlessforshehadlivedwithhimforovertenyears.
A.passedawayB.passesawayC.passingawayD.topassaway
7.Ihadtoreporttheaccident_____lengthasthereporteraskedmetodescribeit____detail.
A.in;inB.at;inC.at;atD.in;at
8.Thereisacommonbeliefthateatingsweetsbeforemealsisconsideredtohavethechancetospoilthe_____.
A.appetiteB.desireC.stomachD.atmosphere
9.Theweatherwaswarm,thefoodwasinvitingandtheviewwaspretty—_____,wehadapleasantholiday.
A.exactlyB.togetherC.finallyD.altogether
10.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%____aresoldabroad.
A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat
二.完型填空:
AladyandherhusbandsteppedoffthetraininBoston.Theywalkedwithoutanappointment(预约)intotheouter1ofHarvard’spresident.Buttheywere2byhissecretaryandkeptwaiting.Forhours,thesecretarytooknonoticeofthem,3thatthecouplewouldfinallybecome4andgoaway.Buttheydidn’t.Thesecretaryfinallydecidedtodisturbthepresident,though5.
Afewminuteslater,thepresidentwalkedtowardsthecouplewitha6face.Theladytoldhim,“Wehadasonthat7Harvardforoneyear.HelovedHarvard.Hewas8here.Butaboutayearago,hewasaccidentallykilled.MyhusbandandIwouldliketo9amemorial(纪念物)tohim,somewhereoncampus.”
Thepresidentwasn’t10.Instead,hewasshocked.“Madam,”hesaid,“wecan’tputupastatueforeverypersonwhostudiedatHarvardanddied.Ifwedid,this11wouldlooklikeacemetery(基地).”“Oh,no,thelady12quickly,wedon’twanttoputupastatue.Wewouldliketogivea13toHarvard.”Thepresidentrolledhiseyesand14atthecoupleandthenexclaimed,“Abuilding!
Doyouhaveany15howmuchabuildingcosts?
Wehavespentover$7,500,000onthecampusbuildingatHarvard.”Foramomenttheladywassilent.Thepresidentwas16,becausehecouldgetridofthemnow.Thentheladyturnedtoherhusbandandsaidquietly,“Isthatallitcoststostarta17?
Whydon’twejuststartourown?
”Herhusbandnodded.18theirofferwasturneddown,Mr.andMrs.StanfordtraveledtoCaliforniawheretheyfoundedtheUniversitythatbearstheir19,amemorialtoasonthatHarvardnolonger20about.
1.A.labB.libraryC.hallD.office
2.A.watchedB.stoppedC.followedD.interviewed
3.A.hopingB.findingC.realizingD.imagining
4.A.surprisedB.disappointedC.worriedD.troubled
5.A.hopelesslyB.carefullyC.unexpectedlyD.unwillingly
6.A.pleasantB.funnyC.coldD.sad
7.A.attendedB.visitedC.studiedD.served
8.A.cleverB.braveC.proudD.happy
9.A.setaboutB.setupC.takedownD.takeover
10.A.satisfiedB.excitedC.movedD.ashamed
11.A.houseB.partC.gardenD.place
12.A.explainedB.expressedC.refusedD.admitted
13.A.buildingB.yardC.playgroundD.square
14.A.laughedB.shoutedC.glancedD.called
15.suggestionB.ideaC.thoughtD.opinion
16.boredB.astonished