英语四级阅读理解练习及答案16年.docx

英语四级阅读理解练习及答案16年.docx

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英语四级阅读理解练习及答案16年

1）takearaincheck改期

　　2）lostcount弄不清楚

　　3）beinanotherworld精神恍惚;魂不守舍

　　4）makeyourselfathome随意，随便

　　5）saveyourbreath省口气吧;别白费口舌了

　　6）makesense有意义，理解

　　7）costsb.anarmandaleg非常昂贵

　　8）burnaholeinone'spocket很快地被花光

　　9）fillone'sshoes很好地顶替;令人满意地替代

　　10）isicecold表示理所当然

　　11）likeapplesandoranges用来表示无法相比的事物

　　12）loseone'strainof忘记

　　13）meeteachotherhalfway相互妥协，让步

　　14）onthedot准时;正点

　　15）onceandforall最后一次;干脆

　　16）outofearshot不在听力所及围

　　17）outofthisworld非常好

　　18）playbyear随机应变，视情形而定

　　19）ringabell令人想起某件事;听起来耳熟

1．。

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Ifthepopulationoftheearthgoesonincreasingatitspresentrate,therewilleventuallynotbeenoughresourceslefttosustainlifeontheplanet.Bythemiddleofthe21stcentury,ifpresenttrendscontinue,wewillhaveusedupalltheoilthatdrivesourcars,forexample.Evenifscientistsdevelopnewwaysoffeedingthehumanrace,thecrowdedconditionsonearthwillmakeitnecessaryforlustolookforopenspacesomewhereelse.Butnoneoftheotherplanetsinoursolarsystemarecapableofsupportinglifeatpresent.Onepossiblesolutiontotheproblem,however,hasrecentlybeensuggestedbyAmericanscientist,ProfessorCarlSagan.

　　Saganbelievesthatbeforetheearth'sresourcesarecompleetelyexhausteditwillbepossibletochangetheatmophereofVenusandsocreateanewworldalmostaslargeasearthitself.ThedifficultisthatVenusismuchhotterthantheearthandthereisonlyatinyamountofwaterthere.

　　Saganproposesthatalgaeorganismsthatcanliveinextremelyhotorcoldatmospheresandatthesametimeproduceoxygen,shouldbebredinconditionsimilartothoseonVenus.Assoonasthishasbeendone,thealgaewillbeplacedinsmallrockets.SpaceshipwillthenflytoVenusandfiretherocketsintotheatmosphere.Inafairlyshorttime,thealgewillbreakdownthecarbondioxideintooxygenandcarbon.

　　Whenthealgaehavedonetheriwork,theatmospherewillbecomecooler,butbeformancansetfootonVenusitwillbeneccessaryfortheoxygentoproducerain.ThesurfaceoftheplanetwillstillbetoohotformantolandonitbuttherainwilleventuallyfallandinafewyearssomethinglikeearthwillbereproducedonVenus.

　　1.Intelongrun,themostinsolubleproblemcausedbypopulationgrowthonearthwillprobablybethelackof______.

　　a.food

　　b.oil

　　c.space

　　d.resources

　　2.CarlSaganbelievesthatVenusmightbecolonizedfromearthbecause_____

　　a.itmightbepossibletochangeitsatmosphere

　　b.itsatmosphereisthesameastheearth's

　　c.thereisagoodsupplyofwateronVenus

　　d.thedaysonVenusarelongenough

　　3.OnVenusthereisalotof________.

　　a.water

　　b.carbondioxide

　　c.carbonmonoxide

　　d.oxygen

　　4.Algaeareplantsthatcan____.

　　a.liveinveryhottemperatures

　　b.liveinverycoldtemperatures

　　c.manufactureoxygen

　　d.alloftheabove

　　5.MancanlandonVenusonlywhen_______.

　　a.thealgaehavedonetheirwork

　　b.theatmospherebecomescooler

　　c.thereisoxygen

　　d.itrainsthere

　　答案：

cabdd

2.。

。

PeoplelivingonpartsofthesouthcoastofEnglandfaceaseriousproblem.In1993,theownersofalargehotelandofseveralhousesdiscovered,totheirhorror,thattheirgardenshaddisappearedovernight.Theseahadeatenintothesoftlimestonecliffsonwhichtheyhadbeenbuilt.Whileexpertswerestudyingtheproblem,thehotelandseveralhousesdisappearedaltogether,slidingdownthecliffandintothesea.

　　Erosion（侵蚀）ofthewhitecliffsalongthesouthcoastofEnglandhasalwaysbeenaproblembutithasbecomemoreseriousinrecentyears.Dozensofhomeshavehadtobeabandonedastheseahascreptfartherandfartherinland.Expertshavestudiedtheareasmostaffectedandhavedrawnupamapforlocalpeople,forecastingtheyearinwhichtheirhomeswillbeswallowedupbythehungrysea.

　　AngryownershavecalledontheGovernmenttoerectseadefensestoprotecttheirhomes.Governmentsurveyorshavepointedoutthatinmostcases,thisisimpossible.Newseawallswouldcosthundredsofmillionsofpoundsandwouldmerelymakethewavesandcurrentsgofurtheralongthecoast,shiftingtheproblemfromoneareatoanother.Thedangerislikelytocontinue,theysay,untilthewavesreachaninlandareaofhardrockwhichwillnotbeeatenaslimestoneis.Meanwhile,ifyouwanttobuyacheaphousewithanuncertainfuture,applytoahouseagentinoneofthethreatenedareasonthesouthcoastofEngland.Youcangetahouseforaknockdownpricebutitmayturnouttobeaknockdownhome.

　　1.WhatisthecauseoftheproblemthatpeoplelivingonpartsofthesouthcoastofEnglandface?

　　A）Thedisappearanceofhotels,housesandgardens.

　　B）Theexperts’lackofknowledge.

　　C）Therisingofthesealevel.

　　D）Thewashing-awayoflimestonecliffs.

　　2.TheerosionofthewhitecliffsinthesouthofEngland________.

　　A）willsoonbecomeaproblemforpeoplelivingincentralEngland

　　B）hasnowbecomeathreattothelocalresidents

　　C）isquicklychangingthemapofEngland

　　D）canbestoppedifpropermeasuresaretaken

　　3.Theexperts’studyontheproblemoferosioncan________.

　　A）leadtoitseventualsolution

　　B）provideaneffectivewaytoslowitdown

　　C）helptopreventitfromworsening

　　D）warnpeoplewhosehomesareindanger

　　4.Itisnotfeasibletobuildseadefensestoprotectagainsterosionbecause________.

　　A）itistoocostlyandwillendangerneighbouringareas

　　B）thegovernmentistooslowintakingaction

　　C）theywillbeeasilyknockeddownbywavesandcurrents

　　D）houseagentsalongthecoastdonotsupporttheidea

　　5.Accordingtotheauthor,whenbuyingahousealongthesouthcoastofEngland,peopleshould________.

　　A）beawareofthepotentialdangerinvolved

　　B）guardagainstbeingcheatedbythehouseagent

　　C）takethequalityofthehouseintoconsideration

　　D）examinethehousecarefullybeforemakingadecision

　　参考答案

　　1.C2.B3.A4.B5.D

3.。

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Statusesaremarveloushumaninventionsthatenableustogetalongwithoneanotherandtodeterminewherewe"fit"insociety.Aswegoaboutoureverydaylives,wementallyattempttoplacepeopleintermsoftheirstatuses.Forexample,wemustjudgewhetherthepersoninthelibraryisareaderoralibrarian,whetherthetelephonecallerisafriendorasalesman,whethertheunfamiliarpersononourpropertyisathierorameterreader,andsoon.

　　Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounter,andchangethroughoutlife.Mostofuscan,atveryhighspeed,assumethestatusesthatvarioussituationsrequire.Muchofsocialinteractionconsistsofidentifyingandselectingamongappropriatestatusesandallowingotherpeopletoassumetheirstatusesinrelationtous.Thismeansthatwefitouractionstothoseofotherpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation.Althoughsomeofusfindthetaskmoredifficultthanothers,mostofusperformitrathereffortlessly.

　　Astatushasbeencomparedtoready-madeclothes.Withincertainlimits,thebuyercanchoosestyleandfabric.ButanAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostume（服装）ofaChinesepeasantorthatofaHinduprince.Wemustchoosefromamongtheclothingpresentedbyoursociety.Furthermore,ourchoiceislimitedtoasizethatwillfit,aswellasbyourpocketbook（钱包）.Havingmadeachoicewithintheselimitswecanhavecertainalterationsmade,butapartfromminoradjustments,wetendtobelimitedtowhatthestoreshaveontheirracks.Statusestoocomereadymade,andtherangeofchoiceamongthemislimited.

　　这是一篇说明文，讲的是人们的Status（身份、地位）这一问题。

　　51.Inthefirstparagraph,thewritertellsusthatstatusescanhelpus_______.

　　A）determinewhetherapersonisfitforacertainjob

　　B）behaveappropriatelyinrelationtootherpeople

　　C）protectourselvesinunfamiliarsituations

　　D）makefriendswithotherpeople

　　[答案及分析]：

[B]事实辨认题。

问在第一段作者告诉我们人的身份对我们有下列哪种帮助。

第一段第一句说得很明白：

“身份有助于我们和别人相处，决定我们在社会中所处的地位、扮演的角色”，[B]项意为“正确地与人交往”，正是上述意思。

　　52.Accordingtothewriter,peopleoftenassumedifferentstatuses______.

　　A）inordertoidentifythemselveswithothers

　　B）inordertobetteridentifyothers

　　C）astheirmentalprocesseschange

　　D）asthesituationchanges

　　[答案及分析]：

[D]事实辨认题。

问作者认为，在什么情况下人们经常具有不同的身份。

[A]项意为“为了将自己预其他人区别开”，[B]项为“为了更好地识别他人”，[C]项为“当心理发生变化时”，[D]项意为“随着环境的变化”。

[A]、[B]、[C]三项都不合文章原意，并且根据第二段第一、二句话可知[D]项正确。

　　53.Theword"appraisal"（Line5,Para.2）mostprobablymeans"_______".

　　A）involvementB）appreciationC）assessmentD）presentation

　　[答案及分析]：

[C]词义理解题。

问第二段第六行中的appraisal一词的意思是什么。

根据该词所在的句子，可知该词含义和mentalprocess（思想过程）有关，并且可能与和其并列的词interpretation（解释，说明，理解）有一定相似之处。

involvement意为“陷入，卷入;牵涉，包含”，assessment意为“估计，评估;所估计之数额”，appreciation表示“感，感激;欣赏，评价，赏识”，presentation意为“赠送;提出;引见，介绍;出席，呈现;演出”。

比较起来，[B]项符合上述两点，而且意思上说得通。

appraisal的准确意思是“估计，估价，评价”，在此句中“评价”讲。

　　54.Inthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraph,thepronoun"it"refersto"______".

　　A）fittingouractionstothoseofotherpeopleappropriately

　　B）identificationofotherpeople'sstatuses

　　C）selectingone'sownstatusesD）constantmentalprocess

[答案及分析]：

[A]事实辨认题。

问第二段最后一句中“it”指代什么。

根据句意及其结构可知：

it指代thetask，即前一句“wefitoutactionstothoseofpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation”，不难看出[A]项正确。

4.。

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Oneofthequalitiesthatmostpeopleadmireinothersisthewillingnesstoadmitone'smistakes.Itisextremelyhardsometimestosayasimplethinglike"Iwaswrongaboutthat,"anditisevenhardertosay,"Iwaswrong,andyouwererightaboutthat."

　　Ihadanexperiencerecentlywithsomeoneadmittingtomethathehadmadeamistakefifteeny