英语四级阅读理解练习及答案16年.docx

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英语四级阅读理解练习及答案16年.docx

英语四级阅读理解练习及答案16年

1)takearaincheck改期

  2)lostcount弄不清楚

  3)beinanotherworld精神恍惚;魂不守舍

  4)makeyourselfathome随意,随便

  5)saveyourbreath省口气吧;别白费口舌了

  6)makesense有意义,理解

  7)costsb.anarmandaleg非常昂贵

  8)burnaholeinone'spocket很快地被花光

  9)fillone'sshoes很好地顶替;令人满意地替代

  10)isicecold表示理所当然

  11)likeapplesandoranges用来表示无法相比的事物

  12)loseone'strainof忘记

  13)meeteachotherhalfway相互妥协,让步

  14)onthedot准时;正点

  15)onceandforall最后一次;干脆

  16)outofearshot不在听力所及围

  17)outofthisworld非常好

  18)playbyear随机应变,视情形而定

  19)ringabell令人想起某件事;听起来耳熟

1.。

Ifthepopulationoftheearthgoesonincreasingatitspresentrate,therewilleventuallynotbeenoughresourceslefttosustainlifeontheplanet.Bythemiddleofthe21stcentury,ifpresenttrendscontinue,wewillhaveusedupalltheoilthatdrivesourcars,forexample.Evenifscientistsdevelopnewwaysoffeedingthehumanrace,thecrowdedconditionsonearthwillmakeitnecessaryforlustolookforopenspacesomewhereelse.Butnoneoftheotherplanetsinoursolarsystemarecapableofsupportinglifeatpresent.Onepossiblesolutiontotheproblem,however,hasrecentlybeensuggestedbyAmericanscientist,ProfessorCarlSagan.

  Saganbelievesthatbeforetheearth'sresourcesarecompleetelyexhausteditwillbepossibletochangetheatmophereofVenusandsocreateanewworldalmostaslargeasearthitself.ThedifficultisthatVenusismuchhotterthantheearthandthereisonlyatinyamountofwaterthere.

  Saganproposesthatalgaeorganismsthatcanliveinextremelyhotorcoldatmospheresandatthesametimeproduceoxygen,shouldbebredinconditionsimilartothoseonVenus.Assoonasthishasbeendone,thealgaewillbeplacedinsmallrockets.SpaceshipwillthenflytoVenusandfiretherocketsintotheatmosphere.Inafairlyshorttime,thealgewillbreakdownthecarbondioxideintooxygenandcarbon.

  Whenthealgaehavedonetheriwork,theatmospherewillbecomecooler,butbeformancansetfootonVenusitwillbeneccessaryfortheoxygentoproducerain.ThesurfaceoftheplanetwillstillbetoohotformantolandonitbuttherainwilleventuallyfallandinafewyearssomethinglikeearthwillbereproducedonVenus.

  1.Intelongrun,themostinsolubleproblemcausedbypopulationgrowthonearthwillprobablybethelackof______.

  a.food

  b.oil

  c.space

  d.resources

  2.CarlSaganbelievesthatVenusmightbecolonizedfromearthbecause_____

  a.itmightbepossibletochangeitsatmosphere

  b.itsatmosphereisthesameastheearth's

  c.thereisagoodsupplyofwateronVenus

  d.thedaysonVenusarelongenough

  3.OnVenusthereisalotof________.

  a.water

  b.carbondioxide

  c.carbonmonoxide

  d.oxygen

  4.Algaeareplantsthatcan____.

  a.liveinveryhottemperatures

  b.liveinverycoldtemperatures

  c.manufactureoxygen

  d.alloftheabove

  5.MancanlandonVenusonlywhen_______.

  a.thealgaehavedonetheirwork

  b.theatmospherebecomescooler

  c.thereisoxygen

  d.itrainsthere

  答案:

cabdd

2.。

PeoplelivingonpartsofthesouthcoastofEnglandfaceaseriousproblem.In1993,theownersofalargehotelandofseveralhousesdiscovered,totheirhorror,thattheirgardenshaddisappearedovernight.Theseahadeatenintothesoftlimestonecliffsonwhichtheyhadbeenbuilt.Whileexpertswerestudyingtheproblem,thehotelandseveralhousesdisappearedaltogether,slidingdownthecliffandintothesea.

  Erosion(侵蚀)ofthewhitecliffsalongthesouthcoastofEnglandhasalwaysbeenaproblembutithasbecomemoreseriousinrecentyears.Dozensofhomeshavehadtobeabandonedastheseahascreptfartherandfartherinland.Expertshavestudiedtheareasmostaffectedandhavedrawnupamapforlocalpeople,forecastingtheyearinwhichtheirhomeswillbeswallowedupbythehungrysea.

  AngryownershavecalledontheGovernmenttoerectseadefensestoprotecttheirhomes.Governmentsurveyorshavepointedoutthatinmostcases,thisisimpossible.Newseawallswouldcosthundredsofmillionsofpoundsandwouldmerelymakethewavesandcurrentsgofurtheralongthecoast,shiftingtheproblemfromoneareatoanother.Thedangerislikelytocontinue,theysay,untilthewavesreachaninlandareaofhardrockwhichwillnotbeeatenaslimestoneis.Meanwhile,ifyouwanttobuyacheaphousewithanuncertainfuture,applytoahouseagentinoneofthethreatenedareasonthesouthcoastofEngland.Youcangetahouseforaknockdownpricebutitmayturnouttobeaknockdownhome.

  1.WhatisthecauseoftheproblemthatpeoplelivingonpartsofthesouthcoastofEnglandface?

  A)Thedisappearanceofhotels,housesandgardens.

  B)Theexperts’lackofknowledge.

  C)Therisingofthesealevel.

  D)Thewashing-awayoflimestonecliffs.

  2.TheerosionofthewhitecliffsinthesouthofEngland________.

  A)willsoonbecomeaproblemforpeoplelivingincentralEngland

  B)hasnowbecomeathreattothelocalresidents

  C)isquicklychangingthemapofEngland

  D)canbestoppedifpropermeasuresaretaken

  3.Theexperts’studyontheproblemoferosioncan________.

  A)leadtoitseventualsolution

  B)provideaneffectivewaytoslowitdown

  C)helptopreventitfromworsening

  D)warnpeoplewhosehomesareindanger

  4.Itisnotfeasibletobuildseadefensestoprotectagainsterosionbecause________.

  A)itistoocostlyandwillendangerneighbouringareas

  B)thegovernmentistooslowintakingaction

  C)theywillbeeasilyknockeddownbywavesandcurrents

  D)houseagentsalongthecoastdonotsupporttheidea

  5.Accordingtotheauthor,whenbuyingahousealongthesouthcoastofEngland,peopleshould________.

  A)beawareofthepotentialdangerinvolved

  B)guardagainstbeingcheatedbythehouseagent

  C)takethequalityofthehouseintoconsideration

  D)examinethehousecarefullybeforemakingadecision

  参考答案

  1.C2.B3.A4.B5.D

3.。

Statusesaremarveloushumaninventionsthatenableustogetalongwithoneanotherandtodeterminewherewe"fit"insociety.Aswegoaboutoureverydaylives,wementallyattempttoplacepeopleintermsoftheirstatuses.Forexample,wemustjudgewhetherthepersoninthelibraryisareaderoralibrarian,whetherthetelephonecallerisafriendorasalesman,whethertheunfamiliarpersononourpropertyisathierorameterreader,andsoon.

  Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounter,andchangethroughoutlife.Mostofuscan,atveryhighspeed,assumethestatusesthatvarioussituationsrequire.Muchofsocialinteractionconsistsofidentifyingandselectingamongappropriatestatusesandallowingotherpeopletoassumetheirstatusesinrelationtous.Thismeansthatwefitouractionstothoseofotherpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation.Althoughsomeofusfindthetaskmoredifficultthanothers,mostofusperformitrathereffortlessly.

  Astatushasbeencomparedtoready-madeclothes.Withincertainlimits,thebuyercanchoosestyleandfabric.ButanAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostume(服装)ofaChinesepeasantorthatofaHinduprince.Wemustchoosefromamongtheclothingpresentedbyoursociety.Furthermore,ourchoiceislimitedtoasizethatwillfit,aswellasbyourpocketbook(钱包).Havingmadeachoicewithintheselimitswecanhavecertainalterationsmade,butapartfromminoradjustments,wetendtobelimitedtowhatthestoreshaveontheirracks.Statusestoocomereadymade,andtherangeofchoiceamongthemislimited.

  这是一篇说明文,讲的是人们的Status(身份、地位)这一问题。

  51.Inthefirstparagraph,thewritertellsusthatstatusescanhelpus_______.

  A)determinewhetherapersonisfitforacertainjob

  B)behaveappropriatelyinrelationtootherpeople

  C)protectourselvesinunfamiliarsituations

  D)makefriendswithotherpeople

  [答案及分析]:

[B]事实辨认题。

问在第一段作者告诉我们人的身份对我们有下列哪种帮助。

第一段第一句说得很明白:

“身份有助于我们和别人相处,决定我们在社会中所处的地位、扮演的角色”,[B]项意为“正确地与人交往”,正是上述意思。

  52.Accordingtothewriter,peopleoftenassumedifferentstatuses______.

  A)inordertoidentifythemselveswithothers

  B)inordertobetteridentifyothers

  C)astheirmentalprocesseschange

  D)asthesituationchanges

  [答案及分析]:

[D]事实辨认题。

问作者认为,在什么情况下人们经常具有不同的身份。

[A]项意为“为了将自己预其他人区别开”,[B]项为“为了更好地识别他人”,[C]项为“当心理发生变化时”,[D]项意为“随着环境的变化”。

[A]、[B]、[C]三项都不合文章原意,并且根据第二段第一、二句话可知[D]项正确。

  53.Theword"appraisal"(Line5,Para.2)mostprobablymeans"_______".

  A)involvementB)appreciationC)assessmentD)presentation

  [答案及分析]:

[C]词义理解题。

问第二段第六行中的appraisal一词的意思是什么。

根据该词所在的句子,可知该词含义和mentalprocess(思想过程)有关,并且可能与和其并列的词interpretation(解释,说明,理解)有一定相似之处。

involvement意为“陷入,卷入;牵涉,包含”,assessment意为“估计,评估;所估计之数额”,appreciation表示“感,感激;欣赏,评价,赏识”,presentation意为“赠送;提出;引见,介绍;出席,呈现;演出”。

比较起来,[B]项符合上述两点,而且意思上说得通。

appraisal的准确意思是“估计,估价,评价”,在此句中“评价”讲。

  54.Inthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraph,thepronoun"it"refersto"______".

  A)fittingouractionstothoseofotherpeopleappropriately

  B)identificationofotherpeople'sstatuses

  C)selectingone'sownstatusesD)constantmentalprocess

[答案及分析]:

[A]事实辨认题。

问第二段最后一句中“it”指代什么。

根据句意及其结构可知:

it指代thetask,即前一句“wefitoutactionstothoseofpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation”,不难看出[A]项正确。

4.。

Oneofthequalitiesthatmostpeopleadmireinothersisthewillingnesstoadmitone'smistakes.Itisextremelyhardsometimestosayasimplethinglike"Iwaswrongaboutthat,"anditisevenhardertosay,"Iwaswrong,andyouwererightaboutthat."

  Ihadanexperiencerecentlywithsomeoneadmittingtomethathehadmadeamistakefifteeny

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