GE磁共振简称.docx

GE磁共振简称.docx

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GE磁共振简称

Glossary

ACGD

AdvancedConceptGradientDriver

AGP

ApplicationsGatewayProcessor[Board]

AP

ArrayProcessorBoard

APM

AnalogPowerMonitor[Board]

APS

Autoprescan:

Auto-adjustmentofdataacquisition（scan）parameters

APS

AcquisitionProcessingSystem[Board]

AVS

Autovoxelshim

AWS

AutomaticWaterSuppression

BRM

BodyResonanceModule

BRM

BodyResonanceModule

CAN

ControlAreaNetwork[Board]

CCC

CANCoreCommunication[Board]

CRM

CardiacResonanceModule

CRT

CathodeRayTube

CRYOGEN

Asubstanceforproducinglowtemperatures.Liquidheliumisthecryogenusedtocoolthemagnettoapproximately4Kelvin（269Cor452F）.

CRYOSTAT

Anapparatusmaintainingaverylowconstanttemperature.Thecryostatconsistsofoneconcentric,cylindricalcontainerhousedinanoutervacuumtightvessel.Themagnetandshimcoilsaremountedintheinnercontainer.Thecontainerisfilledwithliquidhelium.Theshieldssurroundingtheinnercontainerarekeptcoldbyarefrigerationdevice.

CV

Controlvariable

DCB

DriverControlBoard

DEWAR

Acontainerwithanevacuatedspacebetweentwohighlyreflectivewallsusedtokeeplowtemperaturesubstancesatnearconstanttemperatures.Liquidheliumisusuallystoredandshippedindewars

DM

DriverModule

DRF1

DigitalReceiveFilter1[Board]

DSP

DigitalSignalProcessing

EXCLUSIONZONE

Areawherethemagneticfluxdensityisgreaterthanfivegauss.Personnelwithcardiacpacemakers,neurostimulatorsandotherbiostimulationdevicesmustNOTenterthiszone.Signsarepostedoutsidethefivegausslinealertingpersonnelofthisrequirement.Sincethemagneticfieldisthreedimensional,signsarealsopostedonfloorsaboveandbelowtheMagnetRoominwhichthefivegausslineexists.

FERROUSMATERIAL

Anysubstancecontainingironwhichisstronglyattractedbyamagneticfield.

FO

FiberOptic

FOV

FieldofView

FPIO

FrontPanelInput/Output[Board]

FWHM

FullWidthHalfMax

GAUSS（G）

Aunitofmagneticfluxdensity.Theearthsmagneticfieldstrengthisapproximatelyonehalfgausstoonegaussdependingonlocation.Theinternationallyacceptedunitisthetesla（1Tesla=10,000Gand1milliTesla=10G）.

GP

GradientProcessor[Board]

GRADIENT

Theamountanddirectionoftherateofchangeinspaceofthemagneticfieldstrength.Inthemagneticresonancesystem,gradientamplifiersandcoilsareusedtovarythemagneticfieldstrengthinthex,y,andzplanes.

GRx

GraphicPrescription

HFA 

HighFidelityGradientAmplifier

HFD

HighFidelityGradientDriver

HOMOGENEITY

Uniformity.Thehomogeneityofthestaticmagneticfieldisanimportantqualityofthemagnet.

ICN

ImageComputeNode. Acomponentwithaninternaloperatingsystem（similartoaPC）usedforImagereconstructionintheVRE. Containsharddrivesandanoperatingsystem

ICW

InstallationCalibrationWizard. Thiswizardisavailableintwodifferentmodes:

InstallandUpgrades. ItcanbefoundintheproprietaryCommonServiceDesktopunderthe"Calibration"tab. Maintenancemodeisavailableafterallcalibrationsandtasksintheinstallmodearecomplete.

IFCC

Imageandcleanup

INFINIBAND

High-speedcommunication,analogoustoEthernetbutmuchhigherspeedandcapacity. Usedfortransportinglargeamountsofdataforwithinthevolumereconstructionsubsystem

IRF

InterfaceandRemoteFunctions[Board]

IRFI/O

InterfaceandRemoteFunctionsInput/Output[Board]

ISOCENTER

Centeroftheimagingvolumeideallylocatedatthemagnetcenter.

ISOGAUSSLINE

Animaginarylineoralineonafieldplotconnectingidenticalmagneticfieldstrengthpoints.

ITHost

ImageTransferHost[Board]

IT-MGD

ImageTransfer-MGD[Board]

LCD

LiquidCrystalDisplay

LED

LightEmittingDiode

LO

LocalOscillator

LPCA

LowProAssembly

MAGNETICFIELD（H）

Thespacearoundamagnet（orcurrentcarryingconductor）whichcanproduceamagnetizingforceonabodywithinit

MAGNETICRESONANCE（MR）

Theabsorptionoremissionofelectromagneticenergybynucleiinastaticmagneticfield,afterexcitationbyasuitableradiofrequencyfield.

MAGNETICSHIELDING

Usingmaterial（e.g.steel）toredistributeamagneticfield,usuallytoreducefringefields.

MC

MultiCoil

MCD

MultiCoilDriver[Board]

MCQA

MultiCoilQualityAssurance. ThisisatoolthatwillcheckthecoilSNRandbeabletotrenditforeachcoilovertime.

MGD

Multi-GenerationalDataacquisition[Chassis]

MPS

Manualprescan:

Manualadjustmentofdataacquisition（scan）parameters

MRS

MagneticResonanceSpectroscopy

MUX

Multiplexor[Board]

NEX

Numberofexcitations

OM

OxygenMonitor

OW

OperatorWorkspace

PAC

PhysiologicalAcquisitionController

PCI

PeripheralComponentInterconnect

PDU

PowerDistributionUnit

PMC

PCIMezzanineConnecter

PP

PenetrationPanel

PRESS

Point-resolvedspectroscopy,basisforprobe-pPSD

PROBE/Q

AutomatedanalysisanddisplayofPROBE/SVdata

PROBE/SV

PROtonBrainExamSingleVoxelspectroscopyusingautomatedSTEAMorPRESSpulsesequence

PS

PowerSupply

PSD

Pulsesequencedatabase

PT

PatientTransportorPatientTable

QUENCH

Conditionwhenasuperconductingmagnetbecomesresistivethusrapidlyboilingoffliquidhelium.Themagneticfieldreducesrapidlyafteraquench.

RADIOFREQUENCY（RF）

Frequencyintermediatebetweenaudiofrequencyandinfraredfrequencies.Usedinmagneticresonancesystemstoexcitenucleitoresonance.Typicalfrequencyrangeformagneticresonancesystemsis580Mhz.

RADIOFREQUENCYSHIELDING

Usingmaterial（e.g.copper,aluminium,orsteel）toreduceinterferencefromexternalradiofrequencies.Aradiofrequencyshieldedroomusuallyenclosestheentiremagnetroom.

RECON

ProcessthatcreatesanimageorspectrumfromdataacquiredwithaSignaMRIscanner.

RESONANCE

Alargeamplitudevibrationcausedbyarelativesmallperiodicstimulusofthesameornearlythesameperiodasthenaturalvibrationperiodofthesystem.Inmagneticresonanceimaging,theradiofrequencypulsesaretheperiodicstimuliwhichareatthesamevibrationperiodasthehydrogennucleibeingimaged.

RF

RadioFrequency

RF-DIF

RF-DigitalInterface[Board]

RFI

RFInterface[Module]

ROI

RegionofInterest

RPC

RemoteControlPanel（TwinSpeedonly）

RRF

RemoteRF[Chassis]

RSP

Real-timesequencecontrolparameters

S/C

SuperConducting

SAT

Saturation,asignalsuppressiontechnique

SCP

ScanControlProcessor[Board]

SCSI

SmallComputerSystemInterface

SGA

SwitchableGradientAmplifier[Module]

SHIELDCOOLERCOLDHEAD

Anexternalrefrigerationdevicewhichmaintainstheshieldsinsidethecryostatataconstanttemperature.

SHIMCOILS

Shimcoilsareusedtoprovideauxiliarymagneticfieldsinordertocompensateforinhomogeneitiesinthemainmagneticfieldduetoimperfectionsinthemanufacturingofthemagnetoraffectsofsteelinthesurroundingenvironment.

SHIMMING

Correctionofinhomogeneityofthemainmagneticfieldduetoimperfectionsinthemagnetortothepresenceofexternalferromagneticobjects.

SMC

SystemMonitorandControl

SPU

SignalProcessingUnit

SRF

ScalableRF[Cabinet]（thisissameasSRFD）

SRF/TRF

SequencerRelatedFunction/TriggerandRotationFunction[Board]

SRFD

ScalableRFDriver[Cabinet]

SRFD2

ScalableRFDriver2[Cabinet]

SRI

ScanRoomInterface[Module]

SSM

SystemSupportModule

STEAM

Stimulatedechoacquisitionmode,basisforPROBE-sPSD

STIF

SRF/TRFInterface[Board]

SUPERCONDUCTINGMAGNET

Amagnetwhosemagneticfieldoriginatesfromcurrentflowingthroughasuperconductor.Suchamagnetisenclosedinacryostat.

SUPERCONDUCTOR

AsubstancewhoseelectricalresistanceessentiallydisappearsattemperaturesnearzeroKelvin.Acommonlyusedsuperconductorinmagneticresonanceimagingsystemmagnetsisniobiumtitaniumembeddedinacoppermatrix

T1

ThecharacteristictimeconstantforthemagnetizationsreturntothelongitudinalaxisafterbeingexcitedbyanRFpulse.AlsocalledSpinLatticeorLongitudinalRelaxationTime.

T1-Weighted

ScanprotocolsthatallowtheT1effectstopredominateovertheotherrelaxationeffects.

T2*

ThecharacteristictimeconstantforlossoftransversemagnetizationandMRsignalduetoT2andlocalfieldinhomogeneties.Sincesuchinhomogeneitiesarenotcompensatedforbygradientreversal,contrastingradient-echoimagesdependsonT2*.

T2*-Weighted

ScanprotocolsthatallowtheT2*effectstopredominateovertheothercontrasteffects.TherearethreeprimarygradientechopulsesequencesthatcanbeusedtoproducevaryingT2*-weightedimages:

GradientEcho,SPGR,andSSFP.

T2

Thecharacteristictimeconstantforlossofphasecoherenceamongspins,causedbytheirinteraction,andtheresultinglossinthetransverse-magnetizationMRsignal.AlsoreferredtoasSpin-SpinorTransverseRelaxationTime.

T2-Weighted

 ScanprotocolsthatallowtheT2effectstopredominateovertheothercontrasteffects.

TEMin

 TheshortestpossibleTEtimeforagivenprescription,usedtominimizeflowdephasingandT2effects.

TE

SeeTimetoEcho.

TE1

ThetimefromthemiddleofthefirstexcitationpulsetothemiddleofthefirstreadoutinanAsysmmetricalSpinEchopulsesequence.

TAC

TwinAccessoryCabinet（TwinSpeedonly）

TE

Echotime

TE2

 ThetimebetweenthemiddleofthefirstexcitationpulseandthemiddleofthesecondreadoutinanAsysmmetricalSpinEchopulsesequence.

TESLA（T）

Theinternationallyacceptedunitofmagneti