状语从句知识点整理.docx
《状语从句知识点整理.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《状语从句知识点整理.docx(10页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
状语从句知识点整理
时间状语从句
▪考点一When;While;As引导的时间状语从句
▪①bedoingwhen正在做…突然
▪beabouttodowhen刚要做…突然
▪EgIwassleepingwhenthephonerang.
▪HewasabouttoleavewhenIcame.
▪②while的主句动作发生在从句动作之中。
通常从句是进行时或是系表结构
▪Striketheironwhileitishot.
▪ImethimwhileIwasshopping.
▪③as强调“一边…一边…〞或是两个动作前后伴随发生
▪EgTheytalkedastheywalked.
MycapwasblownawayasIstoodup
▪即:
通常在表示“当〞时,while的从句为进行时或系表,动作为延续性的。
▪As表示一边…一边…
▪而when在没有特殊情况下时可以替代while和as。
▪考点二Since引导时间状语从句
▪Since引导通常用完成时
▪注:
①Itis/hasbeen+一段时间since+过去时
▪EgItis6yearssinceIleft.
▪②当since后的动词为延续性动词,要翻译成对应的反义词
I
▪比照:
It’s6yearssinceIleft
▪Itis6yearssinceIlivedhere.
▪考点三:
关于before
▪注意以下的几个特殊句型:
▪Itwillbe+一段时间+before+现在时“还要过多久…才〞
Itwas+一段时间+before过去时.“过…才〞
Itis+一段时间+since+过去时
Ithasbeen+一段时间+since+过去时
▪Itis/was+时刻+when+句子〔即以when引导的定语从句〕
1.Itwillbeyears____wemeetagain.
A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since
2.Itistenyears____Icametothistown.
A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since
3.Itistenyearsago____Icametothistown
A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since
4.Itwas1986____hisfirstnovelcameout.
A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since
答案:
CDBA
▪考点四not…until
▪①主将从现
Hewon’tgotobeduntilIcomeback
▪②倒装
NotuntilIcomebackwillhegotobed.
▪③强调句
▪ItisnotuntilIcomebackthathewillgotobed.
▪考点五特殊的时间状语引导词
▪①表示时间的名词:
themoment/minute/day/
instant;bythetime(过去、将来完成时)
each/every/nexttime;thefirst/…/lasttime;
EgI’llphoneyouthemomentIarrive.
EverytimeIseehim,he’sworkinghard.
Besuretocallmenexttimeyoucome.
IfeltexcitedthefirsttimeIsawaUFO.→comp
BythetimewegraduatefromSeniorHigh,wewillhavebeenherefor3years.
BythetimeIcame,hehaddied.
▪②表示时间的副词引导的状语
▪immediately;directly〔一…就〕;instantly
EgIleftimmediatelythebellrang.
▪Directlyyoufeelanypains,youmustgotothedoctor.
▪Pleasegivemeaphonecallinstantlyyouarrive.
▪考点六时间状语从句中的时态
▪①主将从现
▪Eg
▪Whenhecomes,Iwillphoneyou.
▪IwilltellyouassoonasIknow.
▪Hewon’tgotobeduntilIamback.
▪You’llhavetofinishyourhomeworkbeforeyougoout.
▪②完成时
▪I’velivedheresinceIwasborn.
▪Ihadbeenatthebusstopfor20minuteswhenabusfinallycame
▪Shedidn’tgotobeduntilshehadfinishedherwork.
▪Hecalledmeafterhehadfinishedhiswork
▪Bythetimehecamehere,Ihadfinishedit.
▪BythetimeIgraduate,Iwillhavelearnedalot.
▪另:
Bytheendof+表示过去的名词,也用过去完成
▪Itwasthefirst/secondtimethat+过去完成时
▪nosooner…than
▪hardly/scarcely…when〔when可用before来换〕
A.时态:
主句用过去完成时〔haddone〕
▪从句用一般过去时
B.倒装:
nosooner/hardly/scarcely放句首,主句要到装
EgShehadnosoonerenteredthehotelthanitstartedtosnow.
如何倒装?
?
?
?
▪Hehadnosoonerenteredthehotelthanitstartedtosnow.
▪Nosoonerhadheenteredthehotelthanitstartedtosnow.
▪用hardly…when/before怎么做?
?
▪Hehadhardlyenteredthehotelwhenitbegantosnow.
▪Hardlyhadheenteredthehotelwhenitbegantosnow
原因状语从句
because直接原因,语气最强.答复why
since通常放句首.译为“既然〞
as不谈自明的原因,语气最弱.
for放句中,多表示推断的原因〔不可放句首,不可答复why,用逗号隔开〕
EgIwaslatebecauseIgotuplate.
Sinceyou’reill,youhadbetternotgo.
Ashewasinahurry,helefthisbag.
Itmustrainlastnight,forthegroundiswet
▪nowthat
▪NowthatIamwellagain,Icangoonwithmywork.
▪注:
位于句首时that可省略
▪Seeing/consideringthat(考虑到,鉴于)
EgConsideringthattheyarebeginners,theyaredoingquiteagoodjob.
▪Seeingthatheisill,heisunlikelytocome.
▪inthat也可表原因,了解即可
条件状语从句
▪考点一if与unless
▪IwillgoifIaminvited.(主将从现)
▪Youwillbelateagainunlessyouhurry.(unless:
除非;如果不)
▪注:
此类题一定要明晰句意方可选对;另外要注意if与whether表示“是否〞时的区别。
绝大多数情况下,选whether表示“是否〞
考点二:
其他的原因状语引导词(当固定词组来记)
▪①so/aslongas〔只要…〕
▪Iamhappyaslongasyouarehappy
▪②once(一旦)
▪Onceyouneedmyhelp,pleasetellme
▪③onconditionthat(条件是…)
▪I’lllendittoyouonconditionthatyoucanreturninontime
▪④incase〔以防;万一〕
▪Istayedalldayathomeincaseyoucalledon
▪我一整天都呆在家里以防你来访。
▪
▪Takeanumbrellaincaseitrains
▪注:
incaseof也表“万一〞后接名词,上句可以改成
▪Takeanumbrellaincaseofrain.
▪⑤provided/providingthat(如果)
▪We’llvisitEuropeprovided/providingthatwehavethemoney.
▪⑥suppose/supposingthat
▪Suppose/supposingitrainstomorrow,whatshallwedo?
▪注:
要明确哪个连接词用的是ing形式;哪个用的是ed;哪个用的是原形
让步状语从句
▪考点一:
as的让步状语从句〔倒装〕
▪PoorasIam,Icanaffordit.(adj提前)
▪Hardasheworks,hemakeslittleprogress.〔adv提前〕
▪Tryashemight,hecouldn’topenthedoor.〔v提前〕
▪Childasheis,heknowsalot.〔n提前,切记:
名词前零冠词〕
▪注:
①这里的as可以换成though
▪②出冠词题,常出第四个as倒装名词前置零冠词
考点二:
though与although与evenif/eventhough
Though/Although/Eventhough/Evenifit’shardwork,Ienjoyit.
注:
①只有though可以倒装,相当于as
Strangethough/asitmayseem,itistrue.
②although不与but连用,但是可以和yet或still连用
EgAlthoughwewonthegame,yetweshouldbemodest.
Althoughwewonthegame,westillhavealongway.
▪考点三while〔尽管〕
▪EgWhileIdon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworksimpressive.
▪关于while的总结
▪①引导时间状语从句时,从句多是系表结构或进行时
▪②引导让步状语从句时,相当于although等
▪③表示转折,译成“而、但〞表示一种比照
▪EgIliketeawhileshelikescoffee.
▪Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven'tenough.
▪考点四:
--ever与nomatterwh—
▪Nomatterwhatyousay,Iwon’tbelieveyou.
▪Whateveryousay,Iwon’tbelieveyou.
▪注:
同时出现时,选—ever一定对。
他俩只在这里是对等的
▪考点五:
whether…ornot与whether…or〔无论是…还是…〕
▪Allofusshouldbeequal,whetherwearerichornot.
▪Ishallgowhetheryoucomewithmeorstayathome.不管你跟我来或是呆在家里,我都走
注:
whether与if同时出现表“是否〞,当二者都无语法毛病时,常选whether
结果状语从句
▪考点一:
sothat与that
▪EgWhathaveIsaidthathewassoangrywithme?
〔了解即可〕
Theroomisnoisy,sothatIhaveto
speaklouderinorderthatIcanbeheard.
▪考点二:
so…that与such…that
▪①TheroomissonoisythatIhavetospeaklouderinorderthatIcanbeheard.〔注意同上一句的比照〕
Soadjan
Suchaadjn
▪EgHeissohonestaboythatwealllikehim
▪Heissuchanhonestboythatwealllikehim
▪注:
如何拿掉两句中的him?
▪Heissohonestaboyaswealllike
▪Heissuchanhonestboyaswealllike
▪拓:
感慨句what与how?
?
▪③somany/much/few/little(少)+n+that
▪Eg
▪There’resomanypeopleintheroomthatIcan’tgetinit.
▪Hegotsolittleeducationthatshecan’tread.
▪SuchalittlebirdcaneatsomuchthatIcan’tbelievemyeyes.
▪注:
“两多两少〞出现时要格外注意,尤其是多义的little
▪④suchadj+n〔复/不可数〕that
▪EgTheyaresuchfineteachersthatwealllikethem.
▪Theyaresuchfineteachersaswealllike.
▪Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark.
▪注:
当没有“两多两少〞出现时,出现名词复数或是不可数名词,用such修饰
▪⑤关于so…that与such…that的局部倒装
Tomreadssofastthatwecan’tfollow
him
SofastdoesTomreadthatwecan’t
followhim
Thereissuchacrowdthatwelosteachother
Suchacrowdistherethatwelosteachother
注:
so引导的倒装常考。
目的状语从句
▪考点一:
sothat
▪IgetupearlysothatIcancatchtheearlytrain.
▪注:
从句常有情态动词may,can,might,will,could等
目的sothat〔may,can,might,will等〕
结果sothat/so…that(两多两少)
Such…that〔复数和不可数〕
▪考点二:
inorderthat
▪InorderthatIcouldfinishitearlier,Imadeaplan.〔常考放句首的〕
▪IgetupearlyinorderthatIcancatchthebus.
▪拓:
inorder(not)to〔句首句中〕
▪Soas(not)to(句中)
▪注:
Tomwassoexcitedwhenhewasadmittedtoakeyuniversity.
▪IenjoymyselfsomuchwhenIstayedinHongKong.
▪考点三:
forfearthat;lest〔以免;唯恐〕
▪Iwon’tmakeanoiselestIshoulddisturbyou.
▪Let’ssolveitfacetofaceforfearthatthereshouldbeanymisunderstanding.
▪注:
从句一般用should加动词原形,should可以省。
方式状语从句
▪考点一:
as
▪WheninRome,doastheRomansdo
▪考点二:
asif/asthough
▪Irememberitasifitwereyesterday.
考点三:
theway(就是way做先行词的定语从句)
Ishalldoitthewaymyleadertoldme.
Idon’tlikethewayheexplainsit.
地点状语从句
考点一:
where与wherever
Youcantakeitwhereveryougo
IwillgowhereIamneededmost
Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.
注:
IwillgowhereIamneededmost
IwillgotowhereIamneededmost
IwillgototheplacewhereIamneededmost