状语从句知识点整理.docx

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状语从句知识点整理.docx

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状语从句知识点整理.docx

状语从句知识点整理

时间状语从句

▪考点一When;While;As引导的时间状语从句

▪①bedoingwhen正在做…突然

▪beabouttodowhen刚要做…突然

▪EgIwassleepingwhenthephonerang.

▪HewasabouttoleavewhenIcame.

▪②while的主句动作发生在从句动作之中。

通常从句是进行时或是系表结构

▪Striketheironwhileitishot.

▪ImethimwhileIwasshopping.

▪③as强调“一边…一边…〞或是两个动作前后伴随发生

▪EgTheytalkedastheywalked.

MycapwasblownawayasIstoodup

▪即:

通常在表示“当〞时,while的从句为进行时或系表,动作为延续性的。

▪As表示一边…一边…

▪而when在没有特殊情况下时可以替代while和as。

▪考点二Since引导时间状语从句

▪Since引导通常用完成时

▪注:

①Itis/hasbeen+一段时间since+过去时

▪EgItis6yearssinceIleft.

▪②当since后的动词为延续性动词,要翻译成对应的反义词

I

▪比照:

It’s6yearssinceIleft

▪Itis6yearssinceIlivedhere.

▪考点三:

关于before

▪注意以下的几个特殊句型:

▪Itwillbe+一段时间+before+现在时“还要过多久…才〞

Itwas+一段时间+before过去时.“过…才〞

Itis+一段时间+since+过去时

Ithasbeen+一段时间+since+过去时

▪Itis/was+时刻+when+句子〔即以when引导的定语从句〕

1.Itwillbeyears____wemeetagain.

A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since

2.Itistenyears____Icametothistown.

A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since

3.Itistenyearsago____Icametothistown

A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since

4.Itwas1986____hisfirstnovelcameout.

A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since

答案:

CDBA

▪考点四not…until

▪①主将从现

Hewon’tgotobeduntilIcomeback

▪②倒装

NotuntilIcomebackwillhegotobed.

▪③强调句

▪ItisnotuntilIcomebackthathewillgotobed.

▪考点五特殊的时间状语引导词

▪①表示时间的名词:

themoment/minute/day/

instant;bythetime(过去、将来完成时)

each/every/nexttime;thefirst/…/lasttime;

EgI’llphoneyouthemomentIarrive.

EverytimeIseehim,he’sworkinghard.

Besuretocallmenexttimeyoucome.

IfeltexcitedthefirsttimeIsawaUFO.→comp

BythetimewegraduatefromSeniorHigh,wewillhavebeenherefor3years.

BythetimeIcame,hehaddied.

▪②表示时间的副词引导的状语

▪immediately;directly〔一…就〕;instantly

EgIleftimmediatelythebellrang.

▪Directlyyoufeelanypains,youmustgotothedoctor.

▪Pleasegivemeaphonecallinstantlyyouarrive.

▪考点六时间状语从句中的时态

▪①主将从现

▪Eg

▪Whenhecomes,Iwillphoneyou.

▪IwilltellyouassoonasIknow.

▪Hewon’tgotobeduntilIamback.

▪You’llhavetofinishyourhomeworkbeforeyougoout.

▪②完成时

▪I’velivedheresinceIwasborn.

▪Ihadbeenatthebusstopfor20minuteswhenabusfinallycame

▪Shedidn’tgotobeduntilshehadfinishedherwork.

▪Hecalledmeafterhehadfinishedhiswork

▪Bythetimehecamehere,Ihadfinishedit.

▪BythetimeIgraduate,Iwillhavelearnedalot.

▪另:

Bytheendof+表示过去的名词,也用过去完成

▪Itwasthefirst/secondtimethat+过去完成时

▪nosooner…than

▪hardly/scarcely…when〔when可用before来换〕

A.时态:

主句用过去完成时〔haddone〕

▪从句用一般过去时

B.倒装:

nosooner/hardly/scarcely放句首,主句要到装

EgShehadnosoonerenteredthehotelthanitstartedtosnow.

如何倒装?

▪Hehadnosoonerenteredthehotelthanitstartedtosnow.

▪Nosoonerhadheenteredthehotelthanitstartedtosnow.

▪用hardly…when/before怎么做?

▪Hehadhardlyenteredthehotelwhenitbegantosnow.

▪Hardlyhadheenteredthehotelwhenitbegantosnow

原因状语从句

because直接原因,语气最强.答复why

since通常放句首.译为“既然〞

as不谈自明的原因,语气最弱.

for放句中,多表示推断的原因〔不可放句首,不可答复why,用逗号隔开〕

EgIwaslatebecauseIgotuplate.

Sinceyou’reill,youhadbetternotgo.

Ashewasinahurry,helefthisbag.

Itmustrainlastnight,forthegroundiswet

▪nowthat

▪NowthatIamwellagain,Icangoonwithmywork.

▪注:

位于句首时that可省略

▪Seeing/consideringthat(考虑到,鉴于)

EgConsideringthattheyarebeginners,theyaredoingquiteagoodjob.

▪Seeingthatheisill,heisunlikelytocome.

▪inthat也可表原因,了解即可

条件状语从句

▪考点一if与unless

▪IwillgoifIaminvited.(主将从现)

▪Youwillbelateagainunlessyouhurry.(unless:

除非;如果不)

▪注:

此类题一定要明晰句意方可选对;另外要注意if与whether表示“是否〞时的区别。

绝大多数情况下,选whether表示“是否〞

考点二:

其他的原因状语引导词(当固定词组来记)

▪①so/aslongas〔只要…〕

▪Iamhappyaslongasyouarehappy

▪②once(一旦)

▪Onceyouneedmyhelp,pleasetellme

▪③onconditionthat(条件是…)

▪I’lllendittoyouonconditionthatyoucanreturninontime

▪④incase〔以防;万一〕

▪Istayedalldayathomeincaseyoucalledon

▪我一整天都呆在家里以防你来访。

▪Takeanumbrellaincaseitrains

▪注:

incaseof也表“万一〞后接名词,上句可以改成

▪Takeanumbrellaincaseofrain.

▪⑤provided/providingthat(如果)

▪We’llvisitEuropeprovided/providingthatwehavethemoney.

▪⑥suppose/supposingthat

▪Suppose/supposingitrainstomorrow,whatshallwedo?

▪注:

要明确哪个连接词用的是ing形式;哪个用的是ed;哪个用的是原形

让步状语从句

▪考点一:

as的让步状语从句〔倒装〕

▪PoorasIam,Icanaffordit.(adj提前)

▪Hardasheworks,hemakeslittleprogress.〔adv提前〕

▪Tryashemight,hecouldn’topenthedoor.〔v提前〕

▪Childasheis,heknowsalot.〔n提前,切记:

名词前零冠词〕

▪注:

①这里的as可以换成though

▪②出冠词题,常出第四个as倒装名词前置零冠词

考点二:

though与although与evenif/eventhough

Though/Although/Eventhough/Evenifit’shardwork,Ienjoyit.

注:

①只有though可以倒装,相当于as

Strangethough/asitmayseem,itistrue.

②although不与but连用,但是可以和yet或still连用

EgAlthoughwewonthegame,yetweshouldbemodest.

Althoughwewonthegame,westillhavealongway.

▪考点三while〔尽管〕

▪EgWhileIdon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworksimpressive.

▪关于while的总结

▪①引导时间状语从句时,从句多是系表结构或进行时

▪②引导让步状语从句时,相当于although等

▪③表示转折,译成“而、但〞表示一种比照

▪EgIliketeawhileshelikescoffee.

▪Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven'tenough.

▪考点四:

--ever与nomatterwh—

▪Nomatterwhatyousay,Iwon’tbelieveyou.

▪Whateveryousay,Iwon’tbelieveyou.

▪注:

同时出现时,选—ever一定对。

他俩只在这里是对等的

▪考点五:

whether…ornot与whether…or〔无论是…还是…〕

▪Allofusshouldbeequal,whetherwearerichornot.

▪Ishallgowhetheryoucomewithmeorstayathome.不管你跟我来或是呆在家里,我都走

注:

whether与if同时出现表“是否〞,当二者都无语法毛病时,常选whether

结果状语从句

▪考点一:

sothat与that

▪EgWhathaveIsaidthathewassoangrywithme?

〔了解即可〕

Theroomisnoisy,sothatIhaveto

speaklouderinorderthatIcanbeheard.

▪考点二:

so…that与such…that

▪①TheroomissonoisythatIhavetospeaklouderinorderthatIcanbeheard.〔注意同上一句的比照〕

Soadjan

Suchaadjn

▪EgHeissohonestaboythatwealllikehim

▪Heissuchanhonestboythatwealllikehim

▪注:

如何拿掉两句中的him?

▪Heissohonestaboyaswealllike

▪Heissuchanhonestboyaswealllike

▪拓:

感慨句what与how?

▪③somany/much/few/little(少)+n+that

▪Eg

▪There’resomanypeopleintheroomthatIcan’tgetinit.

▪Hegotsolittleeducationthatshecan’tread.

▪SuchalittlebirdcaneatsomuchthatIcan’tbelievemyeyes.

▪注:

“两多两少〞出现时要格外注意,尤其是多义的little

▪④suchadj+n〔复/不可数〕that

▪EgTheyaresuchfineteachersthatwealllikethem.

▪Theyaresuchfineteachersaswealllike.

▪Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark.

▪注:

当没有“两多两少〞出现时,出现名词复数或是不可数名词,用such修饰

▪⑤关于so…that与such…that的局部倒装

Tomreadssofastthatwecan’tfollow

him

SofastdoesTomreadthatwecan’t

followhim

Thereissuchacrowdthatwelosteachother

Suchacrowdistherethatwelosteachother

注:

so引导的倒装常考。

目的状语从句

▪考点一:

sothat

▪IgetupearlysothatIcancatchtheearlytrain.

▪注:

从句常有情态动词may,can,might,will,could等

目的sothat〔may,can,might,will等〕

结果sothat/so…that(两多两少)

Such…that〔复数和不可数〕

▪考点二:

inorderthat

▪InorderthatIcouldfinishitearlier,Imadeaplan.〔常考放句首的〕

▪IgetupearlyinorderthatIcancatchthebus.

▪拓:

inorder(not)to〔句首句中〕

▪Soas(not)to(句中)

▪注:

Tomwassoexcitedwhenhewasadmittedtoakeyuniversity.

▪IenjoymyselfsomuchwhenIstayedinHongKong.

▪考点三:

forfearthat;lest〔以免;唯恐〕

▪Iwon’tmakeanoiselestIshoulddisturbyou.

▪Let’ssolveitfacetofaceforfearthatthereshouldbeanymisunderstanding.

▪注:

从句一般用should加动词原形,should可以省。

方式状语从句

▪考点一:

as

▪WheninRome,doastheRomansdo

▪考点二:

asif/asthough

▪Irememberitasifitwereyesterday.

考点三:

theway(就是way做先行词的定语从句)

Ishalldoitthewaymyleadertoldme.

Idon’tlikethewayheexplainsit.

地点状语从句

考点一:

where与wherever

Youcantakeitwhereveryougo

IwillgowhereIamneededmost

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

注:

IwillgowhereIamneededmost

IwillgotowhereIamneededmost

IwillgototheplacewhereIamneededmost

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