高一下册期末英语试题.docx
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高一下册期末英语试题
高一英语
下学期期末考试卷
考试时间:
90分钟满分:
150分
本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。
第I卷(共100分)
第一部分:
听力(略)
第二部分阅读理解(满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
A
Researchersrecentlyfoundthathackerstookcontrolof300,000homerouters(路由器).Onceyourhomerouterhasbeencontrolled,hackerscouldredirectyournetworktomalicious(恶意的)websitescontrolledbyhi-techthieveswhocouldthenstealyouronlinebankdetailsandothersensitivedata.However,therearesomesimplestepsyoucantaketoprotectyourrouter.
Saynoto12345passwords
First,neverleaveyourrouteropenwithoutapasswordandmakesureyouchangebothyourWi-Fiandrouterloginpasswordsfromthedefault(默认)onestheycomewith.Ifthepasswordisdiscovered,thiscouldgivesomeoneaccesstotheroutersetup,whichcouldallowthemtochangeyourroutersettings,includingviewinganysecuritykeys.
Don’tbroadcastit
Makesureyoudon’tshowupinotherpeople’swirelessnetworkscans.Knowyournetworknamesoyoucaneasilyenteritintoanydevicesyouwanttoaccessthatnetwork.Otherpeopledonotneedtoknowyournetworkname.Topreventoutsidersfromseeingyournetworknameandattemptingtojoinyourwirelessnetwork,turnoffbroadcastinginyourroutersettings.
Inviteonlyplease
Onewayyoucanensurenooneelsejoinsyournetworkwithoutyourpermissionistoenableyourroutertoonlyallowcertaindevicestoconnect,andbanallothers.TodothatyoucanfilterbyMediaAccessControl(MAC)address.
Turnitoff
Thisisasimplepieceofadvicethatcangoaverylongwayinkeepingyourroutersafe.Simplyturnoffyourrouterwhenyou’renotusingyournetwork.Ifyou’reatworkalldayandnoone’shome,whykeepitrunning?
Buildafirewall
ThefirewallbuiltintoyourrouterpreventshackersontheInternetfromgettingaccesstoyourPC,soit’salwaysworthenablingittohelpaddanextralayerofsecurity.However,itdoesnothingtostoppeoplewithinrangeofyourWi-Fisignalfromgettingontoyournetwork—andassaid,arouterinthewrongplacemeansyourWi-Fisignalcouldreachprettyfar.
Forfurtherprotection,youshouldrunsoftwarefirewallsontheindividualPCsonyournetwork.
21.Ifyouusethedefaultpassword,.
A.yourhomerouterwillbelinkedtosomebadwebsites
B.youwillfindit’sveryconvenienttosurftheInternet
C.yourhomerouterwillbechangedfornewsettings
D.youwillfailtouseyourownloginpassword
22.Whatshouldbedonetoshelteryourwirelessnetwork?
A.Tobuildafirewallintoyourrouter.
B.Tothinkoutacomplicatedloginpasswordanduseit.
C.Toshutoffyourrouterwhenyoufinditnotsafe.
D.Toswitchoffbroadcastinginyourroutersettings.
23.
Thepurposeofthepassageistotell.
A.howtokeepyourWi-Finetworksecure
B.howtodealwithyourhomerouterproperly
C.howtolocatethehackersontheInternet
D.howtopreventothersfromjoiningyournetwork
B
Apairofladies’glovesrestsatthebottomofmydresserdrawer.Theglovesareoldandworn–surelyolderthanme–andtellmanytales.
Theybelongedtomygrandmother.AcousinsaidshehadfoundaloadofGrandma’sglovesandaskedifIwouldlikeapair.Whenthepackagearrived,Ipulledtheglovesoutoftheplasticinwhichtheyoriginallycamefromthedepartmentstore.Theylookedasthoughtheyhadbeencarefullylookedafter,evenaftermanyyearsofbeingworn.They’resmall,butsowasmygrandma–smallbutstrong.Shewasawomanwhoneededstronghandsforpreparingbreaddough(面团),cookingdinnerandcleaningwoodenfloors.
Beinggentlewasn’tallthatusefulforraisingninechildren,orfeedinga
hungrygroupofworkersfreshfromthefieldofherfarm.Thehandsthatslidintothosegloveshadtendedthesick,weededgardensandwashedcountlessdirtydishes.Therewasatimewhenwomenofeverysocialandeconomicclassworegloveswhentheywentout.Gloveswerepartofthedresscodeoftheday–they’reeverywhereinouroldblackandwhitephotos.TheglovesinmydrawerputalovelycoveronthehandsthatfedthehomelesspeoplewhowanderedthroughthecountrysideduringtheDepressionandoccasionallyappearedatmygrandma’skitchendoor.Theywerethesamehandsthatbidfarewelltotwosonsgoingofftowarandheldtheflagpresentedinhonoroftheonewhodidn’tmakeithome.Grandmawasamightywoman.
Thestorygoesthatshechasedawayayoungmanwhomsheconsideredanunsuitablesuitor(求婚者)foroneofherdaughterswithnothingbutherbarehandsandabroom.Helaterbecameason-in-law(女婿).
Irememberbeingasmallgirlandseeingthosehandsgrip(紧握)thewheelofacarsohugeshecouldbarelyseeoverit.Andwhenitcametoplayingthepiano,
mygrandma’shandsracedupanddownthekeysfasterthanyoureyescouldseethem.Shecouldplayanysongsheheard,fromhymnstojazz.
Theseoldglovesaren’tworthalotofmoney,butthey’recertainlypricelessto
me.
24.Whentheauthorreceivedthepackagefromhercousin,she.
A.didn’tknowwhatwasinside
B.putitatthebottomofherdrawerrightaway
C.wasdisappointedtoseeapairofworngloves
D.thoughtofthelifestoriesofhergrandmother
25.Accordingtothearticle,theauthor’sgrandmother.
A.waswarm-heartedtohelpthehomeless
B.wasagentlewomanatraisingchildren
C.hateddoinghouseworkverymuch
D.didn’tcareaboutherappearanceatall
26.Theunderlinedword―mighty‖isclosestinmeaningto.
A.strongB.patientC.modestD.brave
27.Wecaninferfromthearticlethat.
A.Grandmaregrettedsendinghersonstowar
B.Grandmawasn’tsatisfiedwithherson-in-lawatfirst
C.theauthorlearnedtoplaythepianofromGrandma
D.theauthorwouldhandtheglovesdowninmemoryofGrandma
C
Asakid,Iwasalwaysaroundanimalsandenjoyedit.Aftermysenioryearofhighschool,westartedrentingafarm.ThenIwentawaytoRhodeIslandSchoolofDesigntobecomeanarchitect.Afterabouttwoandahalfyears,IdecidedthatwasnotquitewhatIwantedtodo.IfeltIwantedtobeanarchitectandhadahobbyfarm,butwhynotjusthadafarmandmadeitmycareer?
It’sanexcitingbusiness.Ihavebeenthinkingthatalotofpeopledon’trealizewhat’sinvolvedwithdairyfarming.WetooksometripstosomeadvancedfarmsoutinNewYorkwhenwefirststarted.Itreallychangedmyattitudeofwhatyoucando.Youcanbeasuccessfulbusinesspersonwithalotofchallenges,andthosechallengesarepartofwhatmakesitveryexciting.It’snotjustmilkingcows.There’snutritionandfinancesandalotofbigday-to-daydecisions.
Well,landisthebiggestobstacle(障碍).Wemustsecureenoughland.We
don’tjustneedthelandfortheanimals;wealsoneedittohandoutthemanure(粪肥)fromthecows.Andthere’sarealbalancethere,arealrecycling.Youtakethefeed,yougiveittothecows,thecowsgiveyoumilk,buttheyalsogiveyoualotofmanure,andthebestthingtodoistoputitbackontheland.Youneed2acrespercowbasically,acowanditsyoungbabies.
28.Whatmajormighttheauthorchoosewhenshestudiedatuniversity?
A.ComputerScience.
B.LanguagesandLiterature.
C.ArchitectureDesign.
D.ScienceofAnimals.
29.Whatworkisincludedinthedairyfarmingaccordingtothepassage?
A.Takingtripsaroundthefarmtoenjoylife.
B.Milkingcowsandmakingsomedecisions.
C.Playingwiththecowsaroundthefarm.
D.Designingarchitectforthedairyfarm.
30.What’sthebiggestchallengedidtheauthorface?
A.Hugeamountofmoney.
B.Quantitiesofworkers.
C.Highqualifiedmilkcows.
D.Findingenoughland.
31.Whichoneisthebesttitleforthispassage?
A.BuildingaSuccessfulDairyBusiness
B.FamousFarmersaroundtheWorld
C.HighQualifiedMilkCows
D.TheArchitectureDesigner
D
Peoplehavedifferentwaysofdealingwithacommoncold.Sometakeover-the-countermedicinessuchasaspirinwhileotherstrypopularhomeremedies(疗法)likeherbalteaorchickensoup.Yethereisthetoughtruthaboutthecommoncold:
nothingreallycuresit.
Sowhydopeoplesometimesbelievethattheirremedieswork?
AccordingtoJamesTaylor,professorattheUniversityofWashington,coldsusuallygoawayontheirowninaboutaweek,improvingalittleeachdayaftersymptomspeak,soit’seasytobelievethatit’smedicine–ratherthantime–thatdeservesthecredit,USATodayreported.
Itstillseemshardtobelievethatwecantacklemuchmoreseriousdiseasesyetarepowerlessagainstsomethingsocommonasacold.Recently,scientistscameclosertofiguringoutwhy.Tounderstandit,youfirstneedtoknowhowantiviral(抗病毒的)drugswork.Theyattackthevirusbyattachingtoandchangingthesurfacestructuresofthevirus.Todothat,thedrugmustfitandlockintothevirusliketherightpieceofajigsawpuzzle,whichmeansscientistshavetoidentifythevirusandbuilda3-Dmodeltostudyitssurfacebeforetheycandesignanantiviraldrugthatiseffectiveenough.
ThetwocoldvirusesthatscientistshadlongknownaboutwererhinovirusAandB.Buttheydidn’tfindoutabouttheexistenceofathirdvirus,rhinovirusC,until2006.Allthreeofthemcontributetothecommoncold,butdrugsthatworkwellagainstrhinovirusAandBhavelittleeffectwhenusedagainstC.―Thisexplainsmostofthepreviousfailuresofdrugtrialsagainstrhinovirus,‖studyleaderProfessorAnnPalmenbergatUniversityofWisconsin–Madison,US,toldScienceDaily.
Now,morethan10yearsafterthediscoveryofrhinovirusC,scientistshavefinallybuiltahighly-detailed3-Dmodelofthevirus,showingthatthesurfaceofthevirusis,asexpected,differentfromthatofothercoldviruses.Withthemodelinha