深圳市届高三年级第一次调研考试英语试题及答案.docx

深圳市届高三年级第一次调研考试英语试题及答案.docx

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深圳市届高三年级第一次调研考试英语试题及答案

深圳市2018届高三年级第一次调研考试英语试题及答案

绝密★启用前

深圳市2018届高三年级第一次调研考试

英语

2018.3

本试题卷共10页。

全卷满分120分，折算成135分计入总分。

考试用时120分钟。

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第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Lostcitiesthathavebeenfound

TheWhiteCity

In2015,ateamofexplorerstoHondurasinsearchof"theLostCityoftheMonkeGod"ledtothediscoveryoftheWhiteCity.TheyfoundtheruinsintheMosquitiaregionoftheCentralAmericancountrywhichisknownforpoisonoussnakes,viciousjaguarsanddeadlyinsects.ItisbelievedthatlocalpeoplehidherewhentheSpanishconquerors（征服者）occupiedtheirhomelandinthe16thcentury.

CanopusandHeracleion

ModernresearcherswereteasedbytheancientwritingsabouttheEgyptiancitiesCanopusandHeracleion-whereQueenCleopatraoftenvisited.Butthecitiesweren’tfounduntil1992,whenasearchinAlexandriawatersfoundthatthetwocitieshadbeenfloodedforcenturies.Artifacts（史前器物）showedthatthecitiesoncehighlydevelopedasatradenetwork,whichhelpedresearcherspiecetogethermoreaboutthelastqueenofEgypt.

MachuPicchu

AYaleprofessordiscovered"theLostCityintheClouds"in1911.Acombinationofpalaces,plazas,templesandhomes,MachuPicchudisplaystheIncaEmpireattheheightofitsrule.Thecity,whichwasabandonedinthe16thcenturyforunknownreasons,washiddenbythelocalpeoplefromtheSpanishconquerorsforcenturieskeepingitsowellpreserved.

Troy

TheancientcityofTroyinhomer'sTheIliadwasconsideredafictionalsettingforhischaracterstorunwild.Butin1871,explorationsinnorthwesternTurkeyexposednineancientcitieslayered（层叠）ontopofeachother,theearliestdatingbacktoabout5,000yearsbefore.ItwaslaterdeterminedthatthesixthorseventhlayercontainedthelostcityofTroyandthatitwasactuallydestroyedbyanearthquake,notawoodenhorse.

21.WhydidpeoplehideintheWhiteCityinthe16thcentury?

A.Tosurvivethewar

B.Tosearchforalostcity.

C.Toprotecttheircountry.

D.Toavoiddangerousanimals

22.Whichofthefollowingwasrelatedtoaroyalfamilymember?

A.TheWhiteCity

B.CanopusandHeracleion

C.MachuPicchu

D.Troy

23.WhatcanwelearnaboutTroy?

A.ItwasbuiltbyHomer.

B.Itconsistedofninecities

C.Ithadahistoryof5,000years

D.Itwasruinedbyanaturaldisaster.

B

Mymotivationforstartingourfamilytraditionofreadinginthecarwaspurelyselfish:

IcouldnotbearlisteningtoASesameStreetChristmasforanother10hours.Mythreechildrenhadbeenaddictedtothiscassetteonourprevioussummersroadtrip

AsIbegantoprepareforournext500-milecartrip,Icameacrossabook-JimTrelease'sTheReadAloudHandbook.Thiscouldbetheanswertomyproblem.Ithought.SoIputRoalddahl'sJamesandtheGiantPeachintomybag.WhenIbegantoreadaloudthetaleoftheboywhoescapesthebadguysbyhidinginsideagiantpeach,mythreekidsarguedandwrestledintheirseats.Butafterseverallines,theywereattractedintotherhythmofthewordsandbegantolisten

Wesoonlearnedthatthesimplepleasureoflisteningtoawell-writtenbookmakesthelongmilespassmorequickly.Sometimesthebookswereadbecamehighlightsofthetrip.IreadWilsonRawls'sSummeroftheMonkeysaswespenttwodaysdrivingtothebeach.Wearrivedjustbehindthepowercrewsrestoring（恢复）electricityafteratropicalstorm.Theraincontinuedmostoftheweek,andthebeachwascoveredwithoilwashedupbythestorm.Whenwereturnedhome,Iaskedmysonwhathelikedaboutthetrip.Heansweredwithouthesitation,"Thebookyoureadinthecar.

Roadtripsstillofferchallenges,eventhoughmychildrennowareteenagers.Butwecontinuetoreadaswerollacrossthecountry.AndI'mbeginningtoseethatreadingaloudhasdonemorethanhelppassthetime.Foratleastalittlewhile,wearenotshutinourownelectronicworlds.Andmaybewe'vestartedsomethingthatwillpassontothenextgeneration.

24.Whydidtheauthorstartreadinginthecar?

A.Shewantedtohaveabetterjourney.

B.Shewantedtokeepafamilytradition

C.Herchildrenwereaddictedtoreading.

D.Herchildrenweretiredofthecassette

25.Howdidthechildrenreactaftertheauthorreadafewlines?

A.Theykeptfighting

B.Theyhidthemselves

C.Theysoonsettleddown

D.Theyreadtogetheraloud

26.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorandherfamily'striptothebeach?

A.Theywerecaughtinastorm

B.Theyenjoyedreadingontheroad

C.Theyhadagoodtimeonthebeach

D.Theythoughtithadpassedtooquickly.

27.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.BetterTravelingthanReading

B.BooksthatChangedMyChildren

C.RoadTripsFullofChallenges

D.ReadingMakesGreatRoadTrips

C

Thearmbonesofwomenwholived7,000yearsagoshowasurprisinglevelofstrength-evenhigherthantoday'sprofessionalathletes.that'saccordingtoafirst-everstudycomparingprehistoric（史前的）bonestothoseoflivingpeople.Thefindingsuggestsarevisionofhistory-theeverydaylivesofprehistoricwomenwerefilledwithhardlabor,ratherthanjustsittingathomedoinglightertaskswhilethemenstruggledandfoughtforlife.

Beforethestudy,therearenoclearrecordsdescribinghowourancientancestorslived.Itcanbeeasytoforgetthatboneisalivingtissue,onethatrespondstothedifficultiesweputourbodiesthrough,"saidleadauthorAlisonMacintosh."Physicalforceandmuscleactivitybothputpressureonthebone.Thebonereactsbychanginginshape,thicknessandotheraspectsovertime.

Previousstudiesonlycomparedfemalebonestocontemporarymalebones,theresearcherssaid-andthat'saproblem,becausetheresponseofmalebonestostressandchangeismuchbiggerthanthatofwomen.Forinstance,ashumansmovedfromahunter-gathererlifestyleconstantlyonthemovetoamoresettledagrarian（农耕的）one,changescanbeobservedinthestructureoftheshinbone（胫骨）-andthesechangesweremuchmoreevidentinmen.

However,acomparisonofthebonesofprehistoricwomentothebonesoflivingfemaleathletescanhelpusworkoutamoreaccuratepictureofwhatthoseprehistoricwomenweredoing."Byanalyzingthebonesoflivingpeopleandcomparingthemtotheancientbones,wecanstarttoexplainthekindsoflaborourancestorswerereforming,Macintoshsaid.Whattheyfoundwasthatwomen'slegstrengthhasn’tchangedagreatdeal,buttheirarmsusedtobeverypowerful.Prehistoricwomen,theresearchersfound,hadarmstrength11-16percentstrongerthanthoseofmodernrowers,and30percentstrongerthanthoseofnon-athletes.

28.Whatdoesthestudytellaboutprehistoricwomen?

A.Theywerestrongerthanmen

B.Theyhadlighterbonesthanmen

C.Theydidtoughtasksasthemen

D.Theyspentmosttimestayingathome

29.Whatproblemdidpreviousstudiesonprehistoricboneshave?

A.Theylackedenoughcomparison.

B.Theyonlystudiedmen’sbones

C.Theyfocusedlittleonbones.

D.Theyignoredthelifestyles

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that'"inParagraph3referto?

A.Bonesstructure.

B.Bones’thickness

C.Bonesresponsetostress.

D.Bones,stressfromhardlabor.

31.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.It'sstillhardtoexplainourancestors'lifestyle

B.Prehistoricwomenwentthroughmuchsuffering.

C.Women'sarmshavebecomemuchstrongerovertime

D.Prehistoricwomenarestrongerthancontemporaryfemales

D

Afewyearsago,DarlaHoffpaintedapumpkinfaceontoaroundstrawbale（捆）atAlandKarenGoldman'sfarminIdahoFallstoadvertiseheru-pickpumpkinfieldWhileDarlahasstoppedgrowingpumpkins,theannualtraditionofstrawbaleartlivesonatthefarmandhasdrawnfriendsandneighborstoparticipateinit.Pastcreationshaveincludedanowl,Minions,tractorsandateddybear.

Tomakethetractors,Albaledroundstrawbalesintwodifferentsizes-smalleronesforthetractor'sfronttiresandlargeronesfortherear（尾部）.Largesquarebalesmadeupthebodies.JerryKienlenusedhisfarmingequipmenttoarrangethebalesintheshapeoftwotractors.Thenitwastimetobringthetractorstolife.Karenandherdaughter,LanaHedrick,securedsomegreenpaint,andAlgotsomeredpaint.Darla'shusband,James,sprayedthecreationwithapaintgun.ForthefinishingtouchesStevendonatedtwoshinyexhauststacks（排气管）,andAlandKarendonatedtwosteeringwheelsfromtheirfarmparts.

Thefarm'sannualstrawbaleartprojectshavenowbecomeawayforeveryonetocelebratetheendofanothergrowingseason.it'sjustsomethingfuntodotogetherafterharvest.Thisneighborhoodhasalwaysbeenclose.Generationsofthesefamilieshavegrowncropsinthissoil.Raisedonthefarmswheretheylivenow,theygrewuptogetherastheireldersdidbefore.AlandKarenaretrulysuperneighbors.Everyyeartheyalsogrowabouttwoacresofcorntogiveaway.Anyonecanpicksome,orAlandKarenwillevendeliver.AndduringlongIdahowinters,everyonegathersatthefarmtoenjoyfreshcoffeeandcookies.

Thisyear'sstrawbalecreationthemeisStrawWars.AndalleyeswillbeonAlandKaren'sfarmastheircreationtakesshape.

32.WhydidDarlapaintapumpkinfaceontoastrawbale?

A.Torecyclestrawbales

B.Topleasehisneighbors

C.Tocreateanewtradition

D.Tomakeanadvertisement

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"thecreation"inParagraph2referto?

A.Thestrawbaletires