人教英语必修3新课标Unit 4 Astronomythe science of the stars单元评估检测四.docx

1、人教英语必修3新课标Unit 4 Astronomythe science of the stars单元评估检测四单元评估检测(四)第卷第一部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分60分)第一节(共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AEdmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago.He studied the observations of comets (彗星) which other scientists had made.The orbit o

2、f one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem.He could not figure it out.Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problem.However，Halley had a friend named Isaac Newton，who was a brilliant mathematician.Newton thought he had already worked out that problem，but he could n

3、ot find the papers on which he had done it.He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse (椭圆形)Now Halley set to work.He figured out (解决，计算出) the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists.He made a surprising discovery.The comets that had appeared in the

4、 years 1531，1607，and 1682 all had the same orbit.Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart.This seemed very strange to Halley.Three different comets followed the same orbit.The more Halley thought about it，the more he thought that there had not been three different comets，as people thought

5、.He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times.The comet had gone away and had come back again.It was an astonishing idea！Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction (预言) of what would happen in the future.He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 y

6、ears to go before Halleys prediction could be tested.In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky.Halley did not see it，for he had died some years before.Ever since then that comet had been called Halleys comet，in his honour.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了科学家埃德蒙哈雷及其发现。1Edmund Halley figured out the orbit of_Asome different

7、comets appearing several timesBthe same comet appearing at different timesCthree different comets appearing three timesDseveral comets appearing at the same time解析：选B。从文章第四段中的“He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times.”和上段中看到的彗星时间分别是1531年、1607年、1682年得知，B项为正确答案。2Halley made a su

8、rprising，but correct prediction in the year_A1704 B1705 C1706 D1707解析：选B。通过文中倒数第二段的“He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halleys prediction could be tested.”可计算出。3This passage in general is about_AHalley and other scientistsBthe orbit of a cometCN

9、ewton and HalleyDHalley and his discovery解析：选D。文章的中心就是讲埃德蒙哈雷以及他的发现，所以选D项，A、B、C三项均不是文章的中心所在，可排除。BThe earth is the only planet that scientists are certain has life.What does the earth have that the other planets dont ? For one thing，the earth has just the right temperature.As the_third_planet from the

10、 sun，the earth seems to be just the right distance away.The planets that are closer to the sun are so hot that their surfaces bake in the sun.The farthest planets are cold balls.When the earth developedwhich scientists believe may have happened about billions of years agomany gases covered the earth

11、.The gases caused the earth to be hot.But something wonderful happened.The temperature was just right for thick clouds to form.It rained very hard for a very long time.This gave the earth its oceans.Water made it possible for plants to grow.The plants created oxygen in the atmosphere.Oxygen is the g

12、as that humans and animals breathe.Only one other planet in the solar system seems to be something like the earth.That planet is Mars.Mars is smaller than the earth，and it is quite a bit cooler.But it is not too cold for humans.On some days，the temperatures are as cold as a winter day in the norther

13、n United States.If you wore a special space suit，you could walk around on Mars.You would have to bring your own air to breathe，though.The air on Mars is too thin to breathe.Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system.It is sixteen miles high.The highest volcano on the earth is five miles high.T

14、he most unexpected sight on Mars is driedup river beds.Scientists believe that Mars was once much wetter than it is now.Does this mean there could have been living things on Mars? Scientists are not sure，but there has been no sign so far.【解题导语】本文介绍了地球的情况和与其有相似之处的火星。4It is the_on the earth that makes

15、 life possible.AtemperatureBwaterCoxygenDtemperature，water and oxygen解析：选D。文章第一段和第二段提到了温度、水和氧气对人类生存的必要性，故选D。5The underlined phrase“the third planet”means“ _”Athe sun Bthe earthCthe moon DMars解析：选B。根据短语所在句子可以看出“the third planet”指的是“the earth”。6Which planet in the solar system is most like the earth?A

16、Mars. BMoon.CSun. DMars and Moon.解析：选A。由第三段的第一、二句可知。7The best title of the passage should be _ALiving Things on Our EarthBThe MoonCLiving Things on the MoonDMars Is Most Like the Earth解析：选D。文章前两段讲了地球之所以适合人生存的原因，后两段讲了火星上的一些情况，故D项适合作标题。CIf you look for a book as a present for a child.You will be spoil

17、ed for choice even in a year when there is no new Harry Patten JK Powlings wizard.The past decade has been a harvest for good childrens books，which has set off a large quantity of films and an increased sales of classics such as The lard of the Rings.Yet despite that，reading is increasingly unpopula

18、r among children.According to statistics in 1997，23% said they didnt like reading in all.In 2003，35% did.And around 6% of children leave primary school each year unable to read properly.Maybe the decline is caused by the increasing availability of computer games.Maybe the books boom has affected onl

19、y the top of the educational pile.Either way，Chancellor Cordon Brown plans to change things for the bottom of the class.In his prebudget report，he announced the national project of Reading Recovery to help the children struggling most.Reading Recovery is aimed at sixyearolds，who receive four months

20、of individual daily halfhour classes with a specially trained teacher.An evaluation either this year reported that children on the school made 20 months progress in just one year，whereas similarly weak readers without special help made just five months progress，and so ended the year even further bel

21、ow the level expected for their age.International research tends to find that when British children leave primary school they read well，but read text often for fun than those elsewhere.Reading for fun matters because children who are keep on reading can report lifelong pleasure and loving books is a

22、n excellent indicator of future educational success.According to the OECD，being a regular and enthusiastic reader is of great advantage.【解题导语】本文主要讲述许多儿童不喜欢读书，针对这件事，介绍了一种提高儿童读书的方法。8Which of the following is TRUE of Paragraph 1?AMany childrens books have been adapted from films.BMany highquality child

23、rens books have been published.CThe sales of classics have led to the popularity of films.DThe sales of presents for children have increased.解析：选B。段落大意题。第一段主要讲述了许多好的儿童书籍已经被出版了。9Statistics suggested that_Athe number of top students increased with the use of computersBa decreasing number of children s

24、howed interest in readingCa minority of primary school children read properlyDa huge percentage of children read regularly解析：选B。推理判断题。从第二段所给出的数据可判断B正确。10Reading for fun is important because bookloving children_Atake greater advantage of the projectBshow the potential to enjoy a long lifeCare likely

25、to succeed in their educationDwould make excellent future researchers解析：选C。细节理解题。从第五段倒数第二句话loving books is an excellent indicator of future educational success可看出C正确。11The aim of this text would probably be_Ato overcome primary school pupils reading difficultyBto encourage the publication of more ch

26、ildrens booksCto remind children of the importance of reading for funDto introduce a way to improve early children reading解析：选D。主旨大意题。写这篇文章的目的就是就儿童不愿意读书的问题来介绍一种提高儿童读书的方法。DDid you ever look up at the moon and think you saw a mans face there? When the moon is round and full，the shadows of the moon mou

27、ntains and the lines of the moon valleys sometimes seem to show a giant nose and mouth and eyes.At least，some people think so.If there were a man on the mooninstead of mountains and valleys that just look like the face of a manwhat would he be like?He would not be like anyone you know.He would not b

28、e like anyone anybody knows.If the man on the moon were bothered by too much heat or cold the way Earth people are，he could not stay on the moon.The moon becomes very，very hot.It becomes as hot as boiling water.And the moon becomes very，very cold.It becomes colder than ice.Whatever part of the moon

29、the sun shines on is hot and bright.The rest of the moon is cold and dark.If the man on the moon had to breathe to stay alive，he couldnt live on the moon because theres no air there.(Hed have to carry an oxygen tank，as astronauts do.)Theres no food on the moon，either.Nothing growsnot even weeds.If t

30、he man on the moon liked to climb mountains，he would be very happy.There are many high places there，such as the raised land around the holes，or craters，of the moon.Some of these rims are as tall as Earths highest mountains.But if the man on the moon liked to swim，he would be unhappy.There is no wate

31、r on the moonjust dust and rock.When you think of what its like on the moon，you may wonder why it interests our scientists.One reason is that the moon is Earths nearest neighborit is the easiest place in space to get to.Going back and forth between the moon and Earth，astronauts will get a lot of pra

32、ctice in space travel.Things learned on moon trips will be of great help to astronauts who later take long，long trips to some of the planets.Scientists are also interested in the moon because it has no air.The air that surrounds Earth cuts down the view of the scientists who look at the stars through telescopes.A telescope on