最新高考英语 阅读理解试题含答案.docx

1、最新高考英语 阅读理解试题含答案最新高考英语 阅读理解试题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 People have grown taller over the last century, with South Korean women shooting up by more than 20cm on average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5cm. A global study looked at the average height of 18-year-olds in 200 countries between 1914 and 2014. The

2、results show that while Swedes were the tallest people in the world in 1914, Dutch men have risen from 12th place to claim top spot with an average height of 182.5cm. Latvian women, meanwhile, rose from 28th place in 1914 to become the tallest in the world a century later, with an average height of

3、169.8cm. James Bentham, a co-author of the research from Imperial College, London, says the global trend is likely to be due to improvements in nutrition and healthcare. An individuals genetics has a big influence on their height, but once you average over whole populations, genetics plays a less ke

4、y role, he added. A little extra height brings a number of advantages, says Elio Riboli of Imperial College. Being taller is associated with longer life expectancy, he said. This is largely due to a lower risk of dying of cardiovascular(心血管的)disease among taller people. But while height has increase

5、d around the world, the trend in many African countries causes concern, says Riboli. While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing among 18-year-olds. One reason for these decreases in height is the economic s

6、ituation in the 1980s,said Alexander Moradi of the University of Sussex. The nutritional and health crises that followed the policy of structural adjustment, he says, led to many children and teenagers failing to reach their full potential(潜力)in terms of height. Bentham believes the global trend of

7、increasing height has important implications How tall we are now is strongly influenced by the environment we grew up in, he said. If we give children the best possible start in life now, they will be healthier and more productive for decades to come.（1）What does the global study tell us about peopl

8、es height in the last century? A.The increase in peoples height has been quickening.B.The increase in womens height is bigger than in mens.C.There is a remarkable difference across continents.D.There has been a noticeable increase in most countries.（2）What does Elio Riboli say about taller people? A

9、.They enjoy an easier life.B.They tend to live longer.C.They risk fewer deadly diseases.D.They have greater expectations in life.（3）What does the underlined word reversed in Paragraph 5 mean? A.Slowed down.B.Gone upwards.C.Changed to the contrary.D.Come to life again.（4）What does James Bentham sugge

10、st we do? A.Ensure childrens proper nutrition and healthcare.B.Improve the economic situation of some countries.C.Watch the global trend of increasing height closely.D.Attach great importance to environmental protection.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，全球研究调查了上个世纪人们平均身高增长了的结论。全球身高增长的趋势有着重要的影响。

11、我们现在的身高很大程度上受到我们成长环境的影响。如果我们现在给孩子们最好的人生开端，他们在未来几十年里会更健康，更年富力强。作者建议我们要确保孩子们的营养和医疗保健。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”People have grown taller over the last century, with South Korean women shooting up by more than 20cm on average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5cm. A global study looked at the average height of 18-ye

12、ar-olds in 200 countries between 1914 and 2014.“在过去的一个世纪里，人们的身高不断增长，韩国女性的平均身高增加了20厘米以上，伊朗男性的平均身高增加了16.5厘米。一项全球研究调查了1914年至2014年间200个国家18岁青年的平均身高。可知，这项全球研究调查了1914年到2014年200个国家18岁年轻人的平均身高，得出了上个世纪人们平均身高增长了的结论。故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”Being taller is associated with longer life expectancy“可知，身材更高的人平均寿命更长。故

13、选B。 （3）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的”While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century“而在20世纪早期，乌干达和尼日尔的身高有所增加；以及”with height decreasing among 18-year-olds.“在18岁的人群中，随着身高的下降。可知，reversed的意思是反转。故选C。 （4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的”If we give children the best possible start in life now, they will be health

14、ier and more productive for decades to come.“如果我们现在给孩子们最好的人生开端，他们在未来的几十年里会更健康，更年富力强。可知，他建议我们要确保孩子们的营养和医疗保健。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Attitudes toward new technologies often fall along generational lines. That is, generally, younger people ten

15、d to outnumber older people on the front end of a technological change. It is not always the case, though. When you look at attitudes toward driverless cars, there doesnt seem to be a clear generational divide. The public overall is split on whether theyd like to use a driverless car. In a study las

16、t year, of all people surveyed, 48 percent said they wanted to ride in one, while 50 percent did not. The fact that attitudes toward self-driving cars appear to be so steady across generations suggests how transformative the change to driverless cars could be. Not everyone wants a driverless car now

17、-and no one can get one yetbut among those who are open to them, every age group is similarly involved. Actually, this isnt surprising. Whereas older generations are sometimes reluctant to adopt new technologies, driverless cars promise real value to these age groups in particular. Older adults, esp

18、ecially those with limited mobility or difficulty driving on their own are one of the classic use-cases for driverless cars. This is especially interesting when you consider that younger people are generally more interested in travel-related technologies than older ones. When it comes to driverless

19、cars, differences in attitude are more pronounced based on factors not related to age. College graduates, for example, are particularly interested in driverless cars compared with those who have less education: 59 percent of college graduates said they would like to use a driverless car compared wit

20、h 38 percent of those with a high-school diploma or less. Where a person lives matters, too. More people who lived in cities and suburbs said they wanted to try driverless cars than those who lived in rural areas. While theres reason to believe that interest in self-driving cars is going up across t

21、he board, a persons age will have little to do with how self-driving cars can become mainstream. Once driverless cars are actually available for sale, the early adopters will be the people who can afford to buy them.（1）What happens when a new technology appears? A.It farther widens the gap between t

22、he old and the young.B.It usually draws different reactions from different age groups.C.It often leads to innovations in other related fields.D.It contributes greatly to the advance of society as a whole.（2）What does the author say about the driverless car? A.It will not necessarily reduce road acci

23、dents.B.It has given rise to unrealistic expectations.C.It does not seem to create a generational divide.D.It may start a revolution in the car industry.（3）Why does the driverless car appeal to some old people? A.It adds to the safety of their travel.B.It saves their energy.C.It arouses their intere

24、st in life.D.It helps with their mobility.（4）What is likely to affect ones attitude toward the driverless car? A.The location of their residence.B.The amount of training they received.C.The length of their driving experience.D.The field of their special interest.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明

25、文，介绍了老年人和年轻人对无人驾驶汽车的态度上并没有表现出明显的代沟以及影响人们对无人驾驶汽车的态度的几个因素。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的generally, younger people tend to outnumber older people on the front end of a technological change.可知，一般来说，在技术变革的前沿，年轻人往往比老年人多，由此可知，新技术的出现通常会引起不同年龄组的不同反应，故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的generally, younger people tend to outnumber older

26、 people on the front end of a technological change. It is not always the case, though. When you look at attitudes toward driverless cars, there doesnt seem to be a clear generational divide.可知，一般来说，在技术变革的前沿，年轻人往往比老年人多，不过，情况并不总是这样，当你看到人们对无人驾驶汽车的态度时，似乎并没有明显的代沟，故选C。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的driverless cars pro

27、mise real value to these age groups in particular. Older adults, especially those with limited mobility or difficulty driving on their own are one of the classic use-cases for driverless cars.可知，无人驾驶汽车尤其能为老年人带来真正的价值，老年人，特别是那些行动不便或独自驾驶困难的人，是无人驾驶汽车的典型使用案例之一，由此可知，无人驾驶汽车对一些老年人有吸引力是因为它有助于他们的行动，故选D。 （4）考查

28、细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的Where a person lives matters, too. More people who lived in cities and suburbs said they wanted to try driverless cars than those who lived in rural areas.可知，一个人居住的地方也会影响他对无人驾驶汽车的态度，住在城市和郊区的人比住在农村的人更愿意尝试无人驾驶汽车，故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案

29、。3阅读理解 Nhon Ly, a 55-year-old Vietnamese-born professional bodybuilder from California has been awarded the real-life Master Roshi for his unbelievable similarity to the popular Dragon Ball Z anime(日本动漫) character. Ly certainly doesnt look like any other typical 55-year-old man. In fact, he looks a

30、lot better than most guys in their 20s, with his lean(瘦且健康的), strong muscles and youthful attitude. But hes absolutely not the only 50-something man who has the strong muscle in the world. What really sets Nhon Ly apart from all the rest is his unbelievable similarity to Dragon Ball Z character Mast

31、er Roshi, also known as the Turtle Hermit, in his final form. And he apparently liked the comparison so much that he even set his Instagram handle as master_ roshi_ real_ life. According to Madness Media, Ly immigrated to the United States in 1980, at the age of 16. He got a job as a pedicurist(修脚师)

32、 at a nail salon, and worked his way up to salon owner. Although he has achieved so much, bodybuilding has always been his biggest love. He has competed in several professional bodybuilding events, with his most notable results being the 4th place at the 2011 US Championship, the 7th place at the 2012 edition, and the 5th place at the 2015 Nation