最新 高考英语 阅读理解专题练习附答案50.docx

1、最新 高考英语 阅读理解专题练习附答案50最新 高考英语 阅读理解专题练习(附答案)50一、高中英语阅读理解1（2019浙江）阅读理解 California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor（因素）. The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on mo

2、re than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in pa

3、rts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent. Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick Mclntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California

4、forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources（资源）. But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, Mclntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands

5、 protected from woodcutting or development. The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taki

6、ng into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt（融雪）. Since the 1930s, Mclntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, w

7、hich reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.（1）What is the second paragraph mainly about? A.The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.B.The increasing variety of California big trees.C.The distribution of big trees in California forests.D.The influence of farming on b

8、ig trees in California.（2）Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees? A.Ecological studies of forests.B.Banning woodcutting.C.Limiting housing development.D.Fire control measures.（3）What is a major cause of the water shortage according to Mclntyre? A.Inadequate snowmelt.

9、B.A longer dry season.C.A warmer climate.D.Dampness of the air.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Californias Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?B.Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon.C.Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?D.Patrick Mclntyre:

10、 Grow More Big Trees in California【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文属于议论文，围绕加利福尼亚的大树从20世纪30年代以来大量减少为主题，探讨出现这一现象的原因。 （1）段落大意题。第二段第一句 The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests 为主题句，意思是：在4.6万平方英里的加利福尼亚的森林中，直径超过2英尺的树木

11、的数量已经减少了50%。所以本段主要介绍加州的树木损失的严重情况，故答案为A。（2）细节理解题。题干中的 well-intentioned 意为“好意的”。根据第三段描述：伐木者对大树的砍伐、住房向森林里推进、对野火的控制使得小树与大树竞争资源都是导致大树减少的原因。控制野火的初衷是保护森林，但是却导致大树得不到足够的资源而死亡。故答案为D。（3）细节理解题 。将 water shortage 定位在第五段，而 Mclntyre 在最后一段，根据 the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising

12、temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air 可知，导致水源紧张的是上升的温度，造成树木将更多的水分散失到空气中。故答案为C。（4）主旨大意题。文章的第一句是本文的主题句，文章围绕加利福尼亚大量的大树死亡展开，对大树数量减少的原因进行研究。故答案为A。【点评】本文属于生态环保类文章，文章的首段第一句即为本文的主题句。阅读是紧扣主旨，快速浏览文章内容。答题时注意根据问题中的关键词在文章中定位，然后分析关键词所在句子的信息。2阅读理解 Our plan was to drive into Cambridge, catch

13、 the 7:34 train to Liverpool Street Station, then to separate and meet again for lunch. We should have arrived at Liverpool at 9:19, but due to a typical London fog, the train had to move along so slowly that it was not until 10:30 that it got there. In spite of our late arrival, Joan, my wifes sist

14、er, decided that she would go to see the Crown Jewels in the Tower of London while we went shopping. It was only after her sister had disappeared into the fog that my wife realized that we hadnt decided where we should meet for lunch. Since I had our three tickets for the concert in my pocket, this

15、was indeed a problem. There seemed to be nothing we could do except taking a taxi to the Tower of London, and try to find her there. Needless to say, we didnt find her. It was now one oclock, and the concert began at 2:30. Perhaps she will think of waiting outside the concert hall, suggested my wife

16、 hopefully. By this time the fog was so thick that road traffic had to stop, and the only way to get there was by underground railway. Hand in hand we felt our way along the road to where we thought the nearest station should be. An hour later we were still trying to find it. Just as I was about to

17、lose my temper completely when we met a blind man tapping his way confidently through the fog. With his help we found Tower Hill tube station just fifty yards down the road. By now it was far too late even to try to get to the concert hall before the performance began at 2:30, so we decided to retur

18、n to Cambridge. It took seven long hours instead of the usual two to make that journey. Nor were we able to get any food and drink on the train. Tired and hungry we finally reached home at ten, opening the door to the sound of the telephone bell. It was Joan; she had seen the Crown Jewels, had manag

19、ed to get another ticket for concert, and had had a wonderful dinner at a restaurant near the hotel where she decided to stay for the night. Now she was ringing to discover whether we had had an equally successful day.（1）Why was Joan separated from her sister and her brother-in-law? A.they could not

20、 see each other because of the fog.B.Joan had not seen Crown Jewels.C.They planned to do different things until lunch time.D.The writer didnt want to go to the concert.（2）What did the writer plan to do in the afternoon? A.Go to the concert.B.See the Crown Jewels.C.Return to Cambridge.D.Go shopping.（

21、3）The reason why they didnt all meet for lunch was that _. A.They lost their way in the fogB.they forgot to make necessary arrangementC.they waited at different places and didnt meet each otherD.the couple couldnt find the underground station（4）Its quite clear that for Joan the trip to London had be

22、en _. A.spilt by the fogB.quite tiringC.rather disappointingD.very enjoyable【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者一伙人到伦敦游玩的故事。由于安排不当，导致当天的活动很是混乱。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Our plan was to drive into Cambridge, catch the 7:34 train to Liverpool Street Station, then to separate and meet again for lunch”

23、可知，他们分开的原因在于他们决定各自做自己的事情，然后中午午餐时相聚。故选C。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Since I had our three tickets for the concert in my pocket, this was indeed a problem”，可知作者计划去听音乐会。故选A。 （3）细节理解。根据第一段中的“It was only after her sister had disappeared into the fog that my wife realized that we hadnt decided where we should meet

24、 for lunch. ”可知此前他们并没有做好安排。故导致午饭时没能聚到一起。故选B。 （4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“It was Joan; she had seen the Crown Jewels, had managed to get another ticket for concert, and had had a wonderful dinner at a restaurant near the hotel where she decided to stay for the night”可知Joan玩得很尽兴。故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇故事类

25、阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 It seems were always being told to get more sleep. Studies suggest spending less time on sleep can lead to obesity(肥胖) and even cancer. You might even find yourself with a head full of false memories. But rarely does science explore the dark side of sleeping too

26、 much. Thats because few of us in todays busy world have the luck of exploring that option. In an August 2018 study, published in the Journal of the American Heart Association, researchers researched the sleep patterns of those fortunate few and found they may not be so lucky after all. In fact, the

27、y found people who get more than eight hours of sleep have greater health risk compared to those who sleep together less than seven hours. Whats more, sleep-aholics-those who manage to get 10 hours a night-stand a 30 percent higher chance of dying compared to the seven-hour crowd. The wide-ranging g

28、lobal study involved(涉及) more than three million people who self-reported on their sleep habits and came to an eye-opening conclusion: If you tend to sleep a lot, you may want to buy an alarm clock. As with all things in life, sleep is best taken in moderation(适度). You may be thinking: What if I onl

29、y sleep in on Saturday and Sunday, am I still at risk? The answer is yes, according to a 2019 study published in Current Biology. Researchers discovered that even if a person sleeps more than seven hours on the weekends but still sleeps less than that on weeknights, they are at risk of gaining weigh

30、t and developing sensitivity to insulin, which controls the level of sugar in blood. For the study, 36 participants were divided into three groups that each had a different sleep schedule: nine hours every night, five hours every night, and five hours from Monday to Friday and sleeping much on weeke

31、nds. People who get too much sleep tend to feel tired and lack energy. Also, both sleep-deprived(睡眠不足的) groups consume more food and gain weight.（1）Why is the harmful effect of sleeping too much seldom studied? A.Few people have time to sleep too much.B.Lack of sleep causes much more harm.C.It turns out to be a healthy sleep pattern.D.Peoples health has nothing to do with it.（2）What does the underlined words those fortunate few in paragraph 2 ref