宾语从句专项练习及答案.docx

1、宾语从句专项练习及答案宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化 that 引，一般疑问句用 if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。一、基本讲解1.概念: 在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。宾 语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接代词 / 副词+主语+谓语+其他成分eg, He said he was good at drawing. （ 动词宾语 ）He asks him how long Mike has been down . （ 动词宾语 ）Miss Zhang

2、is angry at what you said. （ 介词宾语 ）2.连接词（1） 陈述句转化成宾语从句时， 引导词用 that, that 引导的宾语从句 （在非正式场合 that 可以省略） 可跟 that 从句做宾语的动词有：say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, p

3、refer, request, require, propose, declare, report 等。eg:The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. She told me（ that） she would like to go with us.在以下情况中 that 不能省略1、当句中的动词后接多于两个由 that 引导的宾语从句时，第一个 that 可省，但后面的 that 不可 省。I believe （ that ） you have done your best and that thi

4、ngs will get better 2、当主句的谓语动词与 that 宾语从句之间有插入语时， that 一般不可省。Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.3、当 that 从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时， that 不可省。I can t tell him that his mother died.4、当 it 作形式宾语时 例句： She made it clear that she had nothing

5、 to do with him 许多带复合宾语的句子， that 引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用 it 作形式宾语。等动词的宾语5、当宾语从句前置时 That our team will win ，I believe 6、当 that 作 learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold时;(2)以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句 , 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语 从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to L

6、i Lei . 注意：一般情况下， whether 和 if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外。a.当从句做介词的宾语是只用 whether 不用 if eg, We are talking about whether well go on the pinic.b.引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时， 只用 whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next.Could you tell me whether u go ornot?c.只能用 if 不能用 whether 引导的宾语从句 ,if 当如果讲时， 引导的是条件状语从句， 这时不能 用 whe

7、ther.1、 if 引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.2、 if 引导否定概念的宾语从句时He asked if I didn t come to school yesterday.3、 引导状语从句 even if (即使)和 as if (好象)时He talks as if he has known all about it.(3). 特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。E.g. Could you tell me whats the matterwrong

8、with you?特殊情况：当 do you think 后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词 do you think 陈述句语序。(4). 连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动 词常常是： see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise 等。连接代词 ：who,whom,whose,wh

9、ich,what, 在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。 连接代词一般指疑问 , 但 what, whatever 除了指疑问外 , 也可以指陈述 .Do you know who has won Red Alert game? 你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏么？The book will show you what the best CEOs should know. 这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么 .Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone? 你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉

10、的电话了吗 ?连接副词有 ： when,where,why,how，在句中担任状语的成分。He didn t tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面Could you please tell me how you use the new panel? 你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗 ?None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到 .3.宾语从句时态a. 当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选

11、用相 应的时态。例如： eg.Do you know (if/whether he has seen the film )?b. 当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。eg.I didnt know ( if/whether he had seen the film. )注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：He said (that the earth moves round the sun.) The teacher told us (that light travelsmuch faster than soun

12、d. )4.、人称的变化和标点的使用a. 从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的 宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：“ May I use your knife ？”He asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife.“ Do you know her telephone number ？”He asked me. He asked me if I know hertelephone number.b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：Who will

13、 give us a talk? I don t know. I don t know who will give us a talk.Do you know ？Where does he live? Do you know where he lives?二、宾语从句的转化1.2. 当主句谓语动词是 hope，wish ，decide ，forget ，plan ， agree 等，且主句主语与从句主语相 同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。eg, She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to helpme with m

14、y maths.2. 当主句的谓语动词是 know, learn, forget, remember, decide 等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词不定式结构” 。eg:I dont know which sweater I should buy . I dont know which sweater to buy.3. 当主句的谓语动词是 ask ，tell, show, teach 等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词不定式结构” ,或者在连接代词 / 副词 引导的宾语从句中，当从句

15、主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词 / 副词 不定式”结构。如： Could you tell me how to get to the park?4.当主句谓语动词是 find ，see，watch ，hear 等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语宾补”结构， 宾补为不带 to 的不定式或 V-ing 形式She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. She found the walletlie/lying on the ground.附：运用虚拟语气的情况在表示建议 suggest 、advise 、 p

16、ropose; 要求 demand 、desire 、 request ；决定 decide; 命令 order 、command、require; 坚决主张 insist; 等动词后跟宾语从句，用（ should ）+v（虚拟语气）Eg： I suggested that you （should ）study hard He ordered that we should go out at once 虚拟语气的用法 虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，虚拟语气 所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。虚拟语气的用法：1） 虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示祝愿，命令。

17、如：May you be happy. 祝你幸福。May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩得痛快。May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！You go out ！ 你出去！2） 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中：动词 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose, 等词后面的宾语从 句表示的是一种虚拟语气，宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望、要求。如：I wish she would be on my side. 我希望她能站在我一

18、边。I wish I could help him. 我希望我能帮助他。He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means. 他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。动词 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 后面的从句中， should 可以省略。如：The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class. 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。He ordered that the students

19、wash the clothes every week by themselves. 他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服。3)虚拟语气用在主语从句中：在句型 It is important (necessary, strange, natural)that 中， that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用： should + 动词原形，如：Its necessary that we should have a walk now. 我们有必要出去散散步。Its natural that she should do so. 她这样做是很自然的。Its important that we should take

20、good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。4)虚拟语气用在状语从句中：虚拟语气最多地用在表示条件的状语从句和表示结果的从句中。 在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时，动词有三种时态形式，即现在、过去和将来。A与现在事实相反的： If I (we,you,he,they)+ 动词过去式 . if I (he,she) were. I (we) should + 动词原形。 He (you,they) would + 动词原形。B与过去事实相反的： If I(we,you,he,they)+ had + 过去分词 I(we)should + have+ 过去 分词。 H

21、e (you,they) would + have + 过去分词。If I were you, I should buy it. 如果我是你，我就买了它。If I had time, I would study French. 如果我有时间，我会学习法语的。If she knew English,she would not ask me for help. 如果她懂英语的话，她不会找我帮忙的。If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train. 如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车的。If it were fine tomorrow,

22、I would go shopping. 如果明天天气好，我就去买东西。明白了虚拟语气的用法就会明白什么时候需要用虚拟语气了，在表示说话人的一种愿望，假设， 怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，或表示的含义不是客观存在的事实时需要用虚拟语气。宾语从句专项习题巩固练习1.Have you decided for Australia?A.when will you leave B. when do you leaveC. you will leave when D. when you will leave2.Can you tell me ?A.where does Tom live B. where Tom

23、 lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives3.The old man asked me .A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema4.Ithink you will like him. A. that B. if C. why D. how5.Ididn t know he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how6

24、.Iwonder .A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes costC. how much these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost7.She asked me . A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is8.Ask him _.A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup9.Id

25、on t know .A. what time the movie starts B. what time starts the movieC. the time to start the movie D. the movie what time starts10.The doctor asked me how long .A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill11.The weather forecast doesn t say .A. if it rains tomorrow B. if do

26、es it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow12.Do you know ?A. whose pen is this B. whose pen this isC. whom does the pen belong to D. whom the pen belong to13.Could you tell me where ?A.the tape was B. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tape14.They want to know ?A.

27、where is the hospital B. how old are youC. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying15.Tony wanted to know .A. what had Father Christmas put in his stockingB.when Father Christmas had put in his stockingC.what Father Christmas had put in his stockingD.where Father Christmas had put in his s

28、tocking16.No one knows _ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not.A. when B. whether C. where D. if17.July didn t know .A. where is Tim s father B. when was the first watch madeC. who the old man is D. what was wrong with her watch18.No one told us , so we need your he

29、lp.A. how should we do B. what we should do C. what to do D. what should we do19.We don t know with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.A. how do it B. how to do C. what do it D. what to do20.He asked me .A. whether I find out the sender of the moneyB.whether did I find out the sender of th

30、e moneyC.whether the sender of the money found outD. whether I found out the sender of the money21.Did you hear ? A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say22.Can you tell me ?A. which class you are in B. which class are you inC. you are in which class D. are you in which class23.

31、-Excuse me. Could you tell me ? - Certainly.A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which stationC. which station can I get to D. how I can get to the station24.Could you tell me where yesterday?A. did you go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went25.Tom asked me .A. whose shirt was this B. whose shirt this wasC. who shirt was this D. who shirt this was26.Excuse me, could you tell me ?A. where s the teachers office B. where s the bus stationC. what s she doing D. where the post office is27.I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I don