人教版八年级上册英语知识点总结.docx

1、人教版八年级上册英语知识点总结人教版八年级上册知识点汇总Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?短语归纳go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营quite a few相当多 study for为而学习 go out出去 most of the time大部分时间taste good尝起来很好吃 have a good time玩得高兴 of course当然 in th

2、e past在过去feel like给的感觉；感受 go shopping去购物 walk around四处走走 because of因为one bowl of 一碗 the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出；查明 go on继续 take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 come up出来 buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 taste + adj. 尝起来 look+adj. 看起来 nothingbut+动词原形 除了之外什么都没有seem+（to

3、 be）+ adj. 看起来 arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地decide to do sth.决定去做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事Why

4、not do. sth.?为什么不做呢？ so+adj.+that+从句 如此以至于tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事语法讲解1. go on vacation 度假 vacation相当于holiday，但vacation表示长的假期。4. something interesting有趣的东西1）something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代词。somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone是指人的不定代词。somewhere，anywhere

5、，nowhere，everywhere是指地点的不定代词。2）当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词时，放于其后； something special; somewhere wonderful.3）不定代词、不定副词做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：Is everybody here? 大家都到齐了吗？ 4）something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。如：Did you do anything interesting? 你做了有趣的事吗

6、？（表疑问）Why dont you visit someone with me? 你为什么不跟我一起去拜访下某个人呢？（表建议）If anything happens, please tell me. 如果有事情发生，请告诉我。6. buy sth. for sb. 或 buy sb. sth 如： buy some books for me. = buy me some books.7.提建议的句子： 8. ride bicycles 骑自行车What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping?Why dont you

7、 + do sth.? 如：Why dont you go shopping?Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping?Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shoppingShall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?13. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive 都是“到达“的意思get to+地点=reach+地点= arrive at+地点（小）=arrive in+地点（大）注意：若他们后面要加地点副词here, there, home等，则不需要加介词。14.noth

8、ing.but.意为“除.之外； 只有”，如：I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我整天除了看电视什么也没干。15. feel like 意为：“感受到；摸起来”，后跟宾语从句或名词。如：I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉我是一只鸟。另外，构成短语 feel like doing sth.意为“想做某事”。如：I feel like eating.我想吃东西。16. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做;乐意做enjoy oneself 过得愉快 =have fun/have a good time.19

9、. I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的(n): 奇迹；令人惊讶的事情 如：No wonder! 难怪；不足为奇！wonder (v) 惊讶 如：wonder at sth. ; wonder to do sth.感到疑惑；想知道 如：I wonder where they are going.20. few与little 的区别：肯定否定许多可数a fewfewquite a few/not a few不可数a littlelittlequite a little/ not a little如：There

10、 is little sugar in the bottle. Can you get some?Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然没有人感到烦闷。1）seem意为“好像；似乎；看来”，是个连系动词，构成的短语有：seem to do sth. 好像做某事 如： They seem to wait for you. 他们似乎在等你。seem（to be）+adj. 似乎. 如： He seemed ( to be) ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎病了。It seems that + 从句 似乎. 如： It seems that he was il

11、l yesterday. 昨天他似乎病了。其他表示状态的系动词有：feel(觉得）; keep（保持）;stay（保持）;look（看来像.）;smell（闻起来）sound（听起来）taste（尝起来）2） bored (adj)，意为“感到厌倦的、无聊的”,其主语是某人；boring(adj)，意为“令人厌倦的、无聊的”其主语是某物。 如：I got bored with the boring work. 我对这无聊的工作感到厌倦。相类似的词语还有interested/ tired/ excited/ amazed/surprisedinteresting/ tiring/ excitin

12、g/ amazing/surprising22. decide（v）决定 decide to (not) do sth. = make a decision (not) to do sth.decision(n) decide on doing sth. 决定做某事如：Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经决定去北京。23. Because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below.1） because of + 名词/代词/名短 I had to move because of my jo

13、b. 因为工作的原因because +从句 如：I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。2）below意为“在.下面;低于”，其反义词为 above，意为“在.上面；高于”24. 形容词/副词enough 如：wet/quietly enough足够漂亮enough enough 名词如：enough umbrellas 足够的雨伞足够 (形/副)enough+ (名) to do sth. 足够去做如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。She is not old enough to go t

14、o school. 她年龄不够，不能去上学。同义句： She is too young to go to school. (too to :太 而不能)She is so young that she cant go to school.如此以致于（结果）25. so+形/副+that 从句：She is so popular that everyone likes her.such such+名短+ that 从句：She is such a popular girl that. so that 从句：结果（为了） 如：He gets up early so that he can catc

15、h the early bus.26. 反身代词：myself/yourself/itself/herself/himself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves如：The child (herself) usually wears the clothes (herself).27What a difference a day makes! 一天的差异多大啊！make a difference in：对有影响感叹句的结构1. What a/an + adj.+ n(单)+主+谓！或 What + adj. +n（复不）+主+谓！2. How+ adj. +主+谓（联

16、系动词）！或 How + adv+主+谓（实义动词）！28. I just stayed at homemost of the time to read and relax.Unit2 How often do you exercise?短语归纳help with housework帮助做家务 on weekends在周末 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不 once a week每周一次 twice a month每月两次 every day每天 be free有空 go to the movies去看电影 use the Internet用互联网 swing dan

17、ce摇摆舞 play tennis打网球 stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚 at least至少 have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课 go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动 be good for对有好处 go camping去野营notat all一点儿也不 in ones free time在某人的业余时间 the most popular最受欢迎的such as比如；诸如 old habits die hard积习难改 go to the dentist去看牙医morn than多于；超过 less than

18、少于 help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 How about? .怎么样？/ 好不好？ want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事 How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？ 有多少?主语+find+that从句. 发现 spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光Its+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的的。 ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事by doing sth. 通过做某事 Whats your favorite?你最喜爱的是什么？the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式语法讲解1. exerci

19、se （v/n）的用法1）（动）:锻炼. 如： He exercises every day.2) (可数名词)：“.操;练习”. 如：do morning/ eye exercises; do math exercises(不可数名词):“锻炼;运动”讲：如： We often do / take exercise on weekends.2. -How often do you usually go shopping? Sometimes/Twice a week. 有时候/一周两次.1) go shopping 意为“去购物”。Go+ v- ing : 表示进行某项活动。如：Go swi

20、mming/ shopping/skating/skiing/fishing/climbing/hiking2)频率副词：always=all the time, usually, often, sometimes=at times , hardly ever, never(1).sometimes: 有时候；sometime：某时；some times：许多次/倍; some time: 一段时间hard(2). hardly(adv): 几乎不 硬的；困难的；严厉的；勤奋的 a hard writer努力地； 猛烈地 study/rain hard3）how often表示“多久一次”，是

21、对动作的频率进行提问。其回答通常有：频率副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, neverhow often 次数时间段: 如：once or twice a weekevery 时间段: every day (每天) 区别：everyday（每天的；日常的）注意：表示“一次或两次”时，一般用once和twice表示。如：once a month(一个月一次)而表示“三次或以上”时，则用“数词times”结构。如：five times a year (一年五次)4）由how构成的疑问词组的用法“多少”howmany+ 可数名词复数

22、 如：how many programshowmuch+不可数名词 如：how much coffee但how much=whats the price of.? 还有“多少钱”的意思 如：Howmucharethosepants?how many times: “多少次”. 其答语表示次数。如：once ,twice，three times等How old.? 询问年龄 如：How old are you? I am five.“how long?” (4) 多久(时间) 常用 for two days，for three hours等回答。 多长（某物的长度） 如：-How long is

23、 the river? - 10 kms.(5)how soon 用来询问过多久，多久以后，其答语是in two hours，in three days等。如：How soon wil he come back？ In an hour。3. “空闲的”：Are you free tonight? 4. at least 至少 at most 最多be free “自由的”： a free country freedom(n) 5. stay up 熬夜“免费的”： work for free. 6. junk food 垃圾食品full5. “满的；饱的” be full of : The b

24、ottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水。“忙的”=busy He had a full life6She says its good for my health. 她说那对我的健康有益。(1）be good for：“对有好处”。 如：Doing exercise is good for our health.（2）be good at：“擅长于” 如：He is good at playing football.(3) be good to sb./sth: “对好” 如：The old woman is good to us.(4) be good to do st

25、h.: “适合；宜于” 如：The water is good to drink. (5) be good with: “与相处好” 如： The teacher is good with his students.7go online = use the Internet ：上网 8. Teenager magazine 青少年杂志9. more than two hours=over two hours:超过 10. go to the dentist: 去看牙医11. keep healthy = stay healthy = keep in good health: 保持健康12. a

26、sk sb. to do : 叫做某事 Teacher asked me to clean the classroom. Ask sb. not to do sth.: 叫不要做某事 Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom. ask sb. about sth. : 问某人某事 We asked our students about their free time activities.ask sb. for sth. : 向某人要求 如：ask teacher for help13. help sb. with sth. 如：They help

27、 me with this problem. 他们帮助你解决这个问题。 help sb.（to）do. 如：They help you (to) solve this problem. 他们帮助你解决这个问题。14. (n) 惊讶: to ones surprise 令某人惊讶的是 in surprise 惊讶地surprise be surprised at sth. 对 感到意外v) 使惊奇、意外： be surprised to do sth. 惊讶做某事be surprised that + 从句如：I was surprised at the news = I was surpris

28、ed to hear the news.15. fifteen percent of the students 百分之十五的学生 16. swing dance 摇摆舞17. although(conj):“尽管；虽然”，表示转折关系，同义词有though, 不能与but同时使用。如： Although theyre neighbors, they dont play together.= Theyre neighbors, but they dont play together. 尽管他们是邻居，但是他们不在一起玩。18. maybe (adv): 也许，大概 (Maybe) he (may

29、be) knows it.May + v(原)：也许，大概 He may know it.如：Maybe he is at home.= He maybe is at home.= He may be at home.19. Its good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows.by: He learns English by singing English songs.通过 方式 He went home by bus.= He went home on the bus= He took the bus home. th

30、rough 通过 方式+ 名词： The best way to relax is through exercise （从里面）穿过： Climb through the window. 注意： 横过（从一边到另一边） walk across the street.例如20. such as =like + 名短： 如： such as winning the game.for example + 句子： 如：Its healthy for the mind and the body.21. Old habits die hard. 恶习难改. die(v):死亡；消失 death(n): 死

31、亡；dead(adj): 死的； dying(adj): 垂死的；临终的；（植）枯萎的 dying wish-遗言21. You can spend time with your friends and family as you play together.spend 度过（时间） 如：spend the weekend with family 花费（时间、钱） 如：He spent 20 yuan (in) buying the magazine.同义句：He spent 20 yuan on the magazine.He paid 20 yuan for the magazine.It took him 20 yuan to buy the magaz