普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国卷Ⅰ英语.docx

1、普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国卷英语2016普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷）英语总分数 120分 时长:不限题型简答题改错题七选五完形填空语法填空阅读理解题量111114总分251010301530一、阅读理解 （共5题 ,总计40分）1.（8 points）（2016）第一节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。A You probably know who Marie Curie was，but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding

2、ladies listed below，who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years? Jane Addams（1860-1935） Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community（社区）by creating shelters and pr

3、omoting education and services for people in need In 1931，Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Rachel Carson（1907-1964） If it werent for Rachel Carson，the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers

4、 of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans. Sandra Day OConnor（1930-present） When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School，in 1952，she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona st

5、ate senator（参议员） and，in 1981，the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court. Rosa Parks（1913-2005） On December 1，1955，in Montgomery，Alabama，Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger

6、. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgmery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year，and kicked off the civilrights movement. The only tired I was，was tired of giving in，said Parks.(1)(2 points)What is Jane Addams noted for in history？A. Her social workB. Her teachi

7、ng skillsC. Her efforts to win a prizeD. Her community background(2)(2 points)What is the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm？A. Her lack of proper training in lawB. Her little work experience in courtC. The discrimination against womenD. The poor financial conditions(3)(2 points)Who

8、made a great contribution to the civilrights movement in the US？A. Jane Addams.B. Rachel Carson.C. Sandra Day OConnor.D. Rosa Parks.(4)(2 points)What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A. They are highly educated.B. They are truly creative.C. They are pioneers.D. They are peacelovers

9、.2.（8 points）（2016）BGrandparents Answer a Call As a thirdgeneration native of Brownsville,Texas,Mildred Garza never planned move away.Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help their children,she politely refused.Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms.Garza fina

10、lly say yes.That was four years ago.Today all three generations regard the move to a success,giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities. No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to the children and grandchildren.Yet there is ev

11、idence suggesting that the trend is growing.Even President Obamas motherinlaw,Marian Robinson,has agreed to leave Chicago and into the White House to help care for her granddaughters.According to a study , 83 percent of the people said Mrs.Robinsons decision will influence the grandparents in the Am

12、erican family.Twothirds believe more families will follow the example of Obamas family. In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldnt get away from home far enough fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,says Christine Crosby,publisher of Grate magazine for grandparents.We now realize ho

13、w important family is and how important to be near them,especially when youre raining children. Moving is not for everyone.Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices,but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead.Having your

14、 grandchildren far away is hard,especially knowing your adult child is struggling,but giving up the life you know may be harder.(1)(2 points)Why was Garzas move a success?A. It strengthened her family ties.B. It improved her living conditions.C. It enabled her to make more friends.D. It helped her k

15、now more new places.(2)(2 points)What was the reaction of the public to Mrs.Robinsons decision?A. 17% expressed their support for it.B. Few people responded sympathetically.C. 83% believed it had a bad influence.D. The majority thought it was a trend.(3)(2 points)What did Crosby say about people in

16、the 1960s?A. They were unsure of themselves.B. They were eager to raise more children.C. They wanted to live away from their parents.D. They bad little respect for their grandparents.(4)(2 points)What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph?A. Make decisions in the best int

17、erestsof their own.B. Ask their children to pay more visits to them.C. Sacrifice for their struggling children.D. Get to know themselves better.3.（6 points）（2016）C I am peter Hodes,a volunteer stem cell courier.Since March 2012.Ive done 89 trips of those,51 have been abroad.I have 42 hours to carry

18、stem cells（干细胞）in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last,in all,from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor（捐献者） to the time they can be implanted in the patient,weve got 72 hours at most.So I am always conscious of time. I had one trip last year where I

19、 was caught by a hurricane in America.I picked up the stem cells in Providence,Rhode Island,and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London.But when I arrived at the checkin desk at Providence,the lady on the desk said:Well,Im really sorry,Ive got some bad news for youthere are no fights from

20、 Washington.So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said:In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patientplease,please,youve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.She just dropped everything.She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me.rerouted（改道）me th

21、rough Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled. For this courier job,youre consciously aware than that box youre got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life.(1)(2 points)Which of the following can replace the underlined word courier in Paragraph 1?A.

22、 providerB. delivery manC. collectorD. medical doctor(2)(2 points)Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours?A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.B. The donor can only wait for that long.C. The operation needs that much time.D. The ice wont last any longer.(3)(2 points)Which fl

23、ight did the woman put Peter on first?A. To LondonB. To NewarkC. To ProvidenceD. To Washington.4.（8 points）（2016）D The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful,or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornne

24、ss,uneasiness,or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap（间隙）with conversation.Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a persons needs. Many Native Americans valu

25、e silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people,just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore,when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops,what may be implied（暗示） is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said befo

26、re continuing.In these cultures,silence is a call for reflection. Other cultures may use silence in other ways,particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For example,Russian,French,and Spanish persons may use silence to show ag

27、reement between parties about the topic under discussion.However,Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use,persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect,particular

28、ly to an elder or a person in authority. Nurses and other caregeivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be expericencing.Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patients

29、 silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing（治愈） value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.(1)(2 points)What does the author say about silence in conversations?A.

30、 It implies anger.B. It promotes friendship.C. It is culturespecific.D. It is contentbased.(2)(2 points)Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?A. The Chinese.B. The French.C. The Mexicans.D. The Russians.(3)(2 points)What does the author advise nurses to do

31、about silence?A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.B. Break it while treating patients.C. Evaluate its harm to patients.D. Make use of its healing effects.(4)(2 points)What may be the best title for the text?A. Sound and SilenceB. What It Means to Be SilentC. Silence to Native AmericansD. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold5.（10 points）（2016）第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。 Secret codes （密码）keep messages private.Banks,companies,and government agencies use secret codes in doing business