历届高考英语完形填空全国卷.docx

1、历届高考英语完形填空全国卷高考完形填空专项训练步步高抓好三方面跨好三大步做好三结合 谈完形填空解题技巧 中学生在做完形填空题时存在的问题，概括起来有以下三方面：1.不善于抓文章的主旨大意， 并以此为中心展开对整篇文章的推理、 判断， 导致理解 上出现偏差，甚至和文章的中心相悻。2.容易受定势思维的影响，对文意分析不透，忽视特定语境中知识的运用。3.对完形填空题怀有厌倦、 畏惧心理， 以至做题时处于应付状态， 做题能力得不到提 高。那么，怎样才能提高做完形填空题的能力呢？我们应从以下三方面入手训练思维能 力和解题技巧：抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。并在做题过程中把这三方面与做完形 填空的三大步骤

2、“通读、精读、复读”有机结合，明确每步的思维主攻方向。即抓好三 方面，跨好三大步，做好三结合。一、通读短文抓主旨 一般情况下，完形填空短文都不给标题，不容易把握文章的主题和大意。但短文首 句通常不设空格，这就为我们窥视文章全貌提供了一个窗口，而尾句往往是文章的总结、 结论或点睛之笔，所以抓住开篇启示作用的首句和总结概括性的尾句是必要的。借助于 首尾句给予的启示，克服不良心理的影响，满怀信心，全神贯注，目光越过空格，注意 能体现文章大意的关键词句，尽力从整体上理解短文大意，这是逐空填词的重要依据和 基础。如果一开始就忙于见空填空，势必无法从整体上把握全文概要，无法形成连贯的 思路，只见树木不见森

3、林，理解偏离文章的中心，造成顾，此失彼的错误，甚至影响做 题速度。抓住了文章的主旨大意后，我们围绕主旨大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会 收到事半功倍的效果。尤其是一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项就会迎刃而 解。二、精读短文析文意 在基本抓住文章的主旨后，应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境做深人 的理解，克服“定势思维” ，根据全文大意和词不离句，句不离文的原则，逐项填空。切 不可以单纯的词汇辨析或语法角度去做题，而应以能否恰如其分地表达文意作为选择最 佳答案的唯一标准。要吃透文意，理解到位，我们应做到以下几点：1.从上下文的角度考虑，注意其内在联系。就题论题，断章取义，忽视

4、上下文的信息 提示是我们常犯的错误。因此我们在做题时要注重暗含的信息提示，找准突破口，确保 文意畅通。2.从词汇意义及用法、 惯用法和搭配的角度去考虑， 准确判断。 NMET 完形填空题中 考查词汇意义及用法、惯用法和搭配的题目逐年增多，必须结合上下文把握文意，研读 细节，准确认定语境，才能做好这类题目。3.从逻辑推理、常识等角度考虑，挖掘文章的寓意及隐含意义。尤其是 NMET 完形填空短文大都包含一定的哲理和寓意，具备深层探询的可能性，这就要求我们既要明确 表层意义，还要理解其深层含义。而结合我们已有的生活常识和社会常识去做题，则会 有意想不到的效果，因为每个人的能力不是单一的。4.从英汉两

5、种语言的差异角度去考虑， 避免错误。 因为我们在英语学习过程中往往伴 随“心译”过程，而出题者则会从母语的角度设置干扰项，在做题时一定要意识到这一 点，不要受母语影响，借助平时学习中培养起来的语感，灵活处理。总之，在逐项填空时应根据全文大意和词不离句，句不离文的原则，把上下文的意 思、句 法结构、词类和语法功能、惯用法、逻辑推理常识等各种因素加在一起综合考虑，仔细 推敲， 选中答案。三、复读全文再检验 在做完一篇完形填空后，文章完整了，应从头至尾读一遍，根据复读的语感和对整 篇短文的理解，再次将较明显的错误改正，个别需要推敲的再做调整，力争尽可能少出 错。另外，要做好完形填空，除了具备扎实的基

6、础知识和快速阅读及理解的能力外，良 好的心理素质和思维品质也至关重要。我们在平时训练时不能忽视对后者的训练。 一、高考完形填空解析（一） （MET91）On the night of the play. Jack was at the theater early and he was already dressed in a policemans clothes long 1 the end of the first scene. He certainly looked the part all right he thought as he 2 himself in the mirror. H

7、e 3 thought of going out into the street to see 4 he could pass as 5 out there. Just for 6 , of course.Then he suddenly felt nervous. After all it was his first time to 7 a part in a play. 8 could he face all those people 9 the play? he put his head in his hands and tried to 10 his lines （ 台词 ）, but

8、 nothing 11 to his mind.A knock on the door made him look 12 . He was to go on stage （ 舞台 ） in the secondscene. Have I 13 my part and ruined （ 破坏 ） the play for everybody? he thought to himself. But 14 was only the manager. She 15 how nervous he was and 16 he should stand near the stage 17 he could

9、watch and follow the play. It was a good 18 of getting rid of his nervousness? she said. She was right, it seemed to 19 . In fact the more he watched the play, the 20 he felt himself part of it.At last the 21 came for him to appear on the stage. But suddenly the manager came to him again, 22 worried

10、 as she placed a hand on his arm to 23 him back. Has anything gone 24 ? Jack asked. Im afraid youre going to be 25 . she said, Theyve jumped three pages of the play and have missed your part out completely. 1. A. before B.by C.after D.at2. A. lookedB.showedC.admiredD.enjoyed3. A. justB.evenC.stillD.

11、already4. A. howB.whyC.as ifD.whether5. A. a policemanB.an inspector C.an officerD.a manager6. A. jokeB.funC.playD.exercise7. A. makeB.joinC.haveD.give8. A. WhereB.WhyC.When D.How9. A. followingB.attendingC.watchingD.observing10.A. readB.rememberC.understandD.learn11.A. cameB.wentC.happenedD.got12.A

12、. awayB.upC.outD.down13.A. passedB.left C.missed D.failed14.A. thisB.thatC.sheD.it15.A. wonderedB.imaginedC. noticedD.examined16.A. agreedB.suggestedC. persuadedD. encouraged17.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. there18.A. ideaB. wayC. pathD. plan.19.A. doB. winC. workD. act20.A. lessB. harderC. betterD. more

13、21.A. hourB. minuteC. momentD. period22.A. feelingB. lookingC. sounding? D. growing23.A. holdB. take ,C. catchD. push24.A. badB. lateC. madD. wrong25.A. frightenedB. excitedC. disappointed D. pleased(二) (NMET91)It was a cold winters afternoon. Robert stopped for a moment as he crossed the bridge and

14、 looked down at the river below. There were hardly any 1 on the river. 2 the bridge, however, almost direct below, 3 was a small canoe, with a boy in it. He was 4 wearing many dothes. Robert 5 . He shivered and walked on.6 he heard a cry. Help! Help! The cry 7 from the river. Robert looked down. The

15、 boy was 8 the water and his canoe was 9 away.Help! Help! he called again.Robert was a good 10 .Taking off his clothes, he 11 into the river. The 12 water made him tremble all over, 13 in a few seconds he reached the 14 Dont be afraid, he said and started to swim towards the river bank, 15 the boy w

16、ith him. But at that 16 he noticed a large motor boat under the bridge. There were several people on the boat, all 17 in his direction. Robert 18 to swim towards the boat.Give me a hand, he shouted 19 he got near the boat. He 20 up into a row of faces.Its funny, he thought. They look so 21 . Silentl

17、y they helped the boy into the boat and 22 himin a blanket. But they did not move to 23 Robert.Arent you going to pull me 24 too? Robert asked.You! said one of the man. Robert noticed that he was standing next to a large 25 . You! Why? we were making a film and you spoiled a whole afternoons work. Y

18、ou can stay in the water!1. A. fishB. boatsC. wavesD. sound2. A. FromB.TowardsC. NearD.Behind3. A. thereB. itC.whereD.that4. A. thenB. alsoC. onlyD.not5. A. noticedB.sawC. guessedD.said6. A. Till thenB. Just thenC. Far awayD. From there7. A. happened B.wentC. arrived.D.came8. A. onB.withinC. inD.und

19、er9. A. runningB.floatingC. flowingD. pulling10.A. swimmer B.guard.C.soldierD. player.11.A. threwB. lookedC. jumpedD. turned12.A. deepB. coolC.dirtyD. cold13.A. butB. soC.andD. or14.A. canoeB. bankC.boyD. bridge15.A. pushingB. draggingC.holdingD. catching16.A. placeB. periodC.secondD. moment17.A. se

20、eingB. smilingC.lookingD. shouting18.A. decidedB. wentC.agreedD. promised19.A. whileB. tillC.forD. as20.A. turnedB. lookedC.hurriedD. stood21.A. nervousB.afraidC.excitedD.angry22.A. warpped B.leftC. placedD. threw23.A. saveB. thankC. wrapD. help24.A. onB. outC. awayD. off25.A. boatB. blanketC.camera

21、D. screen（三） （91 上海）Why is a space left between the rails of a railway line where one piece joins the next? The space 1 to let the rail expand （ 膨胀 ）when it gets 2 . On a hot day, the metal expands and if it 3 to do this, the rails would bend 4 shape. This caused railway 5 in the past.6 solids expan

22、d much less than liquids or gases, the 7 increases （ 增加量 ） can add up to a lot, when there are long 8 of rail. For example, the difference in length of rail, in summer and winter, 9 the distance between London and Edinburgh, is about 1/4 mile.We 10 keep in our minds and must not forget the expansion

23、 of metal when we build a very long metal bridge 11 . So spaces are left in the places 12 the metal is joined.When 13 colder, it becomes smaller in size. We can make use of the 14 that solids expand when they are heated, and become smaller in size when they get colder, and 15 they do it at different

24、 16 .For example, when an iron band （ 铁箍 ） has to fit tightly 17 a wooden wheel, first wemake it 18 than the wheel, then we 19 it, so that it goes on easily. When it gets colder, it becomes smaller in size and 20 the wheel very tightly.1. A. leavesB. is leftC. leftD. has left2. A. hotB. wetC. coldD.

25、 dry3. A. is not allowedB. is allowedC. were not allowedD. were allowed4. A? inB. offC. out ofD. with5. A. incidentsB.happeningsC. troubleD. accidents6. A. AlthoughB. IfC. BecauseD. After7. A. moreB. someC.bitD. small8. A. differencesB.lengthsC. railwaysD. ways9. A. onB. inC. overD. from10. A. have

26、toB. canC. mayD. need11. A. eitherB. againC. elseD. too12. A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when13. A. solids getB.the solids getC. solid getsD. a solid gets14. A. reasonB. factC. causeD. way15. A. whichB. whereC. thatD. so16. A. speedsB.expansionsC. conditionsD. lines17. A. onB. roundC. withD. within18. A

27、. a little smallerB.a little longerC. much smallerD. much larger19. A. coolB. heatC. warmD. wash20. A. carriesB. makesC. keepD. holds（四） （MET92）On Thursday afternoon Mrs Clarke locked the door and went to the womens club as usual. It was a pleasant way of passing time 1 an old woman who lived 2 .Whe

28、n she came home she sensed something 3 .Had someone got in? The back door and the windows were all 4 and there was no 5 of forced entry （ 进入 ）. Had 6 been taken? Shewent from room to room, 7 , and found her camera and spare watch 8 .The following Thursday she went out at her 9 time, but didnt go to

29、the club. 10 she took a short walk in a park nearby and came home, 11 herself in through the back door. Shesettled down to wait and see what would 12 .It was 4 oclock when the front doorbell rang. Mrs Clarke was 13 tea at the time. Thebell rang again, and 14 she heard her letter-box being pushed ope

30、n. 15 the kettle（ 壶 ） ofboiling water, she moved quietly 16 the door. A 17 of wire appeared through the letter-box, and then a 18 . The wire turned and caught around the knob （ 圆形旋钮 ） on the doorlock. Mrs Clarke raised the kettle and 19 the water over the hand. 20 was heard outside as the 21 fell to the floor and the hand was pulled back, which was ?222 by thesound of running feet.It wasnt long 23 the police caught the thief. And Mrs clarke was greatly 24 at the clubfor her successful 25 .1. A. byB. toC. withD. for2. A. lonelyB. aloneC. awayD. b