高中英语真题Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars7.docx

1、高中英语真题Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars7Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars单元加餐练.阅读理解A(2017全国卷)TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascompleteditsfirstflight,bringingthecompanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.ThevehiclenamedtheTransitionhastwoseats,fourwheelsandwingsthatf

2、oldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.TheTransition,whichflewat1,400feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhourontheroadand115intheair.Itfliesusinga23gallontankofgasandburns5gallonsperhourintheair.Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon.Around100peoplehavealreadyputdowna$10,000deposittogetaTransitio

3、nwhentheygoonsale,andthosenumberswilllikelyriseafterTerrafugiaintroducestheTransitiontothepubliclaterthisweekattheNewYorkAutoShow.Butdontexpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.Itsexpectedtocost$279,000.Anditwonthelpifyourestuckintraffic.Thecarneedsarunway.Inventorshavebeentryingtomakeflyingcarssincethe1

4、930s,accordingtoRobertMann,anairlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahascomecloserthananyonetomakingtheflyingcarareality.Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransitionisnowgoingthroughcrashteststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetystandard

5、s.MannsaidTerrafugiawashelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministrationsdecisionfiveyearsagotocreateaseparatesetofstandardsforlightsportaircraft,whicharelowerthanthoseforpilotsoflargerplanes.Terrafugiasaysanownerwouldneedtopassatestandcomplete20hoursofflyingtimetobeabletoflytheTransition,arequirementpilotsw

6、ouldfindrelativelyeasytomeet.篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了国外一家公司研发飞行汽车的最新进展。1Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?AThebasicdataoftheTransition.BTheadvantagesofflyingcars.CThepotentialmarketforflyingcars.DThedesignersoftheTransition.答案：A主旨大意题。根据第一段中提到飞行汽车的两个座位、四个轮子以及车翼、飞行速度、油耗等情况可知，该段是在介绍飞行汽车Transition的基本数据。故

7、选A。2WhyistheTransitionunlikelytoshowupintoomanydriveways?AItcausestrafficjams.BItisdifficulttooperate.CItisveryexpensive.DItburnstoomuchfuel.答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Butdontexpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.Itsexpectedtocost$279,000.”可知，此款汽车不能推广的主要原因是它太贵了。故选C。3Whatisthegovernmentsattitudetothedevelopmento

8、ftheflyingcar?ACautious.BFavorable.CAmbiguous.DDisapproving.答案：B观点态度题。根据第三段“Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.”中的permit可知，政府对此持支持的态度。故选B。4Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?AFlyingCaratAutoShowBTheTransitionsFirstFlightCPilotsDreamComingTrueDFl

9、yingCarClosertoReality答案：D标题判断题。本文是一则新闻报道，介绍了一种新型的飞行汽车。新闻报道的主题句通常是第一句话，本文的第一句中提到了“flyingcar”和“closertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear”由此可知，飞行汽车快要变成现实了。故选D。BPlutowhichfamouslywasdegradedfroma“majorplanet”in2006capturedourimaginationbecauseitwasamysterythatcouldcompleteourpictureofwhatit

10、waslikeatthemostremotecornersofoursolarsystem.Plutosunderdogdiscoverystoryispartofwhatmakesitsoappealing.ClydeTombaughwasafarboywhobuilttelescopesoutofspareautoparts,oldfarmequipmentandselfgroundlenses.AsanassistantatLowellObservatoryinFlagstaff,Arizona,Tombaughstaskwastosearchamongmillionsofstarsfo

11、ramovingpointoflight,aplanetthattheobservatorysfounderthoughtexistedbeyondtheorbitofNeptune.Afteryearsefforts,Tombaughfinallyfoundit.PlutowasthefirstplanetdiscoveredbyanAmerican,andrepresentedamomentoflightinthedarknessoftheGreatDepression.Fordecades,Plutothrivedinitsroleastheninthmajorplanetofourso

12、larsystem,eventhoughitwastinycomparedtotheothersandsofaraway.However,62yearsafteritsdiscovery,twoastronomersdiscoveredanotherplanetlikeobjectbeyondtheorbitofNeptune.Sixmonthslater,theydiscoveredathirdobject.ItlookedlikePlutomightactuallybeamemberofasortofasteroidbelt,similartobutwaybeyondoneweveknow

13、naboutforalongtimebetweentheorbitsofMarsandJupiter.Another14yearspassed,dozensmoreobjectsbeyondNeptunelikePlutohadbeendiscovered,sotheInternationalAstronomicalUnionelectedtodegradetheplanet.Itnowsharesitsdwarfplanetdesignationwiththreeofthe1,200bodiesthathavebeenlocatedbeyondNeptunetoday,collectivel

14、yknownas“KuiperBeltObjects”TheKuiperBeltispopulatedbyicybodiesthatareremnantsofthesolarsystemsformation.Thesearethebuildingblocksofplanets.WenowalsoknowthesurfaceofPlutocontainsicescomposedofmethane,nitrogen,andothercompoundsfamiliartous.Italsoseemstohaveabrightpolarcap,likeonEarth.Itsatmosphereisve

15、rythin,butitscomposedlargelyofnitrogen,likeourown.So,aswefinallygetwithin7,800milesofPlutotoday,wescientistsarehopingwecanfinallyunderstandhowthechaosatthebeginningofthesolarsystemcouldhavecreatedobjectssosimilarandyetsoforeignasEarthandPluto.Plutoismuchmorethansomethingthatisnotaplanet.Itsareminder

16、thattherearemanyworldsouttherebeyondourownthattheskyisntthelimitatall.Wedontknowwhatkindsoffantasticvariationsonathemenatureiscapableofmakinguntilwegetouttheretolook.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了冥王星从被发现到被降级的原因及经过。5PlutowasdiscoveredbyClydeTombaughin_.A1930B1939C1992D2006答案：A细节理解题。由第一段中的“Plutowhichfamouslywasd

17、egradedfromamajorplanetin2006”以及第四段首句和第五段首句可知，向前推76年就是发现冥王星的时间：(200676)1930年。故答案选A。6NowtheofficialdesignationofPlutois_.AAsteroidBeltBKuiperBeltCMajorPlanetDDwarfPlanet答案：D细节理解题。由第五段第二句“Itnowsharesitsdwarfplanetdesignationwiththreeofthe1,200bodiesthathavebeenlocatedbeyondNeptunetoday,collectivelykno

18、wnasKuiperBeltObjects”可知，现在冥王星的正式名称是矮行星。故答案选D。7PlutoandEartharetosomeextentsimilarfor_.Abothofthemarepopulatedbyicybodiesthatareremnantsofthesolarsystemsformation4.6billionyearsagoBtheatmosphereofeitherofthemismainlymadeupofnitrogenCthereareicesthroughoutthesurfaceofbothDbothofthemhavebrightpolarcap

19、sonthenorthpoleaswellasthesouthpole答案：B推理判断题。由第六段最后一句“Itsatmosphereisverythin,butitscomposedlargelyofnitrogen,likeourown.”可推知，冥王星和地球在某种程度上具有相似之处，因为它们的大气层主要成分都是氮。故答案选B。8WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?AThereareninemajorplanetsinthesolarsystem.BThereisanasteroidbeltbetweentheorbitsofMarsandJupiter

20、.CPlutonowsharesitsdesignationwith1,200bodiesthathavebeenlocatedbeyondNeptune.DClydeTombaughdiscoveredPlutowiththetelescopeoutofspareautoparts,oldequipmentandselfgroundlenses.答案：B细节理解题。由第四段第三句“ItlookedlikePlutomightactuallybeamemberofasortofasteroidbelt,similartobutwaybeyondoneweveknownaboutforalong

21、timebetweentheorbitsofMarsandJupiter.”可知，火星和木星之间有一个行星带。故答案选B。.七选五TipsonbuyingoutdoorsolarlightsAssolarlightingisbecomingusefulforhomes,manydifferentsuchoutdoorlightscannowbefoundinsupermarkets.Herearesomehelpfultipsforcustomers.Doesyourareareceiveenoughdirectlighting?_1_Soyoushouldntevengiveitathoug

22、htifyouliveinanareathatdoesntgetmuchsunlight.Theselightsneeddirectsunlight,ortheyjustwontworkverywell._2_Theexpensiveoneusuallymeansgoodquality.Choosingthecheapestoneswillresultinmanyproblems.Foronce,itsbesttobuymoreexpensivelightsofhighquality._3_Atleastyoushouldknowthedifferencebetweena10lightanda

23、45light.Buylightsthatrequirelessinstallation(安装)Mostsolarlightsaresimplydrivenintotheground.Therefore,youshouldntdealwiththedifficultyininstallingasystemthatinvolvesanythingmorethanthat._4_Youdontneedtobuylightsthatrequirehalfanhoureachtoplantintothegroundbecausethatsjustawasteoftime.Makesuretheligh

24、tscanstoreenoughenergy.Differentsolarlightscanstoredifferentamountsofenergy._5_Therefore,youshouldchooselightsthatareabletostoreenoughenergytolastforafewhoursormore,atleastthosethatwilllastfromnightfallthroughoutmostofthenightandpartofthemorning.AWithoutsunlight,solarlightingisuseless.BBuymanysolarl

25、ightsinsteadofjustoneortwo.CItmeanssomewillstaylitlongerthantheothers.DChoosesomethingabitmoreexpensiveforonce.ESolarlightsarebecomingmoreandmorepopular.FThatdoesntmeanyouhavetospendallyourmoney.GTheyshouldtakeafewminuteseachtogetintotheground.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。现在太阳能灯变得越来越流行了，在超市里有很多出售的灯，文章介绍了购买太阳能灯的几个小

26、建议。1A根据“Doesyourareareceiveenoughdirectlighting？”这段的主旨句可知，在住的地方要能接受到足够的直接光线，所以A项“Withoutsunlight,solarlightingisuseless.(没有阳光，太阳能灯就是无用的)”符合题意。2D根据“Theexpensiveoneusuallymeansgoodquality.”可知，贵的通常质量比较好，所以该段的主旨句为D项“Choosesomethingabitmoreexpensiveforonce.(要挑选一些贵一点的)”。3F根据这段的主题句可知，建议我们买一些贵的，但不意味着花所有的钱，所

27、以F项合适。4G根据段落里“Mostsolarlightsaresimplydrivenintotheground.”可知，大多数太阳能灯靠连接地面来驱动，所以G项“每个太阳能灯应该花几分钟的时间就能到达地面”符合题意。5C根据“Differentsolarlightscanstoredifferentamountsofenergy.”可知，不同的太阳能灯储存不同数量的能源，所以有些太阳能灯比其他的要亮持久点。.语法填空AlthoughSocrates(苏格拉底)waspoorallhislife,heneveraskedhispupilstopayfortheirlessons.Hetaught_1_theloveofwisdom,notformoney.And_2_hehadtosaywasalwaysnewandworthhearing.Allhispupilslovedhim.But