7B英语知识点自整理.docx

1、7B英语知识点自整理7B 英语知识点（U1U8）初一（5）班 张沐7BUnit 1 Dream homes知识点【词形转换】wood n. wooden adj.child n. children pron.quiet adj.quietly adv.quite adv. 相当地 quiet adj. 安静的print v. printer n.worry v. 担心worried adj.担心的littlelessleast many/much moremostown(adj./v.) owner (n.)Britainn. 不列颠British adj. 不列颠的France n. 法国F

2、rench n. 法语 adj.法国的Japan n.日本Japanese n. adj.日本的Russia n. 俄罗斯Russian n. 俄语、俄罗斯人 adj.俄罗斯的【词汇】1. 国家、人民、语言CountryPeople(pl.)LanguageChinaChineseChineseThe UKthe English/ EnglishmenEnglishThe USAAmericansEnglishRussiaRussiansRussianFrancethe French/ FrenchmenFrenchAustraliaAustraliansEnglishCanadaCanadi

3、ansEnglish / FrenchJapanJapaneseJapanese2. capitalThe capital of the USA is Washington D.C.the capital of e.g. Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu Province.The capital of China is Beijing.3. own(adj.自己的/v.拥有) owner (n.)主人I have my own bedroom. = I have a bedroom of my own.e.g. I see with my own eyes.

4、Whos the owner of this pen?= Who owns this pen?4. fun n. 乐趣，不可数名词I always have fun with my dog there.Its great fun.5. most(1) most名词; adj. “大多数的”： most homes Most girl students like wearing skirts.(2)most of + the / (形)物主代词(his/ their) / 指示代词（these/ those) + pl./umost of + us/you/themMost of the stu

5、dents would like to stay.I spend most of my free time playing football.Most of them think English is very important.(3) adv.“最”：like sth mostI like playing basketball most.6. beside = next toId like to live next to a restaurant.There is a football field behind my house and a swimming pool beside it.

6、【词组】1.Id like to live next to a restaurant. would like sth.= want sthwould like to do sth = want to do sthWould you like some water?= Do you want some water? Yes，please./ No, thanks.Would you like to go with us? Yes, Id love/ like to. Good idea. All right. / Id like to, but next to =besidee.g. Toms

7、house is next to mine. Jack wants to sit next to me.2. Learn about homes in different countries. learn about 学习有关的知识 I want to learn more about the world. learn from 向学习 We should help each other and learn from each other. different same；be different frombe the same asin different classes in the sam

8、e classIts really different from the flats in Beijing.be different frome.g. Your pen is different from mine.City life is very different from Country life. different(adj.) difference(n.)the difference betweenande.g. There are many differences between English and Chinese Names.3.We sit on the big floo

9、r cushions and look out at the beach and the sea.look out (of)at =see from Look out ! =Be careful! = Take care!当心/小心e.g. Dont look out of the window in class.look at / look around / look for / look like / look forward to / look after / look up4. I share a bedroom with my sister.share sth with sbe.g.

10、 The boy shared his toy with other childrenshare in sthe.g. We should share in our sorrows as well as joys.5.Simon wrote down the meaning of some of the words.write + n. +down=write down +n. write it /them downe.g. Can you write down the words on your book ?= Can you write the words on your book?OK,

11、 Ill write them down.meaning (n.) mean(v.)e.g. Whats the meaning of “quick?= What does “quick” mean?6. ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事Can you ask him to call me back?否定结构有：ask sb not to do sth类似的结构有：tell sb to do sth7. be full of 充满Your garden is full of flowers.The room is full of smoke.My grandmother visi

12、ted my home with a basket full of vegetables.8. have an area of = in area(size)Red Square in Moscow is about 91,000 square metres in size.France has an area of over 260,000 square miles. = France is 260,000 square miles in area.【语法】（一） Cardinal numbers 基数A.基数词的写法：“几十几”十位和个位之间用“”。e.g. 32 thirty-two10

13、1999 百位和十位间加“and”.e.g. 928 nine hundred and twenty-eight1000以上的数，从后往前每三位一段，倒数第一个数读thousand，倒数第二个数读million，依次类推。e.g. 8,542,601 eight million, five hundred and forty-three thousand, six hundred and oneB .基数词的运用：1. hundred, thousand, million, billion等前有数字修饰表示“精确数”一般用单数，但表示不定数目用复数：hundreds of; thousands

14、 of; millions of注意区别：three hundred students;hundreds of students;three hundred of the students2. 表示“几十”的数词，其复数形式可以表示年龄或年代。e.g. in his twenties in the thirties the 1990s3. 表示房间号、公共汽车号、电话号码、页数、年龄等用基数词，如：Room 801; No. 1 Bus; Page 44; two oclock; a twelve-year-old girl4.一些计算或分数、百分数等，如：Two plus two is fo

15、ur.Five times six is thirty.a half; a third; a quarter; three quarters; one-eighth; seven-eighths;thirty percent5. 年月日中，年用基数词；日用序数词January 18, 2014; 18th January 20146. 基数词表0zero9nine18eighteen90ninety1one10ten19ninteen100one hundred2two11eleven20twenty1,000one thousand3three12twelve30thirty10,000te

16、n thousand4four13thirteen40forty100,000one hundred thousand5five14fourteen50fifty1,000,000one million6six15fifteen60sixty7seven16sixteen70seventy8eight17seventeen80eighty（二） Ordinal numbers 序数序数词的运用：1. 表示日期：e.g. 6月1日on the first of June/ on June (the) first2. 表示编号：e.g. Lesson 5=the fifth lesson3. 表示

17、名次，起副词作用，前无“the” e.g. Simon came first in the English exam.4. 序数词前有限定词修饰时，不加“the”. e.g. This is my first lesson.5. 表示次序或楼层，如： He is always the first to come to school in our class. Wilson lives on the twelfth floor.6. a/an+序数词，表示“又一、再一”； Id like a second try.7.序数词表Ordinal numbersOrdinal numbers1st=f

18、irst10th=tenth2nd=second11th=eleventh3rd=third12th=twelfth4th=fourth13th=thirteenth5th=fifth20th=twentieth6th=sixth21st=twenty-first7th=seventh22nd=twenty-second8th=eighth23rd=twenty-third9th=ninth30th=thirtieth五、拓展提升1. Ill arrive in Beijing on Sunday. 我将在星期天到达北京。arrive (vi.) arrive in(大地点)/at (小地点)

19、= get to = reach(及物动词)e.g. The train arrived an hour ago. He arrives at school on time every day. =He gets to school on time every day. = He reaches school on time every day. arrive there/ here/home =get there/ here/ home 误：reach there/ here/ home2. Whos calling/speaking/that? （打电话用语）请问你是谁？“我是”用This

20、 ise.g. This is Jack speaking. 我是Jack.May I speak to? 可以找接电话吗？Yes, speaking. 是的，请讲。Just a minute/ moment.请稍等。Whats your telephone number? 你的电话号码是多少？ Sorry, wrong number. 不好意思，电话打错了。 Hold on, please. 请别挂断。 call sb back给某人回电话；answer the call 接电话3. It rains a lot.表示下雨、下雪、冷热等自然状况等用It作为主语It often rains a

21、 lot in summer in Haimen.It doesnt rain here in winter.It never snows here in summer.Does it often rain here in spring in Shanghai?4. The CN Tower is 1,815 feet tall.表示物体的长宽高厚深等的句型为：某物 is 数量 long/ wide/ tall / high/ thick/ deep.The Yangtze is 6,300 kilometres long.Im 1.72 metres tall.5. 表示方位的in, on,

22、 toShanghai is in the east of China.Russia is on the north of China.Japan is to the east of China.7BUnit2 Neighbours单元知识点归纳【单词】1neighbour邻居2visitor访问者，参观者31ike像，相似4waiter服务员5helpful愿意帮忙的；有用的 6community社区7volunteer志愿者，义务工作者 8skill技能，技巧9something某事，某物 10engineer工程师；技师11check检查12broken损坏了的；破碎的13someone

23、某人14fix修理15anyone任何人16college学院171ucky幸运的18fire火19manager经理20policeman警察21postman邮递员22company公司23elder年纪较长的24j ob工作25future将来26artist艺术家，(尤指)画家27sound听起来28sick生病的；恶心的29notice布告，通知30information信息31below下面32better较好，更好33anything任何事34group组，群【词组】1some volunteers 一些义务工作者2help sbwith sth帮助某人解决某种困难3someth

24、ing wrong一些有毛病的东西4do some shopping买东西5visitors like you 像你一样的访问者6most of them他们中大多数7all kinds of problems各种各样的问题8college students大学生9need help with某方面需要帮助10wait for sb等待某人11plan a day out 计划外出一天12the day after tomorrow后天13make a fire 生火14office worker上班族15police station 警察局16post office 邮局17by train

25、busshipbike 乘火车公交车轮船自行车18in the future 在未来19sound 1ike 听起来像20be good at drawing 擅长绘画21the information below 下面的信息22worry about 为担心23make you feel better 使你感到更好24feel well 感觉好了【句型】1Im going to visit our new neighbours我打算去拜访我们的新邻居。2Im afraid they wont welcome visitors like you恐怕他们不会欢迎像你一样的拜访者。 (1)welc

26、ome作及物动词，意为“欢迎，可与介词to连用；也可作形容词，意为“受欢迎的。如： Welcome you to our school!欢迎到我们学校来! Youre welcome不用谢。 (2)句中like是介词，意为“像，相似，其反义词是unlike；作动词时，意为“喜欢，后可接动名词或不定式作宾语。如： What is Jim like?吉姆这个人怎么样? They like playing football on Sunday他们喜欢在星期天踢足球。 (3)wont是will与not的缩略形式。“will+动词原形也是一般将来时的构成之一。如： We will take a bus

27、to work我们将乘公共汽车上班。3Theres something wrong with my computer我的电脑出故障了。 (1)此句包含句型：There is something wrong with(某物出毛病了坏了。)此句型的同义结构有：Something is wrong with；is broken；doesnt work等。 (2)something是不定代词，用于肯定句或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中。在疑问句 或否定句中多用anything。当形容词修饰这类不定代词时，必须后置。如： I have something important to tell you 我有

28、一些重要的事情告诉你。4They help us with all kinds of problems他们帮助我们解决各种难题。 help sbwith sth意为“帮助某人解决难题，其中with可用动词原形来代替。如： He often helps me learn English他经常帮助我学习英语。5Some of them often visit the old people and do some shopping for them他们中的一些人经常会去探望老人并为他们采购些物品。do some shopping意为“买东西，购物，相当于go shopping。在疑问句中，也用som

29、e而不用 any。类似结构还有：do some reading(阅读)， do some cooking(烧饭)，do some washing(洗衣服)等。6Youre lucky to live in a neighbourhood like that，Simon住在像那样的居民区，你真幸运，西蒙。lucky是luck的形容词形式，后接不定式，其反义词是unlucky(不幸运的)。此句也可表达为：Its lucky for you to live in a neighbourhood like that，Simon7People go there when they need help with their当人们在需要帮助时，人们就去 那儿(寻求帮助)。 (1)when意为“当时，是连词，引导时间状语从句