八年级上英语期末复习.docx

1、八年级上英语期末复习Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? go out出去 most of the time大部分时间 taste good尝起来很好吃吃 have a good time玩得高兴 of course当然喜欢做feel like doing sthgo shopping去购物 in the past在过去 walk around四处走take photos照相 up and down上上下下 come up出来不定代词有 all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many

2、, much, other, another, some, any, no, (a) few, (a) little, both, enough, every 等，以及由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词(即somebody, anyone, nothing 等)。在这些不定代词中，多数都能作主语放在形容词前复合不定代词：由some，any，no，every加上-body,-one,-thing构成的不定代词，叫做复合不定代词。somebody = someone某人 something 某物，某事anybody = anyone任何人 anything什么事物，任何

3、事物nobody = no one没有人，不重要的人 nothing没有东西，什么也没有;everybody = everyone每人,人人,所有人 everything每一个事物，一切词组：for nothing(徒劳，没有好结果，免费)，nothing but(仅仅，只不过)，Its nothing. (不用谢，不必在意) anybody else(别人)（2）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。（3）代替与-thing构成的复合不定代词，用it；代替与-body, -one构成的复合不定代词，一般用they，在正式文体中可用he。如：Everyone knows what they have to

4、 do, dont they ？Everyone knows what he has to do, doesnt he ? 每个人都知道他必须做什么，不是吗？（2）something和anything的区别与some和any的区别一样，前者一般用于肯定句，后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中。（3）复合不定代词被定语所修饰时，形容词或不定式等其他定语则须放在它们的后面。除与-thing构成的复合不定代词外，即everyone、everybody、someone，somebody都有所有格形式；当其后有else时，s要加在else后面。如： That must be somebody el

5、ses coat; it isnt mine. 那一定是别人的外衣，不是我的。everyone=everybody, anyone=anybody, 只指人，不能与of短语连用；every one, any one可指人也可指物，一定要与of连用才可以。如：Is anybody here? 有人吗？You can take any one of these. 你可以随便拿一个。【巧记复合代词分合】：分合皆能单独用，后加of合不成。【巧学不定代词】：不定代词美名扬，修饰成分后边藏；单数动词作谓语，何时何地都一样。buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物taste

6、 + adj. 尝起来look+adj. 看起来smell 闻起来 sound 听起来 feel 感觉起来nothingbut+动词原形 除了之外什么都没有seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来seem to do sth.arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地decide to do sth.决定去做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 dislike doing sth

7、. 不喜欢做某事want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事keep doing sth.继续做某事 keep on doing sth. 反复做某事有小停歇Why not do. sth.?为什么不做呢？so+adj.+that+从句 如此以至于it is + adj. + for sb. +to do sth对某人来说做怎么样tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人（不

8、要）做某事want sb. (not) to do sth. 想要某人（不要）做某事2. seem + 形容词 看起来. You seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a coldseem like .好像，似乎. It seems like a god idea.3. decide to do sth.决定做某事 They decide to visit the museum.decide + 疑问词 + 动词不定式 He can not decide when to leave.4. start doing s

9、th = start to do sth. 开始，可与begin 互换 。He started doing his homework.5. over 介词，多于，超过，在以上（表示数目、程度）= more thanMy father is over 40 years old.在之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与 under 相反。 There is a map over the blackboard.超过： I hear the news over the radio.遍及： I want to travel all over the world.6. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数too

10、 much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。Much too 太，修饰形容词或副词。分辨三者的口诀： too much, much too, 用法区别看后头： much 后接不可数， too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。7. because of 介词短语，因为，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。He cant take a walk because of the rain.because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。I dont buy the shirt because it was too expensive.Unit2 How

11、 often do you exercise?help with housework帮助做家务 on weekends在周末 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不 once a week每周一次 twice a month每月两次 every day每天 be free有空go to the movies去看电影 use the Internet用互联网 swing dance摇摆舞 play tennis打网球 stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚at least至少少have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课go to bed earl

12、y早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动be good for对有好处sb. spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光be bad for对有坏处 sb. spend time / money on sth.在某方面花费时间/金钱 be good with与友好相处 sb. spend time /money in doing sth.在做某事上花费时间/金钱be good at sth./ doing sth 擅长某事/be friendly with sb. 与某人友好相处be friendly to sb. 对某人友好be kind to sb. 对某人友好 not

13、at all一点儿也不 in ones free time在某人的业余时间 the most popular最受欢迎的 such as比如；诸如 old habits die hard积习难改 go to the dentist去看牙医morn than多于；超过 less than少于help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 How about? .怎么样？/ want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事 How many+可数名词复数Its+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的的ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事 ask sb. to do sth

14、.要求某人做某事by doing sth. 通过做某事 Whats your favorite?你最喜爱的是什么？the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式1. how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once，twice, three times 等词语。How often do you play sports? Three times a week.how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ru

15、ler?how for 多远， 用来询问距离，指路程的远近。 How far is it from here to the park? Its about 2 kilometers.1.free 空闲的，有空的， 反义词为 busy. be free 有空，闲着，相当于 have time.Ill be free next week. = Ill have time next week.还可作“免费的、自由的”解。be free to do sth. 自由地做某事。The tickets are free. Youre free to go or to stay.2.How come？ 怎么会

16、？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句， 相当于疑问句 why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。How come Tom didnt come to the party? = Why didnt Tom come to the party?3.stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”。 Dont stay up late next time.stay up 指“熬夜，不睡觉”。 He stayed up all night to write his story.4.go to bed 强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不

17、一定睡着。Igo to sleep 强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。5.find + 宾语 +名词, 发现 ： We have found him (to be) a good boy.6.percent 百分数， 基数词 + percent： percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。 Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percent of time passed.7.more than 超过，多于，不仅仅， 相当于 over. 在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义词组为：

18、less than. I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years.9. afraid 形容词， 担心的，害怕的，Im afraid we cant come here on time.be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事 be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事。Some children are afraid of the dark.Im afraid + 从句， 恐怕， 担心： Im afraid I have to go now.be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事10. s

19、ometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的区别：sometimes 频度副词， 有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句中或句末。some times 名词词组， 几次，几倍。其中time 是可数名词，对它提问用how many times.I have read the story some times. -How many times have you read the story?some time 名词短语， 一段时间. 表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时用 How long.I ll stay

20、 here for some time. -How long will you stay here?Unit3 Im more outgoing than my sister.care about关心；介意 look after 照顾 take care of 照顾be like a mirror像一面镜子 the most important最重要的as long as只要；既然 bring out使显现；使表现出 get better grades取得更好的成绩 reach for伸手取in fact事实上；实际上make friends交朋友the other其他的 touch ones

21、 heart感动某人 be talented in music有音乐天赋 be good at擅长 be good with善于与相处have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 be good at doing sth擅长做某事 make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事 as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与一样Its+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事的。词语辨析：laugh v. & n. 笑（与at连用）嘲笑Dont laugh at him. 别嘲笑他。笑；笑声 We had a good l

22、augh at his joke. 我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。though conj. 虽然；纵然；即使；尽管 = althoughThough he was poor he was happy. 虽然他很穷却很快乐。注意：不能受汉语的影响，在though引导的从句后使用but。如：Though he was poor，but he was happy.（误）though adv. 不过，可是，然而，常用于句末，用逗号隔开。Jim said that he would come, he didnt , though.形容词和副词的比较级、最高级 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1）原级（不作比

23、较），修饰词very,so,too,pretty,really；2）比较级，表示“较”或“更”的意思（两者之间进行比较）, 标志词than, A or B, of the two, 修饰词much,a lot,a little；3）最高级，表示“最”的意思（三者或三者以上作比较），形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带in（of）短语来什么比较的范围。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级规则变化： 构 成 方 法 原 级 比 较 级最 高 级单音节词和部分双音节词一般在词尾加-er或-esthighshorter shortest以字母e词尾的词，加-r或-stlatefine finer f

24、inest重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-est thin r thinner thinnest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把“y”改为“i”，再加-er或-est funnyfunnier funniest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more或 more athletic most athletic形容词和副词的比较级和最高级不规则变化： 原 级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther（

25、更远） farthest(最远) further（更深远）furthest（最深远）as(原级)as与一样 not as/soas不如Liming is as tall as Jim. Jack runs as fast as Tom.Lily is not as/so tall as Lucy. =Lily is shorter than Lucy.Unit4 Whats the best movie theater?movie theater电影院 close to离近 clothes store服装店 in town在镇上 so far到目前为止 10 minutes by bus坐公共

26、汽车10分钟的路程 talent show才艺表演in common共同；共有 around the world世界各地；全世界 more and more越来越and so on等等 all kinds of各种各样的 be up to是的职责；由决定 not everybody并不是每个人 make up编造（故事、谎言等） play a role in在方面发挥作用/有影响for example例如 takeseriously认真对待 give sb. sth.给某人某物 come true（梦想、希望）实现；达到How do you like?你认为怎么样？ Thanks for do

27、ing sth.因做某事而感谢。What do you think of?你认为怎么样? much+ adj./adv.的比较级 得多 watch sb. do sth.观看某人做某事play a role in doing sth.发挥做某事是作用/在做某事方面扮演重要的角色one of+可数名词的复数 之一形容词和副词的最高级比较级有变化，一般词尾加-er， 最高级有变化，词尾加上-est，词尾若是哑音e, 直接加r就可以， 词尾若是哑音e, 直接加上-st，辅音字母加y, 记得把y变i加-er, 辅音字母加y, y变i再加-est,一辅重读闭音节，末尾双写加-er， 一辅重读闭音节，末尾

28、双写加-est，形副音节123，比较等级more在前。 形副单词多音节，最高级前the most。1.表示由动词加-ing或-ed构成的形容词。2.表示由形容词加后缀-ly构成的副词。3.表示部分双音节及多音节词。funny - funnier friendly -friendlier / less friendlyhappy-happier lazy - lazierbe good at - be better at ( feel )good - ( feel )betterquietly - more quietly seriously -more seriouslyactively -

29、more activelyUnit5 Do you want to watch a game show?think of认为 learn from从获得；向学习 find out查明；弄清楚 talk show谈话节 game show游戏节目 soap opera肥皂剧 go on发生 watch a movie看电影 a pair of一双；一对try ones best尽某人最大努力 as famous as与一样有名 have a discussion about就讨论 one day有一天 such as例如dress up打扮；梳理 take sb.s place代替；替换do a good job干得好 something enjoyable令人愉快的东西interesting information有趣的资料 one of之一around the world全世界 a symbol of的象征let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 plan to do sth.计划/打算做某事