江苏高考英语阅读理解推理判断题讲解及选练含答案.docx

1、江苏高考英语阅读理解推理判断题讲解及选练含答案江苏2017高考英语阅读理解【 推理判断题】讲解及选练（含答案）阅读理解解题指导阅读理解历来都是高考英语试卷中难度最大、 区分度最高的题型， 它要求考生理解文章的主旨和要义；理解文中的具体信息；根据上下文推断生词的词义；理解文章的基本结构；理解作者的意图、观点和态度等。下面我们来探讨一下高考阅读理解的解题思路。阅读理解-【推理判断题】推理判断题主要考查考生对文章的深层理解和挖掘， 往往针对作者的态度或观点、文章的隐含意义、 文章的写作目的、 文章的体裁或者出处来设题考查。 题干中往往含有一些标志性词语：infer, suggest, imply,

2、con elude 等。命题方式一般有：What can we infer from the last paragraph?What does the sec ond paragraph suggest?What attitude does the author of the text have towards ?What is the author purpose in writi ng the text?做推理判断题时，考生要注意挖掘文章的隐含信息， 从已知获得未知，而不是凭空臆断。很多文章，尤其是记叙文和议论文，其语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了作者的态 度、观点及作者的写作意图。

3、 考生应认真阅读文章并找出反映语境褒贬性的关键性词汇或句子，这对我们掌握文章主旨文意、 把握作者观点态度， 从而正确地进行逻辑推断大有好处。如：真题摘选【1】（2013江苏卷C篇）If ichthyosaurs did evolve an an ti-decompressi on means, they clearly did so quickly and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards. But that is not what Dr Rothschild thinks happened. Hesuspects it was evolutio

4、n in other animals that caused the cha nge.64. Rothschild might have con cluded that ichthyosaurs .A. failed to evolve an an ti-decompressi on meansB. gradually developed measures aga inst the bendsC. died out because of large sharks and crocodilesD. evolved an an ti-decompressi on means but soon lo

5、st it解析：根据文中信息，如果鱼龙确实曾经进化得到了一种抗减压病的机能， 那么这种进化一定会发展很快，但是奇怪的是，它们后来失去了这一机能。因此 Dr Rothschild 可能得出的结论是：鱼龙没有进化得到一种抗减压病的机能。【实战演练】【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文，从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real differe nee in some on es life?If yes ， dont care about sex or age ！ Come

6、 and join us ， then youll_make_it! Position : Volunteer Social Care Assistant (No Pay with Free Meals)Place : Man ChesterHours : Part TimeWeare now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to liveactive lives ！ Only 4 days left.Dont miss the chanee of lending your warm han

7、ds to help others!Role :You will provide people with lear ning disabilities with all aspects of their dailylives.You will help them to develop new skills.You will help them to protect theirrights and their safety.But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued.Skills and Experie nee Req

8、uired :You will have the right values and great listening skills.You will be honest andpatie nt.You will have the ability to drive a car and to com muni cate in flue nt writte n and spoke n En glish since youll have to help those people with differe nt lear ning disabilities.Previous care -related e

9、xperie nee will be a great adva ntage for you.1. The text is meant to .A. leave a noteB. send an invitationC. present a documentD. carry an advertisement2. What does the underlined part mean?A. Youll make others lives more meaningful with this job.B. Youll arrive home just in time from this job.C. Y

10、oull earn a good salary from this job.D. Youll succeed in getting this job.3. The volunteers primary responsibility is to help people with learning disabilitiesA. to get some financial supportB. to properly protect themselvesC. to learn some new living skillsD. to realize their own importanee4. Whic

11、h of the following can first be chosen as a volunteer?A. The one who can drive a car.B. The one who has done similar work before.C. The one who has patienee to listen to others.D. The one who can use En glish to com muni cate.答案：【语篇解读】 本文是一则广告。广告中招募志愿者，帮助智障人，让智障人意识到他们的重要性。1. D 解析：考查推理判断。从文中 Position

12、 , Place，Hours，Role 以及 Skills and Experienee Required的相关信息可知，短文为广告。2. A 解析：考查句意理解。从文章中的 Do you want to get home from work knowing youhave made a real differe nee in some on es life 以及第二段中的 If yes, dont care about sex or age ! Come and join us, then youll_maket 可知，youll make it 意为 参力口广告中的志愿工作，你将让别人的生

13、活更有意义 ”。3. D 解析：考查细节理解。根据文中 Role部分的 But your primary concern is to let themknow they are valued 可知，志愿者的基本工作是让智障人意识到他们的重要性。4. B 解析：考查细节理解。根据文中 Skills and Experienee Required 部分的 Previouscare -related experienee will be a great advantage for you 可知，以前有类似工作经历的人优先。真题摘选【2】（2013课标卷I A篇）Now some people may

14、 thi nk I m a bad mother and not such a great wife either.But as a big-time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, agood deal is someth ing few of us can afford to pass up.57. What can we lear n about the author?A. She rarely misses a good deal.B. She seldom makes a compromise

15、.C. She is very strict with her children.D. She is interested in cheap products.解析： 根据文中第三段可知， 作为一名一流的讨价还价高手， 作者知道每一美元的价值， 由此推断，她几乎不会错过任何一笔能获利的交易，故选 A。【实战演练】（2015 模拟题）Besides containing attractive flowers ， trees and other plants that beautify thecommunity ， ecofriendly rain gardens are healthy for

16、the environment and the people living and working nearby.A rain garden is not very different from a traditional garden.It is just a farmore ecofriendly garden.Usually it is built lower than the ground.Rain gardens make smart use of rain and storm water by temporarily holding water from rain and stor

17、ms and letting it soak（ 渗透 ） slowly into the ground before it runs into streams or enters the public drinking water supply.Thus，a rain garden keeps the water ， allowing it to be used as needed by plantsin the rain garden ， rather than flowing immediately into nearby streams and goingunused.The water

18、 will soak slowly into the ground within a day or two.This creates an advantage that the rain garden does not allow mosquitoes to breed.This is a simple ， attractive ，and ecofriendly “ green ” way to treat storm water.Whats more ， planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environ

19、ment.Without using expensive machinery and chemicals ， rain gardens removeharmful chemicals in the rainwater and cut down on the amount of pollution reaching streams and rivers by up to 30%.Native plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to thelocal climate ，soil ，and water

20、 conditions.They may attract local wildlife such as native birds.Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week ， unless youhave had at least an inch of rain during the week.Once native plants establish the necessary root system ， they will require little care.Often ，local governm

21、ents and private businesses develop large rain gardens in their yards and in public parks as a way to improve the environment and solve floodingproblems.However , you don n eed to be a professi on ally environmen tai engin eer tocreate a rain garden.As long as you re eco -conscious homeowners , you

22、can help theenvironment by build ing smaller rain garde ns in your yards.1. Which of the followi ng is NOT true for the fun cti on of rain garde ns?A. They are good for livi ng con diti ons.B. They in crease polluti on.C. They can beautify the com muni ty.D. They improve the environment.答案 B解析 细节理解题

23、。根据第一段内容 Besides con tai ning attractive flowers , trees andother pla nts that beautify the commu nity , ecofrie ndly rain garde ns are healthy forthe en viro nment and the people livi ng and worki ng n earby. ” 可知雨水花园对环境有益，并不会增加污染。故选 B。2. Which of the follow ing is the ecofrie ndly function of rain

24、 garde ns discussed inParagraph 4?A. They can help reduce the pollution problem.B. They can keep the rain and storm water.C. They can be healthy for the people around.D. They can make the environment more beautiful.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句话 “Whats more，planting a rain garden helps reducepollution and i

25、mprove the environment. ”可知，雨水花园有助于减少污染。故 A正确。3.0ne of the main reas ons why n ative pla nts are recomme nded is that . A. they cost less and are much easier to getB. they may attract local wildlife to comeC. they require little care from the local garde nerD. they are more used to the local grow in

26、g con diti ons答案 D解析 纟田节理解题。根据第五段第一句话 Native pla nts are recomme ndedfor rain garde nsbecause they are more used to the local climate , soil , and water conditions. ” 可知，建议种本地的植物是因为本地的植物更适应本地的环境。4.What do we know about rain gardens?A. They need little water after all the plants are planted.B. They m

27、ay attract local birds and change the local climate.C. They usually need at least an inch of rainwater a week.D. They may reduce the water pollution problem by 70%.答案 C解析 细节理解题。 由第五段第三句话 “ Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week ， unless you have had at least an inch of rai

28、n during the week. ”可知，雨水花园一周需要至少一英尺的雨水。故选 C。真题摘选【3】（2013课标卷I C篇）But when asked which authors they actually enjoy, people named J.K. Rowling, John Grisham, Sophie Kinsella （ah, the big sellers, in other words）. Forty-two percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read th

29、e end before finishing the story （I ll come clean: I do this and am astonished that58 percent said they had never done so）.67. What is the author s attitude to 58% of readers?A. Favorable. B. Uncaring.C. Doubtful. D. Friendly.解析：根据文章最后一段特别是 astonished 可知，作者对 58%的人也产生了怀疑，故选 择C项。【实战演练】真题摘选【4】（2013安徽卷A

30、篇）The Healthy Habits Survey （ 调查 ）shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.59. The text probably comes from .A. a guide book B. a popular magazineC. a book review D. an official document解析： 本文介绍了对美国年长者健康生活习惯的调查结果及专家建议。 这是一份调查报告

31、，出现的地方最可能是杂志，故选 B项。【习题选编】阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。 BFour Must-See Route 66（66 号公路 ） AttractionsThe United States is full of odd roadside attractions. Route 66 is home to some ofthe oldest and most known attractions of them all. Here are four attractions youshould see along the Mother Road:1. Paul Bunyan and

32、a Hot DogRoute 66 travelers pass by many fiberglass giants（ 巨人 ） right along the road.These giants were a popular form of advertising in the 1960s. Many of them stoodin front of service stations. They held car parts, such as mufflers. The collection of Route 66 giants became known as “Muffler Men ”. Businesses hoped the str